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Policy on permits required to enter Russia and the occupied territories of Ukraine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The visa policy of Russia deals with the requirements which a foreign national wishing to enter the Russian Federation must meet to obtain a visa, which is a permit to travel to, enter, and remain in the country. Visa exemptions are based on bilateral or multilateral agreements.
Russia has agreements with scores of countries whose citizens are either exempt from visas or can apply for an electronic visa (e-Visa).
Citizens of countries without such an agreement with Russia must obtain a visa in advance from a Russian diplomatic mission or visa center.
Foreign citizens, while in the territory of Russia, must comply with the legislation of Russia, including requirements of customs, border and immigration regimes, rules of travel finance, registration, internal movement within the territory of Russia and extensions of stay.
Nothing limits the right of competent authorities of Russia to deny entry or to shorten the period of stay in the territory of Russia for foreign citizens.
Foreign citizens may enter into the territory of Russia through the border-crossing points open to international passenger traffic.
As of 11 June 2020, Russia has 386 checkpoints.[1] across the state border of Russia.[2]
Citizens of third countries are not allowed to cross the Belarus–Russia land border due to a lack of international border crossing points, because passports must be stamped.[3][4]
Entry will be allowed through the road checkpoints on the border between Russia and Belarus in 2021:[5]
Residents of the border areas of Kazakhstan who visit the territory of the border areas of Russia up to three days can enter Russia through checkpoints, which are specially installed for residents of border areas.[6][7][8]
Holders of ordinary passports of the following countries and territories may enter Russia without a visa if the duration of their visit does not exceed the visa-free limit specified below (except for citizens of Belarus and South Ossetia, who have the right to unlimited visa-free entry to Russia).[9][10][11]
From 2014, resetting the allowed period by leaving and re-entering the country is no longer allowed. Overstaying up to 180 days is punishable by a 3-year entry ban, 180–270 days by a 5-year entry ban, and over 270 days by a 10-year entry ban.[12]
Freedom of movement
90 days
60 days 30 days 14 days |
ID - May enter with a national ID card in lieu of a passport.
ID(KZ) - May enter with a national ID card in lieu of a passport if arriving directly from Kazakhstan.
TD - May enter with a "Travel Document in Lieu of National Passport" in lieu of a passport.
1 - 90 days within any 1-year period.
2 - 90 days within any 365-day period.
3 - 90 days within any 180-day period.
4 - 60 days within any 180-day period.
5 - 30 days within any 60-day period.
Date of visa changes |
---|
Citizens of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan have never required a visa to enter the Russian Federation.
Cancelled: As the Soviet Union:
As the Russian Federation:
|
Citizens of China may visit Russia without a visa for up to 15 days and citizens of Iran may visit Russia without a visa for up to 15 days during one trip, but no more than 90 days within any 180-day period if traveling as part of a tour group from 5 to 50 persons that is accompanied by a representative of a tour operator registered in both countries (Russia-China, Russia-Iran). |
On 19 June 2020, Russia and Belarus have signed an agreement on mutual recognition of visas.[64]
After ratification, visa-free entry will be available for holders of a valid visa or residence permit of Belarus.[65]
Since May 2009, international tourists entering by regular ferry via several ports have been able to stay in Russia visa-free for up to 72 hours, provided that they spend the night on-board or in accommodation specifically approved by the travel agency.[66]
In addition, tourists entering by tourist cruise ships can leave the ship visa-free on tours organized by any authorized local tour company, when entering Russia through the ports of Anadyr, Kaliningrad, Korsakov, Novorossiysk, Murmansk, Sevastopol, Sochi, Saint Petersburg (Big port Saint Petersburg and Passenger Port of St. Petersburg), Vladivostok, Vyborg, Zarubino.[67][68]
Entry to the port of St. Petersburg by regular ferry can be done only from the ports of Tallinn (Estonia) or Helsinki (Finland). It is also possible to travel visa-free for 72 hours from the port of Stockholm with the stop in Helsinki.[69][70]
Local border traffic
From 6 June 2013, residents of the border areas of Latvia who have a permit for local border traffic can visit the border areas of Russia without a visa. From 16 December 2018, amendments to the current agreement entered into force. The procedure for obtaining a permit was simplified, total period of stay (within 180 days) was canceled, and the stamping of travel documents at the border crossing was canceled.[75]
From 29 May 2012, residents of the border areas of Norway who have a permit for local border traffic can visit the border areas of Russia without a visa. From 4 March 2017, the Protocol on amendments to the current agreement entered into force – residents of area of Neiden received the right to receive a permit for local border traffic.[77][78]
The territory covered by the agreement with Norway | |
---|---|
Norway | Finnmark county: Sør-Varanger Municipality, within a zone of 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the border + the Neiden village area. |
Russia | Pechengsky District: Korzunovo municipality, Zapolyarny municipality and the territory of Pechenga municipality and Nickel municipality within a zone of 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the border. |
Visa is not required for crew members of airlines, sea crew, river crew, rail crew that have a bilateral agreement with the Russian government exempting crew members from visa requirements.[79]
Citizens of following countries may visit Russia without a visa if they are travelling as part of the airline crew: Afghanistan, Algeria, Austria,[80] Belgium,[81] Bulgaria,[82] Canada,[83] China,[84] Croatia,[85] Cyprus,[86] Czech Republic,[87] Denmark,[88] Egypt, Ethiopia,[89] Finland,[90] France,[91] Germany, Greece,[92] Iceland,[93] India,[94] Iraq, Italy,[95] Japan, Jordan,[96] Latvia,[97] Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg,[98] Malta, Netherlands,[99] North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway,[100] Oman,[101] Poland,[102] Portugal,[103] Qatar, Romania, Singapore, Spain,[104] Sri Lanka,[105] Sweden,[106] Switzerland, Turkmenistan,[107] United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam.[108]
Russian Government has instructed the Foreign Ministry to sign an agreement with Georgia,[109] and Tunisia.[110]
Citizens of following countries may visit Russia without a visa if they are travelling as part of the sea crew: Bulgaria,[82]
China,1[84]
Croatia,[85]
Cyprus,[86]
DR Congo,
Egypt,
France,[91]
Iran,[111]
Iraq,
Lithuania,[112]
North Korea,
Poland,[102]
Tunisia,[113]
Turkey
Turkmenistan,[112][114]
Vietnam.[108]
Citizens of following countries may visit Russia without a visa if they are travelling as part of the railway crew: China,[84] North Korea, Turkmenistan.[115]
Passengers travelling through international airports do not need a visa for a transit of less than 24 hours in most circumstances,[116] provided a confirmed onward ticket is held and the traveller remains in the international transit area (without clearing regular passport control). A transit visa is needed when transiting Russia to/from Belarus.
