User:Scott Wilson/Sandbox/Accidents and incidents on commercial aircraft mockup
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Accidents and incidents on commercial aircraft grouped by the year that the incident or accident occurred. This list is also available grouped:
by airline,
by location,
alphabetically, by death toll.
This list is not complete. For more exhaustive lists, see the Aircraft Crash Record Office or the Air Safety Network. Airlines seem to be remembered by their worst accidents, and in that sense this list presents a good overview, but it is far from being complete.
August 24 - Omori air disaster: Japanese Flying School Hanriot HD-1 and Japan Airlines TransportationUniversal collide over Omori,Tokyo killing the five crew, and 40 people on the ground.
January 10 - Northwest Airlines Flight 2 crashes near Bozeman, Montana, killing all ten on board; the machine with which the manufacturer measured aircraft component vibration is found to be inaccurate, causing the aircraft to be more prone to flutter than thought.
June 01 - BOAC Flight 777, a Douglas DC-3, is shot down by German fighter aircraft over the Bay of Biscay, killing 17 passengers and crew, including actor Leslie Howard. It has been speculated that the flight was attacked because German intelligence believed that British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was on the flight.
July 12 – An Eastern Air Lines flight en route from Boston, Massachusetts to Miami with stops in Washington, DC and Columbia, SC collides with a US Army B-25 Mitchell bomber about 3,000 feet above Syracuse, SC; the commercial pilot lands in a cornfield nearby, but one passenger, an infant, is killed; the bomber explodes, killing two, one parachutes safely.
October 3 – An American Overseas Airlines four-engine Douglas C-54 'Flagship New England' Berlin-bound crashed into a mountainside outside Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador. The flight was carrying many wives and children of US Army personnel serving in post-war Germany. All 39 people on board died. At the time, it was the worst accident of its kind among US civilian airlines.
July 17 - Catalina seaplane "Miss Macao" (VR-HDT), operated by a Cathay Pacific subsidiary, with 23 passengers and three crew on board flying from Macau to Hong Kong was hijacked mid-way over the Pearl River Delta by a group of four hijackers attempting to rob the passengers on board. The pilot was attacked and lost control during the ensuing struggle in the cockpit. The subsequent crash killed all on board except one passenger, who was later identified to be the lead hijacker. This is the first known case of airliner hijack.
May 26 – BOAC four-engined Handley Page Hermes IV G-ALDN with 10 passengers on board, crash-landed in the Sahara Desert, 1,300 miles off-course on a flight between Tripoli and Kano. All passengers and crew survived the initial crash landing, but the First Officer later died of injuries sustained in the crash.
May 2 – A De Havilland Comet crashed soon after take-off from Calcutta – first of a series of crashes that led to Comet 1 fleet being grounded and eventually scrapped. This may be the first known crash of a passenger jetliner.
January 10, BOAC Flight 781, de Havilland Comet (G-ALYP) flying from Rome to London on the last leg of a flight from Singapore, disintegrated in mid-flight, killing all 29 passengers and six crew. The accident was eventually discovered to have been caused by metal fatigue from repeated pressurization and depressurization of the fuselage.
June 30 – United Airlines Flight 718, a DC-7 flying from Los Angeles to Chicago and TWA Flight 2, a Constellation flying from Los Angeles to Kansas City collided over the Grand Canyon. The 58 passengers and crew on the DC-7 and the 70 passengers and crew on the Constellation were all killed. The pilots were flying in uncontrolled airspace; the crash was attributed to the pilots not seeing each other.
August 14 - KLM Flight 607-E en route from Brussels to New York crashes into the Atlantic Ocean killing all 99 passengers and crew on board, including six members of the Egyptian fencing team; the probable cause is undetermined but is thought to be an overspeeding propeller.
October 30 - Piedmont Airlines Flight 349, DC-3 N55V, crashes on Bucks Elbow Mountain near Charlottesville, Virginia, killing the crew of three and 23 of 24 passengers. Sole survivor was seriously injured. Cause was a navigational error during an Instrument Landing System approach.
January 6 – National Airlines Flight 2511 from New York to Miami, a propeller-driven DC-6B, explodes in mid-air and crashes near Bolivia, North Carolina. The accident was caused by a bomb allegedly planted by Julian A. Frank, a New York lawyer, who was heavily insured; all 34 people on board are killed.
