1745 in Great Britain

Events from the year 1745 in Great Britain.

1745 in Great Britain:

Other years

1743 | 1744 | 1745 | 1746 | 1747

Countries of the United Kingdom

Scotland

Sport

1745 English cricket season

Incumbents

• Monarch – George II
• Prime Minister – Henry Pelham (Whig)^[1]

Events

• 30 April–11 May – War of the Austrian Succession: British forces defeated at the Battle of Fontenoy.^[2]
• 16 June – King George's War: British capture Cape Breton Island in North America from the French.^[2]
• 26 June – the earliest known women's cricket match, at Gosden Common in Surrey.^[3]
• 9 July (20 July NS) – Jacobite rising: The Du Teillay, carrying the Young Pretender Charles Edward Stuart from France to Scotland, and her escort L'Elisabeth engage with HMS Lion in the English Channel.
• 23 July – Jacobite rising: Charles Stuart lands on Eriskay in the Hebrides in Scotland.^[2]
• 15–26 August – War of the Austrian Succession: By the Convention of Hanover, King George II makes peace overtures to Prussia and ends support for Austria.^[2]
• 16 August – Jacobite rising: A Jacobite victory at Highbridge Skirmish.
• 19 August – Jacobite rising: Charles Stuart raises his standard at Glenfinnan.
• 11 September – Jacobite rising: Jacobites enter Edinburgh.^[2]
• 16 September – Jacobite rising: "Canter of Coltbrigg": The 13th and 14th Dragoons flee Jacobites near Edinburgh.
• 17 September – Jacobite rising: in Edinburgh, Charles Stuart proclaims his father James Francis Edward Stuart as James VIII of Scotland.^[2]
• 21 September – Jacobite rising: Government forces are defeated at the Battle of Prestonpans.^[4]
• 28 September – the song later to become the British national anthem "God Save the King" is first performed at the Drury Lane Theatre in London in a setting by Thomas Arne.^[4]
• 13–15 November – Jacobite rising: Jacobites besiege and capture Carlisle.
• December – Jacobite rising: Jacobite garrison in Carlisle surrenders to Hanoverian forces under Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.
• 4 December – Jacobite rising: Jacobite forces reach Derby causing panic in London.^[2]
• 6 December – Jacobite rising: Jacobite forces decide to retreat to Scotland.^[2]
• 18 December – Jacobite rising: A Jacobite victory at the Clifton Moor Skirmish,^[2] the last action between two military forces on English soil.^[5]
• 23 December – Jacobite rising: A Jacobite victory at the Battle of Inverurie.

Undated

• West towers of Westminster Abbey completed.^[3]
• The term "middle class" is first used.^[6][7]

Publications

• Henry Fielding edits the pro-government publication The True Patriot.^[2]

Births

• 23 January – William Jessop, civil engineer (died 1814)
• February – Samuel Hearne, explorer, fur-trader, author and naturalist (died 1792)
• 2 February
  • Hannah More, religious writer, Romantic poet and philanthropist (died 1833)
  • John Nichols, printer and antiquary (died 1826)
• 14 February – Lady Sarah Lennox, courtier (died 1826)
• 20 February – Henry James Pye, poet laureate (died 1813)
• 4 March – Charles Dibdin, composer (died 1814)
• 12 May – William Creech, Scottish bookseller and Lord Provost of Edinburgh (died 1815)
• 13 July – Robert Calder, admiral (died 1818)
• 20 July – Henry Holland, architect (died 1806)
• 20 or 21 August – Francis Asbury, bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church (died 1816 in the United States)
• 17 October – William Scott, 1st Baron Stowell, judge and jurist (died 1836)
• 7 November – Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn, member of the royal family (died 1793)
• 10 December – Thomas Holcroft, writer (died 1809)

Deaths

• 26 February – Henry Scudamore, 3rd Duke of Beaufort (born 1707)
• 18 March – Robert Walpole, first Prime Minister of Great Britain (born 1676)^[8]
• 28 May – Jonathan Richardson, portrait painter, writer on art and collector (born 1667)
• 30 September – Sir John Baird, 2nd Baronet, Scottish politician (born 1686)
• 19 October – Jonathan Swift, Irish satirist (born 1667)
• 16 November – James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, exiled Irish-born statesman and soldier (born 1665)
• John Freame, banker (born 1669)

See also

• 1745 in Wales

References

1. "History of Henry Pelham - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
2. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 310–311. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
3. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 217–218. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
4. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
5. Unless the Battle of Graveney Marsh (1940) is counted.
6. "middle class, n. and adj.". Oxford English Dictionary online version. Oxford University Press. March 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012. (subscription or participating institution membership required)
7. Bradshaw, James (1745). A scheme to prevent the running of Irish wools to France: and Irish woollen goods to foreign countries. By prohibiting the importation of Spanish wools into Ireland, ... Humbly offered to the consideration of Parliament. By a Merchant of London. London: printed for J. Smith, and G. Faulkner. pp. 4–5.
8. "Robert Walpole, 1st earl of Orford | prime minister of Great Britain". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 1 September 2021.