The following international Russian airports do not have international transit areas, meaning a transit visa is required to connect there:
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In accordance with a treaty between Russia and Finland, though there are passport controls at borders, a visa is not required for just passing through the Russian part of the Saimaa canal without leaving the vessel.[117]
The road from Värska to Ulitina in Estonia, traditionally the only road to the Ulitina area, goes through Russian territory for one kilometre (0.6 mi) of its length, an area called Saatse Boot. This road has no border control, but there is no connection to any other road in Russia. It is not permitted to stop or walk along the road. This area is a part of Russia but is also a de facto part of the Schengen area.[118]
Under reciprocal agreements, holders of diplomatic or various categories of service passports (consular, official, service, special) of the following countries and territories may enter and remain in Russia without a visa for the following period:[10]
C - Consular passports
D - Diplomatic passports
O - Official passports
S - Service passports
Sp - Special passports
1 - 90 days within any 365-day period.
2 - 90 days within any 180-day period.
3 - With the right of multiple entry and exit.
4 - Applies only to employees of official institutions operating in the territory of a contracting parties and their families.
Currently, visa exemption for holders of diplomatic passports of European Union member states, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland have been suspended.[119]
Among citizens of countries whose citizens do not normally require a visa, holders of diplomatic or service passports of Israel require a visa.[120]
Russia has signed visa exemption agreements with the following countries, but they have not yet entered into force:
Country | Passports | Days |
---|---|---|
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Diplomatic, service | 90 days within any 180-day period |
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All | 30 days |
![]() |
All | 90 days within any 180-day period |
Russia is considering visa exemption agreements or visa policy improvements for the following countries:
In addition, Russia is currently in talks with Gulf countries as well as other countries to establish visa exemption agreements.[133]
From 8 August 2017, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia started to implement the e-Visa Program.
Citizens of the 18 countries[Note 16] could apply an e-Visa to visit to regions in the Far Eastern Federal District.[134]
From 8 June 2019, citizens of Taiwan were added to the list for Far East.[135]
From 1 July 2019, citizens of the 54 countries could apply for single-entry business, humanitarian and tourist visas to visit the Kaliningrad region.[136]
From 1 October 2019, electronic visa have become valid for Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast.[137]
On 24 January 2020, the new list for the Far Eastern e-Visa was approved.[Note 17][138]
Thus, the list of countries has become uniform for all regions where an electronic visa is applied.
On 6 October 2020, in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2571/2020, the list of States was approved.[139] These are all the countries whose citizens were allowed to enter Russia with an electronic visa as part of the pilot project. The e-Visa is a single entry visa, which is valid for a period of 60 days from the date of issue, and which allows a period of stay in the Russian Federation of up to 16 days from the date of entry.
Unified e-Visa was scheduled to be introduced in Russia on 1 January 2021 but the program was temporarily suspended because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[140]
Russia started issuing e-Visas on 1 August 2023.[141]
The 16-day e-Visa is issued for private or business visit, tourism, as well as for participating in scientific, cultural, socio-political, economic, sporting events. The application can be submitted no earlier than 40 days and no later than 4 days before the expected date of entry.
E-Visa applications will be processed within no more than 4 calendar days from the date of application. The consular fee is 40 USD (children under 6 years of age get a visa free of charge).[142]
E-Visa allows arrival and departure only through the following border crossing points:[143][144]
Airports (51)
Seaports (12)
Railways (8)
Roads (24)
Mixed (3)
River (1)
Pedestrians (1)
Citizens of the following countries and territories may obtain an e-Visa:[145][146]
|
1 - Visa exemption in general.
2 - Available for holders of non-biometric passports.
The APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) is a travel document issued to business travellers who are citizens of APEC participating economies. Valid for five years, the card eliminates the need for its holder to possess a visa when visiting other APEC participating economies.
From 1 June 2013,[147] holders of passports issued by the following countries who possess an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) containing the "RUS" code on the reverse that it is valid for travel may enter Russia without a visa for business trips for up to 90 days within any 180-day period.[148]
ABTCs are issued to citizens of:[149]
Several closed cities in Russia require special authorization.
In accordance with the Government Decree of 1992, 19 areas of the Russian Federation are closed to foreigners without special permits.[150] This restriction does not apply to Russian citizens.
A full list of such areas:
As of 2024, Crimea and parts of Donetsk, Kharkiv, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia regions are under Russian control and Russia enforces its visa policy there.[citation needed]
The Government of Ukraine strictly prohibits the entry and transit of foreign citizens to the occupied territories. Foreign citizens who entered the occupied territories without permission will be denied entry and transit to Ukraine.[citation needed]
The Russian Federation has visa waiver agreements with 150 jurisdictions. In the table, red indicates agreements signed but not ratified or temporarily not applied, fully or partially suspended agreements are indicated in yellow.
