1520s - Wikiwand

The 1520s decade ran from January 1, 1520, to December 31, 1529.

1520

January–March

January 19 – King Christian II of Denmark and Norway defeats the Swedes, at Lake Åsunden in Sweden. The Swedish regent Sten Sture the Younger is mortally wounded in the Battle of Bogesund. He is rushed towards Stockholm, in order to lead the fight against the Danes from there.^[1]
February 3 – Swedish regent Sten Sture dies from his wounds leaving a vacancy on the throne that allows King Christian II of Denmark to conquer Sweden within eight months.^[1]
February 6 – The Swabian League sells the Duchy of Württemberg to the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, for 220,000 florins and payment of the Duchy's debt of 1,100,000 Goldgulden^[2]
March 10 – Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk becomes England's new Lord Deputy of Ireland^[3]
March 31 – The Magellan expedition, led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan (Fernão de Magalhães), pauses in its attempt to sail around the world, stopping at Puerto San Julian on the lower east coast of what is now Patagonia in Argentina. His fleet consists of Magellan's flagship, Trinidad, and four other vessels, Concepción, Victoria, San Antonio and Santiago.^[4]

April–June

April 2 – Juan de Cartagena, formerly captain of the largest ship on the Magellan expedition, San Antonio, escapes captivity from the Victoria and begins a mutiny against Ferdinand Magellan.^[5] He is joined by Gaspar de Quesada, captain of the Concepción, and Luis de Mendoza, captain of the Victoria. On the first day of the rebellion, under the pretense of delivering Magellan's letter of surrender to the Victoria, several crew from the Magellan's flagship Trinidad stab Mendoza to death, and the rest of the Victoria crew seizes the mutineers.^[5]
April 3 – The crew of the San Antonio surrenders to Magellan after being unable to stop drifting in strong winds and being fired at by a cannon, and Gaspar de Quesada surrenders the Concepcion.^[5] Four days later, Quesada is beheaded along with other mutineers, while Cartagena is left on an island by Magellan in August.
April 16 – Revolt of the Comuneros: Citizens of Toledo, Castile opposed to the rule of the Flemish-born Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, rise up when the royal government attempts to unseat radical city councilors.^[6]
May 7 – The semi-independent Duchy of Mecklenburg, in what is now Germany, is partitioned into two duchies, Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz.^[7]
May 22 –
- The Massacre in the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan takes place in Mexico after the Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II is allowed by the Deputy Governor of New Spain, Pedro de Alvarado, to host Aztec nobles at the Great Temple at Tenochtitlan to celebrate the Feat of Toxcatl in honor of the god Tezcatlipoca. Alvarado uses the opportunity to kill more than 600 Aztec warriors and commanders, but spares Moctezuma.^[8]^[9]
- The Magellan expedition loses its first ship as the caravel Santiago is wrecked in a storm while sailing inland on Argentina's Santa Cruz River^[10]
June 7 – King Henry VIII of England and King Francis I of France meet at the famous Field of the Cloth of Gold.^[11]
June 10 – Revolt of the Comuneros: Segovia is blockaded.
June 15 – Pope Leo X issues the bull Exsurge Domine (Arise O Lord), threatening Martin Luther with excommunication, if he does not recant his position on indulgences and other Catholic doctrines.^[12]
June 29 – Moctezuma II, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan, is assassinated by other Aztec leaders as he attempts to address his people.^[13] His brother Cuitláhuac rises to the throne.

July–September

July 1 – La Noche Triste (Night of Sorrow): The forces of Cuitláhuac, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan, gain a major victory against the forces of conquistador Hernán Cortés. This results in the death of about 400 conquistadors, and some 2,000 of their Native American allies. However, Cortés and the most skilled of his men manage to escape and later regroup.
July 7 – Otumba near Lake Texcaco: The Spaniards defeat the Aztecs.^[14]
August 11 – Ferdinand Magellan maroons the two surviving people who had attempted a mutiny against him, Captain Juan de Cartagena and Father Pedro Sánchez de la Reina, placing them on an island off of the coast of Argentina and providing them with a small supply of ship's biscuits and drinking water. Cartagena and Sanchez are never heard from again.^[5]
August 21 – After wintering in Patagonia in Argentina, the Magellan expedition resumes its attempt to become the first crew to sail around the world.^[15]
August 24 – The French warrior René of Savoy departs from Marseille on his flagship, Sainte Marie de Bonaventure on a four-month mission to protect the Knights Hospitaller against an attack by the Ottoman Turks.
August – Martin Luther publishes To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.^[16]
September 7 – Christian II makes his triumphant entry into Stockholm, which had surrendered to him a few days earlier.^[17] Sten Sture's widow Christina Gyllenstierna, who has led the fight after Sten's death, and all other persons in the resistance against the Danes, are granted amnesty and are pardoned for their involvement in the resistance.
September 22 – Suleiman I succeeds his father Selim I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.^[18] He is officially crowned on September 30.^[19]

