User:Mr. Ibrahem/Adenomyosis
Medical condition / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Adenomyosis is growth of the inner lining of the uterus into the uterine wall.[4] Symptoms often include painful and heavy periods; though, some have no symptoms.[3][4] Other symptoms may include chronic pelvic pain and pain with sex.[3] Complications may include infertility and it is often associated with endometriosis.[4]
Adenomyosis | |
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Other names | Endometriosis interna,[1] adenomyometritis[2] |
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Adenomyosis seen during laparoscopy: soft and enlarged uterus; the blue spots represent subserous endometriosis. | |
Specialty | Gynecology |
Symptoms | None, painful periods, heavy periods[3] |
Complications | Infertility[4] |
Usual onset | Reproductive age[4] |
Causes | Unclear[3] |
Risk factors | Obesity, birth control pills, C-section, prior pregnancy, dilation and curettage[3] |
Diagnostic method | Confirmed by ultrasound, MRI, biopsy[3] |
Differential diagnosis | Endometriosis, fibroids, uterine cancer[3] |
Treatment | NSAIDs, birth control pills, hormonal IUD, uterine artery embolization, endometrial ablation, myomectomy, hysterectomy[3] |
Frequency | 20 to 35%[3] |
The cause is unclear.[3] Risk factors may include obesity, birth control pills, C-section, prior pregnancy, and dilation and curettage.[3] The underlying mechanism may involved injury and repair to the inside of the uterus or Müllerian tissue.[5] Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by ultrasound, MRI, or biopsy.[3][5] A small or large area of the uterus may be involved.[5] Often the uterus is enlarged; though it is not cancerous.[3][5]
Symptoms may be improved by NSAIDs, birth control pills, a hormonal IUD, or danazol.[3] Procedural options include uterine artery embolization, endometrial ablation, and myomectomy.[3] In those who do not want further children, options include surgical removal of the uterus.[3]
Adenomyosis is estimated to affect 20 to 35% women.[3] It most commonly occurs in those of reproductive age, with diagnosis often in peoples 40s.[4][5] Carl von Rokitansky, a German pathologist, first described the condition in 1860.[3] The term is from "adenos" meaning "gland", "myo" meaning muscle, and "osis" meaning condition.[6]