Country or territory | Duration of stay by type of passport | Date of signing | Effective date | Citation | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diplomatic | Service Official Special Consular |
Ordinary | ||||
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90 days | 2 Oct 2009 | 26 Apr 2011 | [151] | ||
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90 days | 7 Apr 1993 | 6 Aug 1993 | [152] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 19 Feb 2018 | 6 Feb 2019 | [153] | ||
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90 days within any 365-day period | 5 Dec 2019 | 25 Nov 2020 | [154] | ||
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90 days | 26 Feb 1999 | 16 Jun 2006 | [155] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 7 Jun 2019 | 22 Oct 2019 | [156] | ||
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3 months | 16 May 1994 | 29 Sep 1994 | [157] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 11 Mar 2009 18 Mar 2009 |
29 Jun 2009 | [158] | |||
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Unspecified period | 25 Sep 2000 | 25 Sep 2000[159] | [160][161] | ||
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Unspecified period | 3 Jul 1997 | 4 May 1998 | [162] | ||
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90 days within any 180 day-period | 16 Dec 2015 | 26 Jun 2016 | [163] | ||
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30 days | 22 Sep 2016 | 12 Feb 2017 | [164] | ||
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Unspecified period | 30 Nov 2000 | 30 Nov 2000[165] | [166] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 23 Sep 2021 | 12 Jan 2022 | [167] | ||
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90 days | 21 Jun 2001 | 20 Aug 2001 | [168] | ||
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3 month | 11 Apr 1995 | 24 Apr 1997 | [169] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 12 Apr 2016 | 3 Oct 2016 | [170] | |||
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90 days | 30 days within any 60-day period | 31 May 2013 | 20 Oct 2013 | [171] | |
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90 days | 10 Feb 2005 | 11 Apr 2005 | [172] | ||
30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 6 Jun 2019 | 8 Oct 2019 | [173] | |||
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90 days | 16 Apr 19912 | 16 May 1991 | [174] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 26 Nov 2008 | 7 Jun 2010 | [175] | |||
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14 days | 7 Oct 2009 12 Oct 20092 |
11 Nov 2009 | [176] | ||
14 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 8 Nov 2017 | 8 Jan 2018 | [177] | |||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 90 days within any 180-day period | 5 Mar 2002 | 7 May 2002 | [178] | |
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90 days | 2 Mar 2000 | 2 Mar 2000 | [179] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 6 Feb 2018 | 30 Jun 2018 | [180] | ||
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90 days | 14 Jul 1995 | 12 Sep 1995 | [181] | ||
60 days1 | 30 Apr 2019 | 4 Jul 2020 | [182] | |||
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90 days | 17 Mar 1988 | 28 May 1988 | [183] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 27 Jul 2023 | 9 May 2024 | [184] | ||
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3 months | 14 Feb 1995 | 1 Oct 1996 | [185] | ||
3 months | 4 Oct 2002 | 12 Feb 2004 | [186] | |||
90 days within any 180-day period | 24 Sep 2010 | 18 Jan 2011 | [187] | |||
![]() |
30 days | 22 Mar 2013 | 26 Apr 2014 | [188] | ||
15 days for tourist groups4 | 29 Feb 2000 | 9 Nov 2000 | [189] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 26 Nov 1997 | 28 Mar 1998 | [190] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 24 Sep 2010 | 13 Mar 2011 | [191] | |||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 27 Jul 2023 | [192] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 18 Dec 2014 | 1 Jan 2016 | [193] | ||
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3 month | 16 Oct 1997 | 1 May 1998 | [194] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 3 May 2018 28 May 2018 |
25 May 2019 | [195] | |||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 90 days within any 180-day period | 2 Mar 2010 | 31 Mar 2013 | [196][197][198] | |
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90 days within any 180 day period | 22 May 2018 | 21 Dec 2018 | [199] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any half-year period | 8 Jun 2005 | 20 Jan 2006[200] | [201] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 27 May 2008 | 1 Oct 2009[202] | [203] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 6 Feb 2022 | 1 May 2022 | [204] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 28 Sep 2018 | 14 Jan 2019 | [205] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 9 Sep 2009 | 9 Apr 2010 | [206] | ||
60 days within any 180-day period | 26 Nov 2018 | 15 Dec 2020 | [207] | |||
![]() |
90 days within any year period | 18 Feb 1999 | 15 May 1999 | [208] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 24 Sep 2010 | 24 Nov 2012 | [209] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 17 Jul 2003 | 17 Jul 2003 | [210] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 25 Jan 1999 29 Jan 19992 |
30 Mar 1999 | |||
90 days within any 180-day period | 26 Mar 2015 | 27 Aug 2016 | [211] | |||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 24 Jan 2023 | 12 Jun 2023 | [212] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 7 Apr 2017 | 8 Nov 2019 | [213] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 11 Dec 2002 | 11 Jan 2003 | [214] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 25 May 2006 | 1 Jun 2007; for Croatia from 1 Jul 2013 |
|||
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90 days1 | 28 Jun 2013 | 29 Jul 2013 | [215] | ||
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90 days | 5 Apr 2011 | 25 Sep 2011 | [216] | ||
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90 days | 4 May 2017 | 15 Aug 2018 | [217] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 20 Sep 2017 | 24 Dec 2017 | [218] | ||