October–December

October 21 (Feast of St. Ursula) – The islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon are discovered by Portuguese explorer João Álvares Fagundes, off Newfoundland. He names them Islands of the 11,000 Virgins, in honour of Saint Ursula.
October 23 – Charles V is crowned King of Germany in Aachen.^[20]
October 21 – The four remaining ships of the Magellan expedition and their crews confirm that they have found the passage that will be named the Strait of Magellan, the passage between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The crew of the San Antonio, led by Estêvão Gomes elects not to sail into strait and begins journeying back to Spain.^[21]
November 1 – Christian II is crowned king of Sweden in Nikolai Church.^[22] The coronation is followed by a three-day feast in Stockholm.
November 7 – At the end of the third day of Christian's coronation feast, several leading figures of the Swedish resistance against the Danish invasion are imprisoned, and tried for high treason.^[23]
November 9– Stockholm Bloodbath: The execution of 82 Swedish noblemen and clergymen, having been sentenced to death for their involvement in the Swedish resistance against the Danish invasion, is completed after two days of beheading.^[24]
November 25 – Cuauhtémoc becomes the last Aztec Emperor after the death from smallpox of the Emperor Cuitláhuac, who reigned for only 80 days.Orozco y Berra, Manuel (1880). Historia antigua y de la conquista de México (Ancient history of the conquest of Mexico). Tipografía de Gonzalo A. Esteva. p. 493. Retrieved October 7, 2012.
November 28 – After navigating through the strait at the southern end of South America, three ships under the command of Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan reach the Pacific Ocean. Magellan thankful to find a peaceful sea after the dangerous trip through the strait, names the body of water "El Mar Pacifico" because of its pacifying waters.^[25]^[26] becoming the first Europeans to sail from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific (the strait is later named the Strait of Magellan).
December 10 – Martin Luther burns a copy of The Book of Canon Law (see Canon Law), and his copy of the Papal bull Exsurge Domine.^[27]

Date unknown

The Franciscan friar Matteo Bassi is inspired to return to the primitive life of solitude and penance, as practiced by St. Francis, giving rise to the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin.
Duarte Barbosa returns to Cananor.
Aleksandra Lisowska (Roxelana) is given as a gift to Suleiman I on the occasion of his accession to the throne.^[28]
King Manuel I creates the public mail service of Portugal, the Correio Público.^[29]

Births

1520

January 7 – Peder Oxe, Danish finance minister (d. 1575)^[237]
January 30 – William More, English courtier (d. 1600)^[238]
February 22 – Frederick III of Legnica, Duke of Legnica (d. 1570)
March 3 – Matthias Flacius, Croatian Protestant reformer (d. 1575)^[239]
June 29 – Nicolás Factor, Spanish artist (d. 1583)^[240]
July 27 – Gonzalo II Fernández de Córdoba, Governor of the Duchy of Milan (d. 1578)^[241]
August 1 – King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland (d. 1572)^[242]
August 10 – Madeleine of Valois, queen of James V of Scotland (d. 1537)^[243]
August 21 – Bartholomäus Sastrow, German official (d. 1603)^[244]
August 31 – Heinrich Sudermann, German politician (d. 1591)^[245]
September 13 – William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, English statesman, chief advisor to Queen Elizabeth I (d. 1598)^[246]
October 7 – Alessandro Farnese, Italian cardinal (d. 1589)^[247]
November 10 – Dorothea of Denmark, Electress Palatine, Princess of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (d. 1580)^[248]
December 6 – Barbara Radziwiłł, queen of Poland (d. 1551)^[249]
December 24 – Martha Leijonhufvud, politically active Swedish noble (d. 1584)^[250]
date unknown
- Patriarch Metrophanes III of Constantinople (d. 1580)
- Jean Ribault, French navigator (d. 1565)^[251]
- Vincenzo Galilei, Italian music theorist, lutenist, and composer (d. 1591)^[252]
- Aben Humeya, last independent king of Granada (d. 1568)
- Ijuin Tadaaki, Japanese nobleman (d. 1561)
- Agatha Streicher, German physician (d. 1581)^[253]
- Katarina Bengtsdotter Gylta, Swedish abbess (d. 1593)^[254]
- Johannes Acronius Frisius, German doctor and mathematician (d. 1564)^[255]
probable
- Hans Eworth, Flemish portrait painter (d. 1574)^[256]
- Katharina Gerlachin, German printer (d. 1592)
- Jorge de Montemor, Spanish novelist and poet (d. 1561)^[257]
- Giovanni Battista Moroni, Italian mannerist painter (d. 1578)^[258]

1521

March 21 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony (d. 1553)^[259]
April 5 – Francesco Laparelli, Italian architect (d. 1570)^[260]
April 14 – Johann Marbach, German theologian (d. 1581)^[261]
April 18 – François de Coligny d'Andelot, French general (d. 1569)^[262]
May 8 – Petrus Canisius, Dutch Jesuit (d. 1597)^[263]
May 10 – John Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Coburg, (d. 1553)^[264]
June 8 – Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu, daughter of King Manuel I (d. 1577)^[265]
June 21 – John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev (d. 1580)^[266]
August 4 – Pope Urban VII (d. 1590)^[267]
August 19 – Lodovico Guicciardini, Italian historian (d. 1589)^[268]^[269]
October 1 – Frederick Magnus I, Count of Solms-Laubach, (d. 1561)
November 21 – Edmund Sheffield, 1st Baron Sheffield, English baron (d. 1549)^[270]
November 29 – Marcantonio Maffei, Italian Catholic archbishop and cardinal (d. 1583)^[271]
December 1 – Takeda Shingen, Japanese warlord (d. 1573)
December 13 – Pope Sixtus V (d. 1590)^[272]
date unknown
- Anne Askew, English Protestant martyr (d. 1546)^[273]
- John Aylmer, English divine (d. 1594)^[274]
- Sue Harukata, Japanese retainer and later daimyō under Ōuchi Yoshitaka (d. 1555)^[275]
- Thomas Chaloner, English statesman and poet (d. 1565)^[276]
- Philippe de Monte, Flemish composer (d. 1603)^[277]
- Rokkaku Yoshikata, Japanese daimyō (d. 1598)^[278]
- Thomas Wyatt the Younger, English rebel (d. 1554)^[279]
possible
- Catherine Howard, fifth queen of Henry VIII of England, (b. between 1518 and 1524; d. 1542)^[280]