March 17 – A Northwest AirlinesLockheed Electra lost a wing due to propeller whirl mode and crashed in southern Indiana near Tell City. All 63 on board including the crew perished. The victims were impacted in a 30-foot deep crater, which became their final resting place. A monument with the names of the victims and the date of the tragedy marks the grave.
January 3 - AeroDC-3 Flight 311 that was being flown by a drunken pilot stalled and crashed in the woods in the village of Koivulahti (Kvevlax in Swedish) near Vaasa, Finland. All 25 on board were killed. The accident remains the worst in Finnish aviation history.
March 16 – Flying Tiger LineFlight 739, chartered by the US military, disappeared over the western Pacific. It was carrying 96 US soldiers en route to South Vietnam.
May 7 – Pacific Air Lines Flight 773 - after a passenger shot both the pilot and co-pilot before turning the gun on himself, crashed killing all 44 aboard.
February 8 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 663 forced to take evasive action on takeoff to avoid colliding with another commercial aircraft, lost control and crashed. All 84 persons on board are killed.
March 31 – Iberia Airlines Convair CV-440-62, crashes into the sea on approach to Tangier killing 50 of 53 occupants; the crash is blamed on a stall due to 'undetermined reasons'.
July 5 – Air CanadaFlight 621 DC-8 exploded following a failed landing at Toronto Int'l Airport (now Pearson), with 109 fatalities.
August 9 - LANSA Cuzco Crash - LANSALockheed Electra OB-R-939 crashed and burned shortly after takeoff from Cuzco, Peru, killing 99 people on the plane and 2 on the ground; among the dead were 49 American high school exchange students
October 2: A chartered Martin 4-0-4 twin-prop airliner, N464M, crashes just over ten miles west of Silver Plume, Colorado, killing 30 of those on board including the coach and 13 members of the Wichita State football team, en route to play Utah State. Cause was controlled flight into terrain due to poor flight planning.
June 6 - Hughes Airwest Flight 706, a McDonnell-Douglas DC-9-31 commercial flight was flying from Los Angeles, California, to Salt Lake City, Utah. Following a mid-air collision with a United States Marine Corps F-4B Phantom II jet fighter, the flight crashed into the San Gabriel Mountains near Duarte, California, killing all 49 people aboard. The pilot of the Phantom also died. The radar intercept officer successfully bailed out.
November 24 – A man using the name Dan Cooper hijacked Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 305 out of Portland, Oregon. In exchange for $200,000 and four parachutes he released the passengers. The crew took off and he parachuted from the plane. He was never found although a roll of bills from his ransom was found in a riverbed many years later.
December 24 – LANSA Flight 508, a Lockheed Electra OB-R-941 enroute from Lima to Pucallpa, Peru, breaks apart in mid-air after being set aflame by lightning. It crashes in the Amazonianrainforest and 91 people die; the sole survivor is Juliane Koepcke, a 17-year old girl who survives a fall from 2 miles and a 10-day walk through the jungle before being found by hunters. Her mother, famous ornithologist Maria Koepcke, dies; director Werner Herzog had narrowly missed being on the same flight.
January 26 – JAT Yugoslav Flight 364DC-9 Bomb exploded while enroute from Copenhagen to Zagreb. One survivor now entered in the Guinness Book of World Records for surviving the highest fall without a parachute - over 10,000 meters.
June 12 - American Airlines Flight 96, a DC-10, suffered explosive decompression when one of its cargo doors failed in flight. The crew managed an emergency landing at Detroit, Michigan, and everyone on board evacuated safely.
December 29 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 401Lockheed L-1011 Crash in the Florida Everglades. Crew distraction with faulty gear down light resulting in controlled flight into terrain. First crash of a wide-body aircraft. Salvaged aircraft parts resulted in reports of paranormal activity on craft with salvaged parts installed.
September 11 - Yugoslav AirlinesSud SE-210 Caravelle struck a mountain at 6300 while descending from 9000 to 6000 feet near in IMC conditions Podgorica. All 41 on board died.
April 4 - Southern Airways Flight 242DC-9 crash-landed on a highway after dual engine failure encountered in a thunderstorm, 62 out of 85 aboard killed, 8 ground fatalities.