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3 months | 24 May 1999 | 24 Jul 1999 | [219] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 22 Sep 2011 | 29 Feb 2012 | [220] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 7 Jan 1998 | 8 Mar 1998 | [221] | ||
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90 days | 23 Oct 2019 | 9 Feb 2022 | [222] | ||
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90 days | 3 Nov 2005 | 12 Feb 2006 | [223][224] | ||
90 days | 7 Jun 2017 24 Jul 20172 |
17 Nov 2017 | ||||
90 days within any 180-day period | 27 Sep 2015 | 27 Nov 2015 | [225] | |||
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90 days | 21 Sep 19992 | 20 Nov 1999 | [226] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 26 Sep 2014 | 11 Jul 2015 | [227] | |||
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14 days1 | 23 Apr 2009 | 1 Jul 2009 | [228] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 90 days within any 180-day period | 14 Jun 2001 | 14 Jun 2001 | [229] | |
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90 days within any 180-day period | 24 Sep 2008 | 1 Mar 2010[230] | [231] | ||
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90 days | 3 Dec 2004 | 28 Mar 2006 | [232][233] | ||
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14 days | 1 Dec 2006 | 22 Mar 2008 | [234] | ||
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30 days | 29 Mar 1993 | 29 Apr 1993 | [235] | ||
15 days for tourist groups4 | 28 Mar 2017 | 1 Jul 2021 | [236] | |||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 2 Apr 2023 | 23 Jan 2024 | [237] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 20 Mar 2008 | 20 Sep 2008 | [238] | ||
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90 days | 23 Jun 2000 | 1 Sep 2000 | [239] | ||
90 days within any year period | 27 Sep 2018 | 27 Nov 2018 | [240] | |||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 11 Sep 2017 | 25 Jan 2018 | [241] | ||
![]() |
Unspecified period | 30 Nov 2000 | 30 Nov 2000[165] | [166] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 10 Nov 2015 | 10 Apr 2016 | [242] | ||
![]() |
Unspecified period | 30 Nov 2000 | 30 Nov 2000[165] | [166] | ||
![]() |
30 days | 29 Nov 2004 | 30 Dec 2004 | [243] | ||
30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 8 Sep 2016 | 2 Dec 2017 | [244] | |||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 12 Nov 2013 | 1 Apr 2015[245] | [246] | ||
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30 days1 | 19 Jun 2012 | 30 Sep 2012 | [247] | ||
![]() |
90 days1 | 25 Jun 2019 | 25 Jul 2019 | [248] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 27 May 2009 | 27 May 2009 | [249] | ||
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60 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 23 Dec 2015 | 10 Apr 2016 | [250] | ||
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90 days | 28 Jan 1997 | 5 Jul 1997 | [251] | ||
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30 days1 | 21 Sep 2017 | [252] | |||
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Unspecified period | 30 Nov 2000 | 30 Nov 2000[253] | [254] | ||
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30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 3 Sep 2014 | 14 Nov 2014 | [255] | ||
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90 days | 30 days | 24 Sep 2008 | 21 Nov 2008 | [256] | |
![]() |
90 days | 15 Oct 2002 | 15 Oct 2002 | [257] | ||
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30 days | 30 Dec 2009 | 30 May 2010 | [258] | ||
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90 days | 3 Jul 2000 | 3 Aug 2000 | [259] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 14 Apr 2021 | 2 Aug 2021 | [260] | ||
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14 days1 | 24 Sep 2014 | 14 May 2015 | [261] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 16 Apr 2002 | 16 May 2002 | [262] | ||
90 days[263] | 27 Apr 2022 13 Jun 20222 |
15 Aug 2022 | [264] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 28 Nov 19972 | 13 Jan 1998 | [265] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 28 Jul 2009 | 3 Jul 2010 | [266] | |||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 15 Feb 2022 | 22 Feb 2023 | [267] | ||
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90 days | 24 Jan 1997 | 23 May 1997 | [268] | ||
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90 days | 30 days | 19 Jun 2008 | 31 Oct 2008 | [269] | |
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90 days within any 180-day period | 8 Jun 2007 | 1 Dec 2008[270] | [271] | ||
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90 days | 3 Feb 2016 | 27 Oct 2016 | [272] | ||
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90 days | 4 Jul 1994 | 3 Aug 1994 | [273] | ||
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30 days1 | 28 Sep 2018 | 27 Dec 2018 | [274] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 23 Jan 2020 | 21 May 2020 | [275] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 16 Jun 1995 22 Jun 19952 |
20 Aug 1995 | [276] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 3 Dec 2014 9 Dec 20142 |
8 Feb 2015 | [277] | |||
![]() |
3 months | 20 Nov 1995 | 2 Feb 1997 | [278] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 25 Sep 2013 | 20 Oct 2014 | [279] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 14 Jul 1999 | 26 Nov 1999 | [280] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 13 Nov 2010 | 21 Jun 2011 | [281] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 3 Aug 2007 | 22 Dec 2008 | [282] | ||
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90 days | 18 Sep 2003 | 1 Oct 2003 | [283] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 27 Dec 2019 | 23 Feb 2020 | [284] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 26 Aug 2002 | 1 Mar 2004[285] | [286] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 21 Sep 2017 | 21 Nov 2017 | [287] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 27 Sep 2018 | 7 Jan 2019 | [288] | ||
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60 days1 | 4 Apr 2017 | 9 July 2017 | [289] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 2 Dec 2021 | [290] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 2 Jul 2015 | 6 Feb 2017 | [291] | ||