1522

January 22 – Charles II de Valois, Duke of Orléans, (d. 1545)
February 2
- Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician (d. 1565)
- Francesco Alciati, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1580)
March 10 – Miyoshi Nagayoshi, Japanese samurai and daimyō (d. 1564)
March 22 – Daniel Brendel von Homburg, Roman Catholic archbishop (d. 1582)
March 28 – Albert Alcibiades, German prince (d. 1557)^[281]
April 23 – Catherine of Ricci, Italian prioress (d. 1590)
May 24 – John Jewel, English bishop (d. 1571)
June 1 – Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert, Dutch writer and scholar (d. 1590)
July 5 – Margaret of Austria, regent of the Netherlands (d. 1586)
July 13 – Sophia Jagiellon, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1575)
July 25 – Anna of Lorraine (d. 1568)
July 31 – Charles II de Croÿ, Belgian duke (d. 1551)
August 4 – Udai Singh II, King of Mewar (d. 1572)
August 28 – Severinus of Saxony, Prince of Saxony; died young (d. 1533)
September 11 – Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (d. 1605)
October 4 – Gabriele Paleotti, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1597)
October 14 – Lucas Maius, Lutheran Reformation pastor, theologian and playwright (d. 1598)
November 1 – Andrew Corbet, English landowner and politician (d. 1578)
November 4 – Albert de Gondi, Marshal of France (d. 1602)
November 9 – Martin Chemnitz, Lutheran reformer (d. 1586)
November 18 – Lamoral, Count of Egmont, Flemish general and statesman (d. 1568)
December 16 – Honoré I, Lord of Monaco (d. 1581)
date unknown
- Mihrimah Sultan, Ottoman princess (d. 1578)
- Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, Spanish Jewish rabbi and kabbalist (d. 1570)
- Philothei, Greek saint (d. 1589)
- Jacques Cujas, French legal expert (d. 1590)^[282]
probable
- Emperor Gelawdewos of Ethiopia (d. 1559)
possible
- Catherine Howard, fifth queen of Henry VIII of England, (b. between 1518 and 1524; d. 1542)

1523

January 29 – Enea Vico, Italian engraver (d. 1567)^[283]
February 1 – Francesco Abbondio Castiglioni, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1568)^[284]
February 13 – Valentin Naboth, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1593)^[285]
February 20 – Jan Blahoslav, Czech writer (d. 1571)^[286]
March 14 – Helena Magenbuch, German pharmacist (d. 1597)
March 17 – Giovanni Francesco Commendone, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1584)^[287]
March 21 – Kaspar Eberhard, German theologian (d. 1575)^[288]
April 5 – Blaise de Vigenère, French diplomat and cryptographer (d. 1596)^[289]^[290]
April 21 – Marco Antonio Bragadin, Venetian lawyer and military officer (d. 1571)^[291]
June 5 – Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry (d. 1574)^[292]
July 4 – Pier Francesco Orsini, Italian condottiero and art patron (d. 1583)^[293]
July 18 – Duke George II of Brieg (1547–1586) (d. 1586)^[294]
September 21 – Sancho d'Avila, Spanish general (d. 1583)^[295]
September 22 – Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon, French church leader and pretender to the throne (d. 1590)^[296]
October 10 – Ludwig Rabus, German martyrologist (d. 1592)^[297]
October 11 – Eleonore of Fürstenberg, wife of Philip IV, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1544)
October 18 – Anna Jagiellon, daughter of Sigismund I of Poland (d. 1596)^[298]
date unknown
- Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist and physician (d. 1562)^[299]
- Gaspara Stampa, Italian poet (d. 1554)^[300]
probable
- Crispin van den Broeck, Flemish painter (d. 1591)^[301]
- Francisco Foreiro, Portuguese Dominican theologian and biblist (b. in 1522 or 1523; d. 1581)^[302]
possible – Catherine Howard, fifth queen of Henry VIII of England, (b. between 1518 and 1524; executed 1542)^[303]

1524

February 10 – Albrecht Giese, German politician and diplomat (d. 1580)
February 17 – Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine, French cardinal (d. 1574)
May 28 – Selim II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1574)
June 12 – Achilles Statius, Portuguese humanist (d. 1581)
June 24 – Johann Stössel, German theologian (d. 1576)
August 23 – François Hotman, French Protestant lawyer and writer (d. 1590)^[304]
September 7 – Thomas Erastus, Swiss theologian (d. 1583)
September 11 – Pierre de Ronsard, French poet (d. 1585)
October 4 – Francisco Vallés, Spanish physician (d. 1592)
October 5 – Rani Durgavati, Queen of Gond (d. 1564)
October 9 – Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1586)
October 14 – Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg, Danish princess (d. 1586)
October 16 – Nicolas, Duke of Mercœur, French Catholic bishop (d. 1577)
November 12 – Diego de Landa, Bishop of the Yucatán (d. 1579)
date unknown
- Jan Borukowski, royal secretary of Poland (d. 1584)
- Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron, French soldier (d. 1592)
- Jean Pithou, French lawyer and author (d. 1602); and his twin brother, Nicolas Pithou, French lawyer and author (d. 1598)
- Joseph Nasi, Portuguese Sephardi diplomat and administrator (d. 1579)
- Thomas Tusser, English poet and farmer (d. 1580)
- Luís de Camões, Portuguese poet (d. 1580)^[305]
- Plautilla Nelli, Italian painter (d. 1588)
- Wenceslaus III Adam, Duke of Cieszyn (d. 1579)
- Catherine Carey, cousin of Elizabeth I of England (d. 1569)
- Guyonne de Laval, French Huguenot magnate (d. 1567)
possible
- Catherine Howard, fifth queen of Henry VIII of England, (b. between 1518 and 1524; d. 1542)

