Thermus is a genus of thermophilic bacteria. It is one of several bacteria belonging to the Deinococcota phylum. According to comparative analysis of 16S rRNA, this is one the most ancient group of bacteria [1] Thermus species can be distinguished from other genera in the family Thermaceae as well as all other bacteria by the presence of eight conserved signature indels found in proteins such as adenylate kinase and replicative DNA helicase as well as 14 conserved signature proteins that are exclusively shared by members of this genus.[2]
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The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [3] and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[4][5][6]
Between all its species, T. thermophilus has a special importance as a model organism for basic and applied research.
16S rRNA based LTP_08_2023[7][8][9] |
120 marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214[10][11][12] |
Thermus |
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T. oshimai Williams et al. 1996[13] |
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T. filiformis Hudson et al. 1987[14] |
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T. thermophilus (ex Oshima and Imahori 1974) Manaia et al. 1995[15] |
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T. composti Vajna et al. 2012[16] |
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T. aquaticus Brock and Freeze 1969[17] |
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T. arciformis Zhang et al. 2010[18] |
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T. islandicus Bjornsdottir et al. 2009[19] |
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T. hydrothermalis Li et al. 2023 |
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T. brockianus Williams et al. 1995[20] |
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T. thalpophilus Li et al. 2023 |
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T. sediminis Zhou et al. 2021 |
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T. igniterrae Chung et al. 2000[21] |
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T. thermamylovorans Ming et al. 2020 |
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T. caldilimi Li et al. 2021 |
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T. tengchongensis Yu et al. 2013[22] |
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T. caliditerrae Ming et al. 2014[23] |
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T. brevis Hu et al. 2022 |
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T. tenuipuniceus Zhou et al. 2019 |
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T. albus Li et al. 2023 |
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T. altitudinis Li et al. 2023 |
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T. caldifontis Khan et al. 2017 |
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T. neutrinimicus Li et al. 2023 |
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T. amyloliquefaciens Yu et al. 2015[24] |
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Thermus |
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T. filiformis |
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T. oshimai |
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T. arciformis |
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"T. kawarayensis" Kurosawa, Itoh & Itoh 2005 |
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T. brockianus |
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T. igniterrae |
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T. thermamylovorans |
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T. caliditerrae |
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T. tengchongensis |
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T. amyloliquefaciens |
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T. caldifontis |
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Species incertae sedis:[26]
- "T. anatoliensis" Kacagan et al. 2016
- "T. caldophilus" Taguchi et al. 1983
- "T. eggertssonii" Peters 2008
- "T. murrieta" Benner et al. 2006
- "T. nonproteolyticus" 1992
- "T. rehai" Lin et al. 2002
- "T. yunnanensis" Gong et al. 2005
The strains of the genus Thermus are generally isolated from hydrothermal areas where the range of water temperature is 55–70 °C and that of pH is 5.0–10.5.[27]
The first isolate of the genus Thermus was isolated from hydrothermal areas in Yellowstone National Park.[5] Later on more isolates were obtained from several hydrothermal areas worldwide,[27] such as in Japan,[28][29] Iceland,[30] New Zealand, New Mexico or the Australian Artesian Basin.
Manaia, Célia M.; Hoste, Bart; Carmen Gutierrez, M.; Gillis, Monique; Ventosa, Antonio; Kersters, Karel; Da Costa, Milton S. (1995-02-01). "Halotolerant Thermus Strains from Marine and Terrestrial Hot Springs Belong to Thermus thermophilus (ex Oshima and Imahori, 1974) nom. rev. emend". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 17 (4): 526–532. Bibcode:1995SyApM..17..526M. doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80072-X.
Vajna, B.; Kanizsai, S.; Keki, Z.; Marialigeti, K.; Schumann, P.; Toth, E. M. (2012-07-01). "Thermus composti sp. nov., isolated from oyster mushroom compost". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 62 (Pt 7): 1486–1490. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.030866-0. PMID 21856987.
Zhang, X. Q.; Ying, Y.; Ye, Y.; Xu, X. W.; Zhu, X. F.; Wu, M. (2010-04-01). "Thermus arciformis sp. nov., a thermophilic species from a geothermal area". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 60 (4): 834–839. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.007690-0. PMID 19661520.
Yu, Tian-Tian; Yao, Ji-Cheng; Ming, Hong; Yin, Yi-Rui; Zhou, En-Min; Liu, Min-Jiao; Tang, Shu-Kun; Li, Wen-Jun (2013). "Thermus tengchongensis sp. nov., isolated from a geothermally heated soil sample in Tengchong, Yunnan, south-west China". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 103 (3): 513–518. doi:10.1007/s10482-012-9833-9. PMID 23104072.
Ming, H.; Yin, Y.-R.; Li, S.; Nie, G.-X.; Yu, T.-T.; Zhou, E.-M.; Liu, L.; Dong, L.; Li, W.-J. (2014-02-01). "Thermus caliditerrae sp. nov., a novel thermophilic species isolated from a geothermal area". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (Pt 2): 650–656. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.056838-0. PMID 24158953. S2CID 6476087.
Yu, Tian-Tian; Park, Dong-Jin; Hozzein, Wael N.; Kim, Chang-Jin; Wadaan, Mohammed A. M.; Ming, Hong; Li, Wen-Jun; Yao, Ji-Cheng; Zhou, En-Min (2015-08-01). "Thermus amyloliquefaciens sp. nov., isolated from a hot spring sediment sample". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 65 (8): 2491–2495. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.000289. PMID 25920724.
Kristjánsson, Jakob; Hjörleifsdóttir, Sigrídur; Marteinsson, Viggó; Alfredsson, Gudni (1994). "Thermus scotoductus, sp. nov., a Pigment-Producing Thermophilic Bacterium from Hot Tap Water in Iceland and Including Thermus sp. X-1". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 17 (1): 44–50. Bibcode:1994SyApM..17...44K. doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80030-5.
Da Costa, Milton S.; Rainey, Fred A.; Nobre, M. Fernanda (2006), Dworkin, Martin; Falkow, Stanley; Rosenberg, Eugene; Schleifer, Karl-Heinz (eds.), "The Genus Thermus and Relatives", The Prokaryotes, New York, NY: Springer New York, pp. 797–812, doi:10.1007/0-387-30747-8_32, ISBN 978-0-387-25497-5, retrieved 2024-06-05