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90 days | 30 days | 20 Feb 2009 | 10 Jun 2009 | [292] | |
![]() |
30 days1 | 2 Sep 2015 | 14 Dec 2015 | [293] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 17 May 2021 | 14 Mar 2022 | [294] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 17 Nov 2015 | 2 Jan 2016 | [295] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 29 Dec 2000 | 29 Dec 2000[296] | [297] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 5 Aug 2010 | 15 Dec 2010 | [298] | ||
90 days1 | 24 Jan 2017 27 Feb 20172 |
30 Mar 2017 | [299] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 21 Sep 2004 | 21 Nov 2004 | [300] | ||
90 days | 17 Oct 2006 | 31 Dec 2006 | [301] | |||
60 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 13 Nov 2013 | 1 Jan 2014 | [302] | |||
![]() |
Unspecified period[303] | 1 Feb 2010 | 25 Apr 2011 | [304] | ||
![]() |
30 days | 13 Aug 2015 | 24 Oct 2015 | [305] | ||
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90 days within any 180-day period | 24 Nov 2017 | 4 Sep 2022 | [306] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180 day-period | 26 Sep 2018 | 13 May 2019 | [307] | ||
![]() |
90 days[308] | 19 Mar 2008 | 2 Jul 2008 | [309][310] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 21 Sep 2009 | 1 Feb 2011[311] | [312] | ||
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Unspecified period | 30 Nov 2000 | 30 Nov 2000[165] | [166] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 17 Oct 2002 | 6 Mar 2003 | [313] | ||
30 days | 13 Dec 2005 | 24 Mar 2007 | [314] | |||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 16 Feb 2021 | 19 Aug 2021 | [315] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 28 Jun 2012 | 13 Feb 2013 | [316] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 5 Nov 1999 | 6 Jan 2000 | [317] | ||
30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period | 12 May 2010 | 16 Apr 2011[318] | [319] | ||
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30 days | 17 Jul 1999 | 17 Jul 1999 | [320] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 6 Jul 2018 | 17 Feb 2019 | [321] | ||
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3 months | 13 Jul 1999 | 3 Oct 1999 | [322] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 26 Sep 2011 | 27 Dec 2011 | [323] | |||
![]() |
Unspecified period | 30 Nov 2000 | 30 Nov 2000[324] | [325] | ||
![]() |
90 days1 | 20 Sep 2016 | 21 Oct 2016 | [326] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 22 Aug 2017 | 29 Dec 2017 | [327] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 28 Jun 1993 1 Nov 19932 |
1 Nov 1993 | [328] | ||
90 days within any 180-day period | 26 Nov 2008 | 6 Mar 2009 | [329] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 28 Oct 1993 | 20 Feb 1994 | [330][331] | ||
![]() |
90 days within any 180-day period | 23 Oct 2019 | 1 Jul 2020 | [332] | ||
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90 days | 23 Jan 1991 31 Jan 19912 |
31 Jan 1991 | [333] | ||
Notes:
|
Country | Type of passport | Duration of stay | Date of signing/ Effective date |
Citation |
![]() |
Alien's passport | 90 days within any 180-day period | 17 Jun 2008 | [334][335] |
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All | 90 days | 15 May 2023 | [336] |
![]() |
Non-citizen passport | 90 days within any 180-day period | 17 Jun 2008 | [337][338] |
![]() |
Diplomatic | 90 days within any 180-day period | 3 Sep 2017 | [339] |
![]() |
All | Unspecified period | 29 Sep 2023 | [340] |
Russia has concluded agreements that facilitate procedures for issuing visas to both Russian citizens and citizens of the partner jurisdiction on a reciprocal basis. Such agreements are in force with the following countries or political associations:
Country | Entry into force |
---|---|
![]() | 1993[152] |
![]() | 2002[178] |
![]() | 2014[341] |
![]() | 2013,[197] 2019[198] |
![]() | 2006[201] |
![]() | 2009[203] |
![]() | 2011[342] |
![]() (excluding Denmark and Ireland) | 2007 |
![]() | 2005[343] |
![]() | 2004[344] |
![]() | 2010[231] |
![]() | 2011,[345] 2015,[346] 2016 |
![]() | 1990[347] |
![]() | 1997,[348] 2016,[349] 2019[350] |
![]() | 2002[351] and 2016 (for holders of dip/ser passports) |
![]() | 1990,[352] 2005[353] |
![]() | 2013,[354] 2017[355] |
![]() | 1995,[356] 2013,[357] 2018[358] |
![]() | 2015[246] |
![]() | 2003[359] |
![]() | 2012,[77] 2017[78] |
![]() | 2003,[360] 2012[361] |
![]() | 2004[286] |
![]() | 2020[362] |
![]() | 1996[363] |
![]() | 1992,[364] 2002,[365] 2010[366] |
![]() | 1990,[367] 2015[368] |
![]() | 2011[312] |
![]() | 1999[320] |
![]() | 1989 |
![]() | 2012,[369] 2013 |
![]() | 1994,[330] 2005[331] |
![]() | 1988[370] |
Russia has agreements on cancellation of consular fees with the following countries: Algeria (1965), Angola (15 Apr 1985),[371] Iran (15 Feb 1966),[372] Japan (1 Apr 1965),[373] and Mauritania (1967).
Agreements were denounced with Bangladesh,[374][375] Cambodia,[376][377] India,[378][379] Pakistan [380][381] and New Zealand.
Country or territory | Duration of stay by type of passport | Date of signing | Effective date | Cancellation date | Citation | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diplomatic | Service category | Ordinary | |||||
![]() |
90 days | 90 days with an invitation 30 days with a voucher |
24 Sep 2007 | 1 May 2008 | 20 Oct 2013 | [382] | |
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For a private trips with an invitation Transit without a visa |
2 Nov 1978 | 6 Jul 1979 | 1 Oct 2001 | [383] | ||
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For a private trip with an invitation up to 90 days |
3 Nov 1969 | 24 Jan 1970 | 6 Jul 1979 | [384] | |||
About private trips | 20 May 1965 | 1 Jun 1965 | 24 Jan 1970 | [385] | |||
![]() |
Unspecified period | 9 Oct 1992 | 9 Oct 1992; for ![]() 1 Aug 1995 |
3 Dec 2000; for ![]() 19 Jun 1999 |
[386][387] | ||
![]() |
30 days | 29 Feb 2000 | 25 May 2001 | 26 Apr 2014 | [388] | ||
Yes Including passport for public affairs |
29 Dec 1993 | 29 Jan 1994 | 25 May 2001 | [389] | |||
Yes (on duty) Including passport for public affairs |