1525

January 29 – Lelio Sozzini, Italian Renaissance humanist and anti-Trinitarian reformer (d. 1562)
February 5 – Juraj Drašković, Croatian Catholic cardinal (d. 1587)^[306]
March 19 – Caspar Cruciger the Younger, German theologian (d. 1597)^[307]
March 25 – Richard Edwardes, English choral musician, playwright and poet (d. 1566)
March 26 – Katharina of Hanau, Countess of Wied, German noblewoman (d. 1581)
June 1 – Caspar Peucer, German reformer (d. 1602)^[308]
June 29 – Peter Agricola, German Renaissance humanist, educator, classical scholar, theologian, diplomat and statesman (d. 1585)
September 1 – Christoffer Valkendorff, Danish politician (d. 1601)^[309]
September 11 – John George, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1598)^[310]^[311]
September 25 – Steven Borough, English explorer (d. 1584)^[312]
November 7 – Georg Cracow, German lawyer and politician (d. 1575)^[313]
December 1 – Tadeáš Hájek, Czech astronomer (d. 1600)
December 23 – John Albert I, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1576)^[314]
date unknown – Maharal of Prague, Talmudic scholar, Jewish mystic and philosopher (d. 1609)^[315]
probable
- Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1569)^[316]
- Baldassare Donato, Italian composer and singer (d. 1603)^[317]
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Italian composer (d. 1594)^[318]
- Hans Staden, German soldier and sailor (d. 1579)^[319]

1526

January 1 – Louis Bertrand, Spanish missionary to Latin America, patron saint of Colombia (d. 1581)^[320]
January 20 – Rafael Bombelli, Italian mathematician (d. 1572)^[321]
January 25 – Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (d. 1586)^[322]
February 1 – Niiro Tadamoto, Japanese samurai (d. 1611)
February 2 – Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski, Polish noble (d. 1608)
February 19 – Charles de L'Ecluse, Flemish botanist (d. 1609)^[323]
February 23 – Gonçalo da Silveira, Portuguese Jesuit missionary (d. 1561)^[324]
March 4 – Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (d. 1596)^[325]
March 11 – Heinrich Rantzau, German humanist writer, astrologer, and astrological writer (d. 1598)^[326]
April 5 – Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Italian painter (d. 1593)
April 8 – Elisabeth of Brunswick-Calenberg, Countess of Henneberg (d. 1566)
April 12 – Muretus, French humanist (d. 1585)^[327]
April 29 – Beate Clausdatter Bille, Danish noblewoman (d. 1593)^[328]
June 9 – Matsudaira Hirotada, Japanese daimyō (d. 1549)
June 25 – Elisabeth Parr, Marchioness of Northampton, English noble (d. 1565)
July 9 – Elizabeth of Austria, Polish noble (d. 1545)^[329]
July 10 – Philipe de Croÿ, Duke of Aerschot (d. 1595)^[330]
July 31 – Augustus, Elector of Saxony (d. 1586)^[331]
August 18 – Claude, Duke of Aumale (d. 1573)
August 22 – Adolph of Nassau-Saarbrücken, Count of Nassau (d. 1559)^[332]^[333]
September 23 – Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland (d. 1563)^[334]
September 26 – Wolfgang, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (d. 1569)^[335]
October 1 – Dorothy Stafford, English noble (d. 1604)^[336]
October 30 – Hubert Goltzius, Dutch Renaissance painter-engraver (d. 1583)^[337]
November 1 – Catherine Jagiellon, queen of John III of Sweden (d. 1583)^[338]
November 12 – Andreas Gaill, German jurist and statesman (d. 1587)^[339]
December 12 – Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral (d. 1588)^[340]
December 26 – Rose Lok, English businesswoman and Protestant exile during the Tudor period (d. 1613)^[341]
December 28 – Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach, German princess (d. 1589)^[342]
date unknown
- Kenau Simonsdochter Hasselaer, Dutch war heroine (d. 1588)^[343]
- Ikoma Chikamasa, Japanese daimyō in the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods (d. 1603)
- Azai Hisamasa, Japanese warlord (d. 1573)
probable
- Taqi ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf, Ottoman Muslim scientist (d. 1585)^[344]

1527

March 4 – Ludwig Lavater, Swiss Reformed theologian (d. 1586)
March 5 – Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1603)
March 10 – Alfonso d'Este, Lord of Montecchio, Italian nobleman (d. 1587)
March 21 – Hermann Finck, German composer and music theorist (d. 1558)
March 28 – Isabella Markham, English courtier (d. 1579)
March 31 – Edward Fitton, the elder, Irish politician (d. 1579)
April 14 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (d. 1598)
c. May 1 – Johannes Stadius, German astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (d. 1579)
May 21 – Philip II, King of Spain (d. 1598)^[345]
May 31 – Agnes of Hesse, German noble, by marriage, Princess of Saxony (d. 1555)
June 11 – Anna Sophia of Prussia, Duchess of Prussia and Duchess of Mecklenburg (d. 1591)
June 24 – Jean Vendeville, French law professor, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1592)
July 8 – Saitō Yoshitatsu, Japanese daimyō (d. 1561)
July 13 – John Dee, English mathematician, astronomer, and geographer (d. 1608)^[346]
July 31 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1576)
August 10 – Barbara of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brieg, German princess (d. 1595)
September 29 – John Lesley, Scottish bishop (d. 1596)
October 2 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1579)
October 15 – Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal (d. 1545)
October 21 – Louis I, Cardinal of Guise, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1578)
November 1
- Pedro de Ribadeneira, Spanish hagiologist (d. 1611)
- William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham, English noble and politician (d. 1597)
November 3 – Tilemann Heshusius, Gnesio-Lutheran theologian (d. 1588)
November 18 – Luca Cambiasi, Italian painter (d. 1585)
December 6 – Bernhard VIII, Count of Lippe (d. 1563)
December 23 – Hugues Doneau, French lawyer (d. 1591)
date unknown
- Luis de León, Spanish lyric poet and mystic (d. 1591)
- Annibale Padovano, Italian composer and organist (d. 1575)
probable
- John Dudley, 2nd Earl of Warwick, English nobleman (d. 1554)
- Lawrence Humphrey, English clergyman and educator (d. 1590)