October 20- Lynyrd Skynyrd's chartered Convair 240 airliner, registered N55VM, departs from Greenville, South Carolina's Downtown Airport, runs out of fuel en route to next concert and crashes five miles north of Gillsburg, Mississippi in a swampy pine forest while trying to reach an alternate airport. They were only 48 miles short of the destination, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, when they had fuel starvation. Four members of the band and crew are killed, as are both pilots. Lead singer and founder of the band, Ronnie Van Zant, dies at the crash site.
December 28 – United Airlines Flight 173 ran out of fuel while circling in near Portland, Oregon to investigate a light indicating a problem with the landing gear. The plane crashed in a wooded area, killing 10 and injuring 24 of the 181 on board.
March 14 – LOT Flight 007 a Ilyushin Il-62 from New York crashed on approach to Warszawa-Okecie Airport caused by the damage from an engine disintegration.
August 22 - Far Eastern Air TransportBoeing 737-222 broke up during flight. Severe corrosion in the fuselage structure which led to an explosive decompression and breakup at high altitude. All 110 on board were killed.
November 16 - Aeroflot Tupolev TU-154B crashed while on final approach to Norilsk after the elevator failed. 99 on board were killed.
December 1 - Inex-Adria Aviopromet MD-80 crashed into Mt. San Pietro while approaching Campo Dell'Oro Airport in Ajaccio, Corsica killing all 173 passengers and 7 crew. It was and still is the worst accident involving an MD-80.
April 26 - CAAC Trident 2E crashed into a mountain while on approach to Guilin, killing all 112 people on board.
June 8 - VASPFlight 168, a Boeing 727, crashed into a hillside in Brazil, killing all 137 on board.
June 23 – British Airways Flight 9, flew through cloud of volcanic dust south of Java; all engines failed. Was able to restart engines and make safe landing.
September 13 - Spantax Flight 995, crashed after an aborted takeoff in Málaga, Spain; this DC-10 overshot the runway, crossed a four lane highway and killed three people in vehicles, and burst into flames in a field. Fifty people died.
June 2 – Air Canada Flight 797, a DC-9, caught fire in air over Kentucky. 23 out of 41 passengers died from smoke inhalation even after the crew successfully landed the aircraft at Cincinnati, Ohio. Renown Canadian folk singer Stan Rogers died while helping other passengers evacuate the aircraft.
July 23 – Air Canada Flight 143, a Boeing 767, ran out of fuel above Manitoba due to a miscalculation. The crew successfully glided the aircraft to a safe landing at a former air force base at Gimli, Manitoba, hence the aircraft became known as the Gimli Glider.
December 7–Iberia Flight 350 (a Boeing 727) collided with Aviaca Flight 134 (a DC-9) which had strayed onto its takeoff runway at Madrid, Spain during heavy fog. 51 on the 727 and all 42 aboard the DC-9 were killed.
August 5 – an AeroflotAntonov An-12 flew into a hailstorm over Nawabshah, Pakistan which damaged its engines. The plane broke up during a steep descent, killing all 24 passengers and crew.
February 19 - an Iberia Boeing 727 crashed after hitting a television antenna installed on the summit of Monte Oiz while landing in Bilbao, killing 148 people.
August 12 – Japan Airlines Flight 123, a Boeing 747, crashed into Mount Osutaka after catastrophic failure of the tailplane severed all hydraulic lines and rendered the aircraft uncontrollable. 520 people were killed. To date, it is the worst single-aircraft disaster in history.
November 23 – EgyptAir Flight 648, a Boeing 737 was hijacked by Palestinian militants. It was stormed on Malta by Egyptian special forces. The incident killed 58 out of 90 passengers, and all but one of the hijackers.
April 28 – Aloha Airlines Flight 243, a Boeing 737 suffered explosive decompression inflight, but landed safely. One stewardess was blown out of the plane and killed, several passengers were injured.
July 19 – United Airlines Flight 232, a Douglas DC-10, suffered a complete hydraulics failure over Iowa. Despite the crew's attempts to control the aircraft using only the throttle, it crashed on the runway of Sioux City, Iowa, killing 111 of the 296 people on board.