15 Jul 1988 | 14 Aug 1988 | 29 Jan 1994 | ||||
Yes | 13 Jun 1985 | 13 Jul 1985 | 14 Aug 1988 | ||||
![]() |
30 days | 3 Dec 1993 | 29 Jul 1994 | 21 Dec 2018 | [390] | ||
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For a private trip with an invitation |
10 Jan 1985 | 29 Jul 1994 | |||||
For tourism trips | 7 Jul 1981 24 Sep 1981 |
24 Sep 1981 | 1985 | ||||
![]() |
3 months | 5 Jun 1989 | 5 Jun 1989 | 20 Jan 2006 | [391] | ||
During a term of official trips | 90 days | 27 Dec 1994 | 15 Jun 1995 | 1 Jan 2004 | [392] | ||
![]() |
During a term of official trips 30 days for all passports |
7 Dec 1994 | 3 Sep 1995 | 29 May 2000 | [393][394] | ||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation Transit without a visa |
17 Dec 1981 | 30 May 1982 | for ![]() 3 Sep 1995; for ![]() 7 Aug 1994 |
[395] | ||
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation up to 90 days Transit without a visa |
16 Sep 1969 | 16 Sep 1969 | 30 May 1982 | [396] | |||
90 days with an invitation | 17 Sep 1965 | 17 Sep 1965 | 15 Sep 1969 | [397] | |||
18 Dec 1962 | 17 Sep 1965 | ||||||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation Transit without a visa |
6 Apr 1979 | 30 Aug 1979 | 3 Oct 1990 | [398] | ||
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation up to 90 days Transit without a visa |
28 Nov 1969 | 12 Jan 1970 | 30 Aug 1979 | [399] | |||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For a private trips with an invitation Transit without a visa |
24 Nov 1978 | 14 Jun 2001 | [400] | |||
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation up to 90 days |
4 Mar 1969 | 11 Jun 1969 | [401] | ||||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation |
22 Jan 1986 | 17 Sep 1986 | 23 May 1997 | |||
![]() |
Yes | 20 Dec 1984 | 30 Dec 2004 | [402] | |||
![]() |
30 days for Kaliningrad region | 24 Feb 1995 | 25 Jun 1995 | 1 Jan 2003 | [403] | ||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation |
20 December 1979 | 5 May 1995 | [404] | |||
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation up to 90 days |
26 Jan 1971 | 23 May 1971 | [405] | ||||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation Transit without a visa |
13 Dec 1979 | 22 May 1980 | 1 Oct 2003 | [406] | ||
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation up to 90 days |
5 Feb 1970 | 12 May 1970 | 22 May 1980 | [407] | |||
![]() |
90 days | 18 Jan 2016 | 14 Aug 2016 | 23 Feb 2020 | [408] | ||
![]() |
Yes | 11 Mar 1991 | 24 Oct 1991 | 1 Mar 2004 | [409] | ||
During an office mission For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation up to 45 days |
9 Sep 1983 | 11 Apr 1984 | 24 Oct 1991 | [410] | |||
During an office mission For tourism trips with tourist documents For private trips with an invitation up to 45 days |
30 Jun 1969 | 1 Jan 1970 | 11 Apr 1984 | [411][412] | |||
Without visas on office affairs For a private trips with an invitation up to 45 days within year Transit on private affairs without visa |
4 Mar 1966 | 23 Jun 1966 | 1 Jan 1970 | [413] | |||
About trips for a visit to close relatives | 1963 | 23 Jun 1966 | no text | ||||
About visa-free trips of citizens on diplomatic, service, all-civil passports and collective certificates | 1956 | 23 Jun 1966 | no text | ||||
![]() |
30 days for all passports During a term of official trips |
13 Feb 1995 | 25 Aug 1995 | 1 Jan 2001 | [414] | ||
1 Jun 1994 | 7 Aug 1994 | 25 Aug 1995 | [415] | ||||
![]() |
Unspecified period | 16 Jan 1997 | 10 Mar 1997 | 1 Jan 2023 | [416][417][418][419] | ||
![]() |
90 days | 27 Jun 2010 | 31 Mar 2013 | 17 Feb 2019 | [420] | ||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with tourist documents Visa free transit for tourism and official purposes |
15 Jul 1981 | 14 Aug 1982 | 20 Feb 1994 | no text | ||
![]() |
During a term of official trips For tourism trips with a voucher For private trips with an invitation up to 90 days |
31 Oct 1989 | 26 Apr 1990 | for ![]() 31 Mar 2013; for ![]() 1 May 2008; for ![]() 21 Nov 2008; for ![]() 31 Oct 2008; for ![]() 1 Dec 1999; for ![]() 10 Jun 2009 |
[421] | ||
For tourism trips with a voucher | 3 June 1967 27 Nov 1967 |
27 Dec 1967 | 26 Apr 1990 | ||||
Yes | Yes On duty |
26 Oct 1965 | 25 Jan 1966 |
The Russian visa is a machine-readable document, which is placed in the holder's passport. All fields are indicated in both Russian and English, but are filled out only in Russian.
The holder's name appears in both the Roman and Cyrillic alphabets.
The name that appears in the machine-readable zone at the bottom of the visa represents the holder's Cyrillic name mapped into the Roman alphabet. This allows Russian computer systems to read the Cyrillic name, despite the machine readers only being able to read Roman alphabet letters. As a result, the spelling of a name in the machine-readable zone does not necessarily reflect its spelling in the visa's name field. For example, the name "Christoph" would appear in the field as "Kpиcтoф/Christoph", but the MRZ would contain the name "Kristof".
Contrary to guidelines for machine-readable documents, the issuing country's ISO code (RUS) is not shown at positions 3–5 (i.e. V<RUS). Instead, the first line is formatted as: VSURNAME<<GIVEN<NAMES.
While not necessarily printed on the visa (depending on the embassy), a photo is required in the visa application. The visa application form may be filled online and submitted to the diplomatic mission.[422]
Depending on the purpose of entry into the Russian Federation and the purposes of stay, visas are categorized as:
A diplomatic visa shall be issued to a foreign citizen holding a diplomatic passport. A diplomatic visa is issued:
A service visa is issued to the foreign citizen having service (consular, official, special) passport. A service visa is issued:
Depending on the purpose of entry of the foreign citizen into the Russian Federation and the purpose of his stay in the Russian Federation ordinary visas are subdivided on private, business, tourist, educational, working, humanitarian and entry visas to the Russian Federation for temporary residence or citizenship ceremony:
A Transit visa is issued for a period of up to 10 days to the foreign citizen for transit through the territory of Russia.