1528

February 29
- Domingo Báñez, Spanish theologian (d. 1604)
- Albert V, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1579)
March 10 – Akechi Mitsuhide, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1582)
March 25 – Jakob Andreae, German theologian (d. 1590)
June 7 – Cyriacus Spangenberg, German theologian and historian (d. 1604)
June 21 – Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1603)
June 29 – Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1589)
July 7 – Archduchess Anna of Austria, Duchess of Bavaria (d. 1590)
July 8 – Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (d. 1580)
July 26 – Diego Andrada de Payva, Portuguese theologian (d. 1575)
August 10 – Eric II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1584)
September 25 – Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg (d. 1603)
October 4? – Francisco Guerrero, Spanish composer (d. 1599)
October 10 – Adam Lonicer, German botanist (d. 1586)
November 2 – Petrus Lotichius Secundus, German Neo-Latin poet (d. 1560)
November 6 – Gabriel Goodman, Dean of Westminster (d. 1601)
November 12 – Qi Jiguang, Chinese military general (d. 1588)
November 14 – Francisco Pérez de Valenzuela, Spanish noble (d. 1599)
November 16 – Jeanne d'Albret, Queen of Navarre (d. 1572)^[347]
November 29 – Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu, English politician (d. 1592)
date unknown
- Igram van Achelen, Dutch statesman (d. 1604)
- Adam von Bodenstein, Swiss alchemist and physician (d. 1577)
- Jean-Jacques Boissard, French antiquary and Latin poet (d. 1602)
- Andrey Kurbsky, Russian writer (d. 1583)
- George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, English statesman (d. 1590)
- Phùng Khắc Khoan, Vietnamese military strategist, politician, diplomat and poet (d. 1613)
- Sabina, Duchess of Bavaria (d. 1578)
- Sakuma Nobumori, Japanese retainer and samurai (d. 1582)
- Tanegashima Tokitaka, Japanese daimyō (d. 1579)
- Thomas Whythorne, English musician and author (d. 1595)
probable
- Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick, English general (d. 1590)
- Paul de Foix, French diplomat (d. 1584)
- Jean de Ligne, Duke of Arenberg, stadtholder of the Dutch provinces of Friesland (d. 1568)
- Costanzo Porta, Italian composer (d. 1601)

1529

January 8 – John Frederick II, Duke of Saxony (d. 1595)
January 13 – Ebba Månsdotter, Swedish noble (d. 1609)
February 14 – Markus Fugger, German businessman (d. 1597)
February 23 – Onofrio Panvinio, Augustinian historian (d. 1568)
April 3 – Michael Neander, German mathematician and historian (d. 1581)
April 25 – Francesco Patrizi, Italian philosopher and scientist (d. 1597)
May 12 – Sabina of Brandenburg-Ansbach, German princess (d. 1575)
June 7 – Étienne Pasquier, French lawyer, poet and author (d. 1615)
June 14 – Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria, regent of Tyrol and Further Austria (d. 1595)
July 16 – Petrus Peckius the Elder, Dutch jurist, writer on international maritime law (d. 1589)
July 20 – Henry Sidney, lord deputy of Ireland (d. 1586)^[348]
July 24 – Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (d. 1577)
August 10 – Ernst Vögelin, German publisher (d. 1589)
September 1 – Taddeo Zuccari, Italian painter (d. 1566)
September 25 – Günther XLI, Count of Schwarzburg-Arnstadt (d. 1583)
October 26 – Anna of Hesse, Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken (d. 1591)
December 11 – Fulvio Orsini, Italian humanist historian (d. 1600)
December 16 – Laurent Joubert, French physician (d. 1582)
date unknown
- Titu Cusi, Inca ruler of Vilcabamba (d. 1571)
- Giambologna, Italian sculptor (d. 1608)
- Michał Wiśniowiecki, Ruthenian prince at Wiśniowiec (d. 1584)
- George Puttenham, English critic (d. 1590)

Deaths

1520

January 10 – Jo Gwang-jo, Korean philosopher (b. 1482)
February 3 – Sten Sture the Younger, Viceroy of Sweden (b. 1493)^[349]
February 7 – Alfonsina de' Medici, née Orsini, Regent of Florence (b. 1472)^[350]
April 6 – Raphael, Italian painter and architect (b. 1483)^[351]
May 22 – Jan Lubrański, Polish bishop (b. 1456)^[352]
June 24 – Hosokawa Sumimoto, Japanese samurai commander (b. 1489)
June 29 – Moctezuma II, 9th Tlatoani (emperor) of the Aztecs, assassinated or possibly killed in a riot, 1502-1520 (b. 1466)^[353]
August 6 – Kunigunde of Austria, Archduchess of Austria (b. 1465)^[354]
September 3 – Ippolito d'Este, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1479)^[355]^[356]
September 22 – Selim I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1470)^[357]
October – Cuitláhuac, 10th Tlatoani (emperor) of the Aztecs, 1520, brother of Moctezuma II, smallpox (b. c. 1476)^[358]
November 9 – Bernardo Dovizi, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1470)^[359]
date unknown
- Cacamatzin, king of Texcoco (altepetl) (modern Mexico) (b. 1483)^[360]
- Ratna Malla, first Raja of Kantipur^[361]
- Visoun, king of Lan Xang (b. 1465)^[362]
- Sheikh Hamdullah, Ottoman calligrapher (b. 1436)^[363]
- Clara Tott, German court singer (b. 1440)
probable – Filippo de Lurano, Italian composer (b. 1475)^[364]