September 19 – UTA Flight 772, a DC-10, exploded in mid-air over the Sahara desert when a bomb hidden in its forward cargo hold exploded. All 170 people on board were killed. Responsibility for the bombing was later traced back to Abdullah Sanussi, the brother-in-law of Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, whose government in 2003 agreed to pay compensation to the victims.
February 1 – USAir Flight 1493, a Boeing 737, hit a Fairchild Metro commuter plane waiting to take off from the same runway the Boeing plane was landing on (at Los Angeles). 34 people, including all the Metro and 22 of the USAir passengers were killed.
March 26 – Singapore Airlines Flight 117 was hijacked by Pakistani militants en route to Singapore, where, upon landing, it was stormed by Singapore Special Operations forces. All the hijackers were killed in the operation, with no fatalities amongst the passengers and crew.
July 11 - A NationairDC-8-61 chartered by Nigeria Airways to transport Nigerian pilgrims to Mecca caught fire and crashed shortly after takeoff from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, killing all 261 on board. Underinflated tires burst and caught fire during the takeoff roll, and were subsequently retracted into the fuselage. Here the fire spread, leading to a progressive failure of the aircraft systems and its structure before the aircraft could return to the airport for an emergency landing.
September 11 - Continental Express Flight 2574 crashed on descent in Eagle Lake, Texas, September 11, 1991, killing all 14 people on board. Maintenance crews switched during repairs to the horizontal stabilizer, leaving 47 bolts missing. Reformers pointed to this error and called for development of a "safety culture."
December 27 – Both engines of Scandinavian Airlines Flight 751, a MD-81, failed shortly after takeoff from Stockholm, Sweden. The pilots successfully made an emergency landing in a nearby field, injuring 25 passengers but not incurring a single fatality.
October 4 – El Al Flight 1862 (a Boeing 747 cargo) crashed into high-rise apartment buildings in Amsterdam when two of its engines detached from the wing. 43 people, including the plane's crew of 3, were killed. The incident became known as the Bijlmerramp (Bijlmer disaster).
September 21 – Transair Georgian Airline Crash (21 September) - An airliner was hit on approach to Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport by a surface-to-air missile. The plane crashed into the Black Sea, killing all five crew members and 22 passengers.
September 22 – Transair Georgian Airline Crash (22 September) - Another plane, carrying refugees from the besieged city, was shot down on take-off from the airport. The plane crashed on the runway, killing 106 of the 132 people on board.
4 November A China Airlines Boeing 747-409 overran the Kai Tak Airport runway 13 while landing during a typhoon. The wind was gusting to gale force at the time. Despite the plane's unstable approach the captain did not go around. It touched down more than 2/3 down the runway and was unable to stop before the runway ran out.
July 19 – Alas Chiricanas Flight 00901, an Embraer EMB-110, exploded in mid-air over Panama, killing all 21 people on board. Investigators concluded that a suicide bomber had caused the plane to explode, although motives and affiliation of the bomber remain unclear.
January 8 - An African AirAntonov An-32 crashed into a busy street market after failing to take off in Kinshasa, Zaire. Of the six people on board, two were killed as well as 225-350 people on the ground.
July 6 – Delta Air Lines Flight 1288, a McDonnell Douglas MD-80, experiences an engine failure during takeoff at Pensacola, Florida. The left engine sustained an uncontained failure, causing pieces of the engine to penetrate the cabin, killing 2 of the 142 people on board.
April 20 – Air France Flight 422, a Boeing 727 leased from TAME, crashed directly into a mountain east of Bogotá, Colombia, shortly after take-off in poor weather and low visibility due to pilot's failure to follow standard take-off procedures and the failure of ATC to warn the aircraft of the deviation. All 53 people on board were killed.
August 24 – A Myanmar AirwaysFokker F27 crashed in Manibagi, Myanmar during poor weather. All 44 people on board were killed. It has also been reported that there may have been survivors that were tortured to death by local villagers that thought the aircraft carried military personnel.
August 24 – On board an Uni AirMcDonnell Douglas DC-9 a fire starts in an overhead luggage compartment over HualienTaiwan. The fire was cause by the accidental ignition fumes from a bottle of household cleaner. One person died.