A visa of temporarily living person is issued for 4 months to the foreign citizen to whom entry into Russia is allowed for temporary residence, within a quota of delivery of permissions to temporary residence.
All types of Russian entry visas are received through Russian embassies and consulates. Provided all the documents are ready, the process usually takes no more than 3-10 workdays for Russian travel visa.
Russian Tourist Visa requirements:
The Russian Consulate requires the visa application form to be printed on A4 paper with right and bottom margins of 5mm. A failure to meet these requirements invalidates the form.
Russia requires that an alien who needs a visa on entry be in possession of a valid visa upon exit.
To satisfy this formal requirement, exit visas sometimes need to be issued. Russia requires an exit visa if a visitor stays well past the expiration date of their visa. They must then extend their visa or apply for an exit visa and are not allowed to leave the country until they show a valid visa or have a permissible excuse for overstaying their visa (e.g., a note from a doctor or a hospital explaining an illness, missed flight, lost or stolen visa). In some cases, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs can issue a Return-Home certificate that is valid for 10 days from the embassy of the visitor's native country, thus eliminating the need for an exit visa.[424][425][426]
A foreign citizen granted a temporary residence permit in Russia needs a temporary resident visa to take a trip abroad (valid for both exit and return). It is also colloquially called an exit visa.
Almost all Russian embassies and consulates, require visa applications to be submitted to semi-private visa processing centers instead of directly to the consular section of the embassy. Costs differ.
From January 2015, visa applicants from the United Kingdom, Denmark, Myanmar and Namibia will be obliged to provide fingerprint scans. After a trial period it will be decided whether to expand this to other countries as well.
Russia plans to require, from 1 July 2019, fingerprinting and photographing of all foreign citizens entering the Russian Federation without a visa and staying for more than 30 days.[427]
According to the Border Service of the Federal Security Service and the Federal State Statistics Service, most visitors arriving to Russia were from the following countries of nationality:[428]
Total visitors by year | |
---|---|
2019 | ![]() |
2018 | ![]() |
2017 | ![]() |
2016 | ![]() |
2015 | ![]() |
2014 | ![]() |
2013 | ![]() |
2012 | ![]() |
2011 | ![]() |
2010 | ![]() |
2009 | ![]() |
2008 | ![]() |
2007 | 22,908,625 |
Nationality | Total (includes all types of purposes of visits) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Stateless persons | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ||
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ||
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![]() | ![]() | 24,662 | ![]() | ||
Total | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Nationality | Total (includes all types of purposes of visits) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4,198,030 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 2,747,358 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1,584,086 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 394,872 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 1,012,621 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 747,640 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 830,160 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 979,778 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 459,040 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 552,909 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 988,084 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 611,367 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 157,367 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 259,191 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 52,289 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 474,949 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 569,300 |
Stateless persons | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 679,757 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 196,704 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 760,728 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 262,060 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 198,002 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 194,248 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 212,847 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 100,291 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 81,385 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 90,622 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 33,409 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 110,601 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 53,364 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 78,188 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 47,939 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 24,568 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 80,720 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 50,823 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 67,606 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 35,017 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 45,340 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 20,576 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 40,565 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 44,964 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 48,559 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 33,396 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 54,253 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 30,583 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 38,446 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 21,950 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 33,571 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 15,192 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 17,884 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 20,736 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 13,767 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 21,167 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 18,512 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 14,448 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 9,044 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 18,434 |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | 4,053 |
Total | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Most visas were issued in the following countries:
Location | Number of visas issued in | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |
![]() | 58,953 | 410,780 | 360,582 | 336,423 | 324,959 | 299,791 |
![]() | 41,280 | 453,338 | 406,831 | 371,489 | 339,030 | 357,040 |
![]() | 34,162 | 83,169 | 81,177 | 79,898 | 45,209 | 33,698 |
![]() | 27,059 | 172,870 | 146,491 | 145,576 | 131,229 | 119,314 |
![]() | 20,770 | 92,573 | 88,290 | 96,246 | 93,169 | 87,863 |
![]() | 18,272 | 162,529 | 139,797 | 129,124 | 129,038 | 117,123 |
![]() | 16,736 | 106,250 | 98,936 | 95,630 | 94,682 | 85,974 |
![]() | 14,271 | 110,480 | 105,157 | 108,792 | 116,462 | 112,655 |
![]() | 11,295 | 78,727 | 79,082 | 74,382 | 77,574 | 70,328 |
![]() | 10,535 | 67,666 | 62,840 | 59,187 | 54,885 | 43,038 |
Total | 452 161 | 3,090,538 | 2,758,893 | 2,687,146 | 2,505,457 | 2,283,850 |
The law "On the legal status of foreign citizens in the USSR" was used by the Russian Federation. Action extended from 1 January 1993. Chapter III of the law "entry into the USSR and exit from the USSR Foreign citizens" was replaced adopted the Federal Law No.114-FZ 1996 "On the Order of Exit from the Russian Federation". The law was repealed with the adoption of the Federal Law 115-FZ on 25 Jul 2002 On the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation. The laws establishes that as a general rule all foreign citizens and stateless persons need visas for entry and exit from the territory of Russia and the period of temporary stay (90 days within any 180 days). It also establishes a number of exceptions addressing certain groups of travelers. The basis of the legal status of foreign citizens and stateless persons are secured primarily by the Constitution of the Russian Federation 1993 - Art. 62 and Art. 63.
According to the Russian Constitution, international treaties of Russia override the domestic legislation. Russia has concluded a number of bilateral or multilateral treaties on visa abolishing or simplification and is seeking to negotiate new such treaties. The visa policy Russia applies the principle of reciprocity, the principle of specular.