1521

January 6 – Cardinal William de Croÿ (b. 1497)^[365]
January 15 – John II, Duke of Cleves (b. 1458)^[366]
April 20 – Zhengde Emperor of China (b. 1491)^[367]
April 24 – Spanish rebels (executed)^[41]
- Juan López de Padilla
- Juan Bravo
- Francisco Maldonado
April 27 – Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese explorer (b. 1480)^[368]
April 28 – Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon (b. 1491)^[369]
May 10 – Sebastian Brant, German humanist and satirist (b. 1457)^[370]
May 17 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham (executed) (b. 1478)^[46]
June 15 – Tamás Bakócz, Hungarian Catholic cardinal and statesman (b. 1442)^[371]
June 22 – Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (b. 1436)^[372]
July – Juan Ponce de León, Spanish conquistador (b. 1460)^[373]
July 9 – Raffaele Riario, Italian cardinal (b. 1461)^[374]
August 27 – Josquin des Prez, Flemish composer (b. c. 1450)^[375]
September 12 – In the Italian War, the Holy Roman Empire abandons its siege of the French-controlled city of Parma after 17 days.^[376]
September 15 –
- Gazi Husrev Bey replaces Bali-beg Jahjapašić as the Ottoman Governor of Bosnia.
- Teodosie becomes the new Voivode of Wallachia, at the capital, Targoviste, now in Romania.
October 7 – Margaret of Anhalt-Köthen, Princess of Anhalt by birth, Duchess consort of Saxony (b. 1494)^[377]
October 22 – Edward Poynings, Lord Deputy to King Henry VII of England (b. 1459)^[378]
October 24 – Robert Fayrfax, English Renaissance composer (b. 1464)^[379]
November 2 – Margaret of Lorraine, French Duchess of Alençon, Roman Catholic nun and blessed (b. 1463)^[380]
December 1 – Pope Leo X (b. 1475)^[381]
December 13 – King Manuel I of Portugal (b. 1469)^[382]
December 21 – Domenico Spadafora, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1450)^[383]

1521 in art
March–April: Ferdinand Magellan's voyage around the world.
May 25: Martin Luther outlawed.
Hans Maler zu Schwaz, Portrait of a beardless man with the inscription:
"ALS MAN. 1521. ZALT. WAS. ICH. 33. IAR ALT"
(mutatis mutandis to English: "as we had in 1521, I was 33 years old)
Lorenzo Lotto, Christ Taking Leave of His Mother

1522

January 25 – Raffaello Maffei, Italian theologian (b. 1451)
January 29 – Wolfgang I of Oettingen, German count (b. 1455)
February 25 – William Lilye, English classical scholar (b. c. 1468)
April – Queen Eleni of Ethiopia
April 10 – Francesco Cattani da Diacceto, Italian philosopher (b. 1466)
June 13 – Piero Soderini, Florentine statesman (b. 1450)^[384]
June 24 – Elisabeth of the Palatinate, Landgravine of Hesse, German noble (b. 1483)
June 25 – Franchinus Gaffurius, Italian composer (b. 1451)
June 30 – Johann Reuchlin, German humanist and Hebrew scholar (b. 1455)
August 28 – Giovanni Antonio Amadeo, sculptor, engineer and architect
September – Gavin Douglas, Scottish poet and bishop (b. c. 1474)
October 30 – Jean Mouton, French composer (b. c. 1459)
November 14 – Anne of France, Princess and Regent of France (b. 1461)^[385]
date unknown – Fiorenzo di Lorenzo, Italian painter (b. 1440)

1523

January 17 – Elisabeth of Hesse-Marburg, German landgravine (b. 1466)^[386]^[387]
February 4 – Thomas Ruthall, English chancellor of the University of Cambridge^[388]
March 28 – Louis I, Count of Löwenstein, founder of the House of Löwenstein-Wertheim (b. 1463)
April 6 – Henry Stafford, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, English nobleman (b. 1479)^[389]
May 7
- Antonio Grimani, Italian admiral and Doge of Venice (b. 1434)^[390]
- Franz von Sickingen, German knight (b. 1481)^[391]
May 23 – Ashikaga Yoshitane, Japanese shōgun (b. 1466)^[392]^{[unreliable source?]}
May 24 – Henry Marney, 1st Baron Marney, English politician (b. 1447)^[393]
July 1 – Jan van Essen and Hendrik Vos, Flemish Lutheran martyrs^[110]
July 7 – Wijerd Jelckama, Frisian rebel and warlord (b. 1490)
August 13 – Gerard David, Flemish artist (b. c. 1455)^[394]
August 27 – Domenico Grimani, Italian nobleman (b. 1461)^[395]
August 29 – Ulrich von Hutten, Lutheran reformer (b. 1488)^[396]
September 14 – Pope Adrian VI (b. 1459)^[397]
October 2 – Alessandro Alessandri, Italian jurist (b. 1461)^[398]
October 5 – Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania (1474–1523) (b. 1454)^[399]
October 11 – Bartolomeo Montagna, Italian painter (b. 1450)^[400]
October – William Cornysh, English composer (b. 1465)^[401]
November 10 – Lachlan Cattanach Maclean, 11th Chief, Scottish clan chief (b. 1465)^[402]
date unknown – Pietro Perugino, Italian painter (b. 1446)^[403]^[404]