December 24 – Indian AirlinesFlight 814 was hijacked en route to Delhi, India. After stopovers in Amritsar, Lahore, and Dubai, it landed in Kandhar (Afghanistan), where after several days of negotiations, all the hostages were released in exchange for the release of three senior Islamic terrorists held by India. One passenger was killed by the hijackers.
June 22 – A Wuhan AirlinesXian Yunshuji Y-7-100C is struck by lightning over Shitai, China and explodes. Part of the plane crashes into a farmhouse and another into the Hanjiang River. All 44 people on the aircraft were killed as well as seven people who drowned after their boat capsized when the aircraft hit the river.
July 17 – Alliance Air Flight 7412, a Boeing 737, crashed into government housing in Patna, India as it approached the airport, killing 55 of the 58 on board and five people on the ground. The crash was blamed on loss of control due to pilot error.
July 25 – Air FranceFlight 4590, an Aerospatiale-BACConcorde, crashed during takeoff from Paris, France after its fuel tank caught fire. All 9 crew members and 100 passengers were killed as well as four people on the ground. This crash led to the Concorde being grounded for two years, and, indirectly, to its eventual retirement.
October 6 – AeroMéxico Flight 250, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9, misses the runway while landing at Reynosa, Mexico during bad weather. All of the 88 people on board survived, but four people on the ground were killed when the aircraft crashed into homes and vehicles.
October 31 – An Aca-Ancargo Antonov An-26 explodes in flight near Monaquimbundo, Angola. UNITA rebels claim to have shot it down. All 44 people on board died.
November 20 – An American AirlinesAirbus A300 takes off from Miami, Florida and goes back and lands after the cabin pressure could not be maintained at 16,000 ft. Upon landing, the aircraft fails to depressurize and a door explodes open, killing a flight attendant.
May 17 – A Qeshm AirYakovlev Yak-40 aircraft crashes into a mountain during poor weather conditions near Sari, Iran, killing all 25 passengers and five crew members on board.
August 24 – Air TransatFlight 236 runs out of fuel over the Atlantic Ocean and makes an emergency landing in the Azores islands. Upon landing some of the tires blow out, causing a fire that is extinguished by emergency personnel on the ground. None of the 304 people on board the Airbus A330 are seriously injured.
October 8 – Scandinavian Airlines Flight 686, an McDonnell Douglas DC-9crashes into a Cessna business jet on take-off from Milan, Italy. The McDonnell Douglas DC-9 then swerves into a baggage handling building and catches fire. All 110 people on board Scandinavian Airlines Flight 686 die as well as all four in the Cessna. Four people on the ground are also killed.
May 4 – EAS Airlines Flight 4226, a BAC 1-11 crashes into a number of buildings in Kano, Nigeria after taking off. Of the 77 people on board the aircraft, 74 were killed along with 75 on the ground.
May 26 – A Ukrainian-Mediterranean Airlines Yakovlev 42D crashes near Macka, Turkey killing all 75 on board.
July 8 – Sudan AirwaysFlight 139, a Boeing 737, crashes shortly after taking off from Port Sudan, Sudan. The plane crashed into a hill while attempting an emergency landing; 116 of the 117 people on board were killed.
March 16 – A Regional Airlines Antonov An-24 aircraft carrying oil workers to Varandey, Russia crashed five kilometers from the runway. A mixture of bad weather and pilot error caused the crash. Twenty-six of the 45 passengers died as well as two of the seven crew members.
May 25 – A chartered Maniema Union Antonov An-28 aircraft, owned by Victoria Air, crashed into a mountain near Walungu, Democratic Republic of the Congo about 30 minutes after takeoff. All of the 22 passengers and 5 crew members were killed.
August 2 – Air FranceFlight 358, an Airbus A340 skids off a runway in Toronto, Ontario, while landing and catches fire; all 309 on board escaped without fatalities or serious injuries, but the aircraft was completely destroyed by the fire.
March 18 – While landing in Madrid, Spain, an Air AlgeriaBoeing 737's right landing gear collapses. The aircraft veered off the runway and injured about 45 of the 108 on board. There were no fatalities.
March 31 – A Team Air L-410 crashes near Rio Bonito in Brazil and catches fire. All of the 19 people on board were killed.