In September 2013, the president of Russia has sent the bill of introduction of 72-hour visa-free transit to parliament. The list of the airports and the list of the states which citizens will be able to use visa-free transit in the tourist purposes, will be approved by the Government of the Russian Federation after ratification.
In 2014, the parliament has suspended ratification of the bill for an indefinite term.
In April 2014, Crimea's Tourism Minister proposed a visa-free regime for foreign tourists staying at Crimean resorts for up to 12 days and a 72-hour visa-free stay for cruise passengers.[citation needed] Visa-free access for Chinese citizens was proposed in June 2014. Visa-free entrance in cruise courts to Sevastopol began to be carried out from September 2015[68] Other of the proposals has been not realized.
On 18 February 2017, the President of Russia signed the decree "About Recognition of the Documents Issued to the Citizens of Ukraine and Persons Without Citizenship Living in Territories of Certain Districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk Regions of Ukraine". Holders of passports of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic could carry out entry into the Russian Federation and departure from the Russian Federation without execution of visas. The decree is applied temporarily, for the period before political settlement of a situation in certain districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine on the basis of the Minsk Agreement.[429]
From 29 December 2018, citizens of Ukraine who are residents of the territories of "certain districts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions" of Ukraine are allowed to enter Russia visa-free for a maximum stay of 180 days.[430]
Participants and members of delegations coming to participate in the musical events are either provided with a simplified visa regime (e.g. Eurovision Song Contest 2009) or the right of visa-free entry (e.g. International Tchaikovsky Competition 2015).[431]
Currently (September 2015), the law providing permanent visa abolition for participants and jury members of art competitions is being planned by the Government of Russia. The focus of this regulation will be on the International Tchaikovsky Competition.[432]
Participants of the 1st Eastern Economic Forum in Vladivostok did not require a visa. Entrance was allowed with passport and the accreditation certificate only.[433]
Participants of East Economic Forum in Vladivostok can visit an event without visas from 8 to 15 September 2018.[434]
Prior to the adoption of a special law, participants and members of delegations arriving to sporting events, could count on a visa-free entry or visa facilitation (determined by law for each event which has to pass ratification in parliament and to be signed by the president). For the 2008 Champions League Final held in Moscow, also spectators were given such visa-free entry.
On 13 May 2013, the presidential decree on the abolition of visas for athletes, coaches, team leaders and members of foreign official delegations, as well as judges from the international sports competitions came into effect. It envisages entry on the basis of passport and accreditation certificate.[435]
The order of the President or the Government of Russia is sufficient for visa abolition or simplification of registration of visas. Visas were abolished for participants of the 2013 Summer Universiade,[436] the 2014 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Moscow, the 2014 World Judo Championships in Chelyabinsk and the 16th FINA World Championships in Kazan.[437]
Participants of the XVI World Aquatics Championships in the Masters category were exempted from visa fees.[438]
The right to enter Russia without a visa was also given to visitors during the 2014 Winter Olympics and 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi if they were in a possession of tickets for the event.[439] Players of 2016 IIHF World Championship were able to obtain visas on arrival, for the fans were simplified procedure for issuing visas.[440]
2017 FIFA Confederations Cup holders of tickets for matches of the championship could enter Russia without a visa with personalized card of viewer (also known as the passport of a fan or fan-ID) and national passport from 7 June to 12 July 2017, if holding a laminated FIFA FAN ID card; from 14 June to 2 July 2017, if holding a printed FIFA FAN ID electronic format card. The foreign citizens could use their FAN IDs for multiple visa-free entry into and exit from the Russian Federation.
2018 FIFA World Cup holders of tickets for matches of the championship were able to enter Russia without a visa with personalized card of viewer (also known as the passport of a fan or fan-ID) and national passport from 4 June to 25 July 2018.
Foreigners participating in events and athletes included in the lists of FIFA, will have to obtain visas, but in a simplified manner. In particular, visas for this category of citizens will be issued within 3 working days from the date of filing and without consular fees. This procedure will be applied until 31 December 2018.
Foreigners involved in activities and not participating in sporting events, will travel to and from Russia by an ordinary multiple-entry work visas that will be issued for a period of 1 year. Foreigners, attracted by the FIFA, its subsidiaries and contractors, confederations, national football associations, the Russian football Union, organizing Committee "Russia-2018" will be entitled to work in Russia without obtaining a patent.[441]
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia has imposed the following temporary travel restrictions:
On 28 June 2021, Russia resumed flights with Belgium, Bulgaria, Jordan, Ireland, Italy, Cyprus, North Macedonia, USA, Turkey, Austria, Armenia, Greece, Qatar, Serbia, Finland, Croatia, and Switzerland.[442]
On 27 January 2021, Russia resumed flights with Finland, Vietnam, India and Qatar.[443]
From 15 August 2020, restrictions are lifted for citizens of Switzerland.[444]
From 1 August 2020, restrictions on entry to Russia were lifted for citizens of Abkhazia,[445] Tanzania, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. The issuance of entry visas and invitations has also been resumed.[446]
The issuance of Russian electronic visas for the Far East District, Kaliningrad Oblast, and St Petersburg and Leningrad has been suspended since 18 March 2020 and has not been resumed yet.[447]
For foreign citizens who are in Russia on the basis of a visa or visa-free regime, the duration of temporary stay is suspended From 15 March to 15 June 2020.[448]
From 18 March until a special order of the government,[449] all foreign citizens (except citizens of CIS member nations, Abkhazia, South Ossetia from 20 March 2020[450][451][452]) are not allowed to enter the Russian Federation.[453][454][455] This does not apply to some category of travels.[456] From 13 March 2020, temporarily suspended the entry of citizens of Italy travelling for educational, work, private, tourist and transit purposes[457]
From 28 February 2020, temporarily suspended the entry of citizens of Iran travelling for educational, work, private, tourist and transit purposes.[458][459]
From 20 February 2020, temporarily suspended the entry of citizens of China, Hong Kong, Macao, travelling for work, private, educational and tourist purposes.[460]
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