1524

January 5 – Marko Marulić, Croatian poet (b. 1450)
January 6 – Amalie of the Palatinate, duchess consort of Pomerania (b. 1490)
February 10 – Catherine of Saxony, Archduchess of Austria (b. 1468)
February 11 – Isabella of Aragon, Duchess of Milan, daughter of King Alfonso II of Naples (b. 1470)
February 20 – Tecun Uman, Kʼicheʼ Mayan ruler (b. c. 1500)
March 28
- Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Württemberg (b. 1451)
- Ingrid Persdotter, Swedish nun and letter writer
April 14 – William Conyers, 1st Baron Conyers, English baron (b. 1468)
April 30 – Pierre Terrail, seigneur de Bayard, French soldier (b. 1473)
May 17 – Francesco Soderini, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1453)
May 21 – Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, English soldier and statesman (b. 1443)
May 23 – Ismail I, Safavid dynasty Shah of Persia (b. 1487)
May 31 – Camilla Battista da Varano, Italian Roman Catholic nun and saint (b. 1458)
June 12 – Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, Spanish conquistador (b. 1465)
July 9 – Sibylle of Brandenburg, Duchess of Jülich and Berg (b. 1467)
July 20 – Claude of France, queen consort of Francis I of France (b. 1499)
August 4 – Helen of the Palatinate, Duchess of Pomerania (b. 1493)
August 24 – Sir William Scott, English Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1459)
September 18 – Charlotte of Valois, French princess (b. 1516)
October 5 – Joachim Patinir, Flemish landscape painter (b. c. 1480)
October 20 – Thomas Linacre, English humanist and physician (b. 1460)
October 26 – Philip II, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1486–1524) (b. 1453)
November 12 – Juan Rodríguez de Fonseca, Spanish archbishop and courtier (b. 1451)
December 24 – Vasco da Gama, Portuguese explorer (b. c. 1469)^[405]
date unknown
- Hans Holbein the Elder, German painter (b. 1460)
- Andrea Solari, Italian painter (b. 1460)
- Tang Yin, Chinese painter (b. 1470)

1525

January 14 – Franciabigio, Florentine painter (b. 1482)^[406]
February 24 (in action at the Battle of Pavia)
- Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet, French soldier (b. c. 1488)^[407]^[408]
- Jacques de La Palice, French nobleman and military officer (b. 1470)^[409]
- Richard de la Pole, last Yorkist claimant to the English throne (b. 1480)^[410]
- Louis II de la Trémoille, French military leader (b. 1460)^[411]
- Bartolomeo Fanfulla, Italian mercenary (b. 1477)
- René de Brosse, French noble^[412]
February 28 – Cuauhtémoc, last Tlatoani of the Aztec Empire (b. c. 1495)^[413]
April 2 or April 3 – Giovanni di Bernardo Rucellai, Italian Renaissance man of letters (b. 1475)^[414]
May 5 – Frederick III, Elector of Saxony (b. 1463)^[415]
May 12 – Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburgian royal (b. 1485)^[416]
May 18 – Pietro Pomponazzi, Italian philosopher (b. 1462)^[417]
May 27 – Thomas Müntzer, German pastor and rebel leader (b. 1489) (executed)^[418]
July 5 – Johann of Brandenburg-Ansbach, Viceroy of Valencia, German noble (b. 1493)
July 22 – Richard Wingfield, English diplomat (b. c. 1456)^[419]
August 4 – Andrea della Robbia, Italian artist (b. 1435)^[420]
October 24 – Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre, Knight of Henry VIII of England (b. 1467)^[421]
November 17 – Eleanor of Viseu, queen of João II of Portugal (b. 1458)
December 30 – Jakob Fugger, German banker (b. 1459)^[422]
probable
- Jean Lemaire de Belges, Walloon poet and historian (b. 1473)^[423]
- Anna Bielke, Swedish noble and commander (b. 1490)^[424]

1526

January 16 – Catherine of the Palatinate, Abbess of Neuburg am Neckar (b. 1499)^[425]
January 19 – Isabella of Burgundy, queen of Christian II of Denmark (b. 1501)^[426]
February 23 – Diego Colón, Spanish Viceroy of the Indies (b. c. 1479)^[427]
March 24 – Adolph II, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, German prince (b. 1458)^[428]
March 30 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist (b. 1471)^[429]
April 21 – Ibrahim Lodi, last Sultan of Delhi (in battle)^[430]
April 25 – Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester (b. 1460)^[431]
May 19 – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara of Japan (b. 1464)
June 4 – Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 2nd Duke of Alburquerque, Spanish duke (b. 1467)^[432]
July 14 – John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford, English noble (b. 1499)^[433]
July 30 – García Jofre de Loaísa, Spanish explorer (b. 1490)^[434]
August 4 – Juan Sebastián Elcano, Spanish explorer (b. 1476)^[435]
August 29 – King Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia (in battle) (b. 1506)^[183]
September 5 – Alonso de Salazar, Spanish explorer
October 18 – Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón, Spanish explorer (b. 1480)^[436]
November 5 – Scipione del Ferro, Italian mathematician (b. 1465)^[437]
November 30 – Giovanni dalle Bande Nere, Italian condottiero (b. 1498)

December 12 – Le Chieu Tong, Emperor of Đại Việt, was killed by Mạc Đăng Dung (b. 1506)

Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad, sultan of Adal (assassinated)
Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, founder of the Spanish colony of Nicaragua (b. c. 1475)^[438]
Ingerd Erlendsdotter, noblewoman and landowner
Binnya Ran II, Burmese king of Hanthawaddy (b. 1469)^[439]
Conrad Grebel, co-founder of the Anabaptist movement (b. 1498)^[440]

1527

January 5 – Felix Manz, leader of the Swiss Anabaptists (executed) (b. 1498)
January 21 – Juan de Grijalva, Spanish conqueror (b. 1489)
March 14 – Shwenankyawshin, Burmese king of Ava (b. 1476)
March 17 – Rana Sanga, Indian ruler (b. 1484)
April 19
- Christoph I, Margrave of Baden-Baden (b. 1453)
- Henry Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland (b. 1477)
April/May – Sir Thomas Docwra, English Grand Prior of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1458)
May 6 – Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, Count of Montpensier and Dauphin of Auvergne (b. 1490)
June 21 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian writer and statesman (b. 1469)^[441]
June 28 – Bernardo de' Rossi, Italian bishop (b. 1468)
July 28 – Rodrigo de Bastidas, Spanish conqueror and explorer (b. c. 1460)
July 31 – Anna Swenonis, Swedish manuscript illuminator
August 16 – Leonhard Kaiser, German Lutheran theologian and reformer (executed) (b. c. 1480)
September 21 – Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, Margrave of Bayreuth (b. 1481)
October 27 – Johann Froben, Swiss printer and publisher (b. c. 1460)
November 15 – Catherine of York, English princess (b. 1479)^[442]
November 8 – Jerome Emser, German theologian (b. 1477)
date unknown
- Francesco Colonna, Italian Dominican priest (b. 1433)
- Luisa de Medrano, Spanish scholar (b. 1484)
- Div Sultan Rumlu, Persian military leader
- Petrus Thaborita, Frisian historian and monk (b. c. 1450)
- Cristoforo Solari, Italian sculptor and architect (b. c. 1460)
- Jan "Ciężki" Tarnowski, Polish nobleman (b. c. 1479)
- Huayna Capac, Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire (b. 1493)
- Ludovico Vicentino degli Arrighi, Italian calligrapher and type designer (b. 1475)
probable – Jane Shore, mistress of King Edward IV of England

1528

January 30 – Maharana Sangram Singh, Rana of Mewar (b. 1484)
February 29 – Patrick Hamilton, Scottish religious reformer (martyred) (b. 1504)
March 10 – Balthasar Hübmaier, influential German/Moravian Anabaptist leader (b. 1480)
April 1 – Francisco de Peñalosa, Spanish composer (b. c. 1470)
April 6 – Albrecht Dürer, German artist, writer, and mathematician (b. 1471)^[443]
July – Palma il Vecchio, Italian painter (b. 1480)
August 15 – Odet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec, French military leader (b. 1485)
August 20 – Georg von Frundsberg, German knight and landowner (b. 1473)
August 23 – Louis, Count of Vaudémont, Italian bishop (b. 1500)
August 31 – Matthias Grünewald, German artist (b. 1470)
September – Pánfilo de Narváez, Spanish conqueror and soldier in the Americas (b. 1480)
October 5 – Richard Foxe, English churchman (b. c. 1448)
October 18 – Michele Antonio, Marquess of Saluzzo (b. 1495)
October 21 – Johann of Schwarzenberg, German judge and poet (b. 1463)
November 17 – Jakob Wimpfeling, Renaissance humanist (b. 1450)
December 7 – Margaret of Saxony, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1469)
date unknown
- Giovanni da Verrazzano, Italian explorer (b. 1485)
- Peter Vischer the Younger, German sculptor (b. 1487)
- Mahmud Shah of Malacca, Malaccan sultan
- Daljunkern, Swedish rebel leader who may have been pretender Nils Sture (b. 1512)
- Barbro Stigsdotter, Swedish noblewoman and heroine (b. 1472)
- Guru Ravidas, (b. 1377)

1529

January 7 – Peter Vischer the Elder, German sculptor (b. 1455)
January 9 – Wang Yangming, Chinese Neo-Confucian scholar (b. 1472)
January 29 – Ōuchi Yoshioki, Japanese daimyo (b. 1477)
February 2 – Baldassare Castiglione, Italian writer and diplomat (b. 1478)
February 4 – Ludwig Haetzer, German Protestant reformer (executed) (b. 1500)
March 28 – Philipp II, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg (b. 1501)
April 20 – Silvio Passerini, Italian cardinal and lord of Florence (b. 1469)
May 12 – Cecily Bonville, 7th Baroness Harington (b. c. 1460)
June 21 – John Skelton, English poet (b. c. 1460)
September 6 – George Blaurock, Swiss founder of the Anabaptist Church (b. 1491)
September 27 – George of the Palatinate, German nobleman; Bishop of Speyer (1513–1529) (b. 1486)
November 20 – Karl von Miltitz, German papal nuncio (b. c. 1490)
date unknown
- Krishnadevaraya, Vijaynagar emperor
- Richard Pynson, Norman-born English printer (b. 1448)
- Andrea Sansovino, Italian sculptor (b. 1467)
- Petrus Särkilahti, Finnish Lutheran and scientist
- Paulus Aemilius Veronensis, Italian historian (b. 1455)
probable – Lo Spagna, Italian painter
possible – La Malinche, Nahua (native Mexican) interpreter and translator for Hernán Cortés, during the Conquest of Mexico

References

Loading content...

Loading related searches...

Wikiwand - on

Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.