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A sports rivalry is intense competition between athletic teams or athletes, affecting participants,[1] management, and supporters all to varying degrees.
The intensity of the rivalry can range anywhere from a light hearted banter to serious violence. A rivalry that gets out of control can lead to fighting, hooliganism, rioting and some instances with career-ending and even fatal consequences. In the "Football War", along with other factors, it was suggested to have been the tipping point in leading to military conflicts.
One of the first known sports rivalries occurred in the Roman Empire between the Blues and the Greens, and the minor teams of the Reds and Whites, each of which were chariot racing clubs competing at the Hippodrome in Constantinople. The rivalry took on political tones as well, coming close to deposing the Roman Emperor Justinian in 532 CE in a riot and the suppression of the riot killed tens of thousands of people.
Owners have been known to encourage rivalries as they tend to improve game attendance and television ratings for rivalry matches. Clubs can reduce fan aggression surrounding rivalry games by acknowledging rather than downplaying the conflict[2] because the rivalry is an integral part of fan identity.[3]
Games between two rivals that are based in areas of close geographical proximity are often known as a local derby, or simply just a derby (UK: /ˈdɑːrbi/ DAR-bee, US: /ˈdɜːrbi/ DUR-bee); a sporting event between two teams from the same town, city or region. The term is usually connected with association football[4] and the media and supporters will often refer to this fixture as "Derby Day".[5]
The term ‘Derby’ or local derby originated from a game of football between all saints and St Peter’s in the city of Derby. Due to the close proximity of the two churches and hence the football played, this is where the term ‘local derby’ or “derby” comes from. The term "derby" possibly originated from the Derby, a horse race in England, founded by the 12th Earl of Derby in 1780. The 19th Earl has since claimed the Derby name was originally only given to one other sporting event: fixtures between St Helens at one end of the family's Knowsley estate and Wigan at the other.[6]
The other theory as to the name's origin involves Shrovetide football, an early, unofficiated version of both association and rugby football. It was first played in the town of Derby prior to Medieval times. From as early as the 12th century it was known to have been played in Ashbourne. It was a chaotic and exuberant affair that involved the whole town, often resulting in fatalities. The goals were at Nuns Mill in the north and the Gallows Balk in the south of the town, and much of the action took place in the River Derwent or the Markeaton Brook. Nominally the players came from All Saints' and St Peter's parishes, but in practice the game was a free-for-all with as many as 1,000 players. A Frenchman who observed a match in 1829 wrote in horror, "if Englishmen call this play, it would be impossible to say what they call fighting". Shrovetide football is still an annual event in the town of Ashbourne.[7]
Since at least as early as 1840 'derby' has been used as a noun in English to denote any kind of sporting contest.[8] Other names for derbies include Clásicos in certain parts of the world and crosstown rivalries in the United States.
Rivalries do not always stem from the sharing of an area. Hostilities can occur for different reasons, such as in the case of El Clásico with tensions between fans with a background of political differences. Frequent meetings in important games between teams can also lead to unpleasantries.
1st party | 2nd party | Discipline(s) | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Finland | Sweden | Multi-discipline | 1925–present | Finland-Sweden athletics international | |
Jamaica | United States | Sprinting | 1960s—present | [34][35][36][37] | |
Kenya | Ethiopia | Long-distance running | 1968–present | [22][38] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Susi Susanti | Bang Soo-hyun | 1992–1996 | ||
Lee Chong Wei | Lin Dan | 2004–2020 | Lee–Lin rivalry | |
Indonesia | China | 1990s–present | ||
Anthony Sinisuka Ginting | Kento Momota | 2020s–present |
In Swedish bandy, derby games are often played on Saint Stephen's Day.[39]
Guangdong has 11 CBA league titles, more than any other team in history, so it is very evident that they would have a lot of rivalries within the CBA.
These are active Hong Kong A1 rivalries:
These are high school sports rivalries, but are primarily contested in basketball:
These are active Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) rivalries:
These are the historical rivalries in the PBA:
These are active Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League rivalries:
These are college sports rivalries, but are primarily contested in basketball:
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Switzerland | East Germany | 1976–1990 | — | [93] |
Kaillie Humphries | Elana Meyers | 2013–present | — | [94][95] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arnold Schwarzenegger | Sergio Oliva | — | [96] | |
Lenda Murray | Iris Kyle | 2002 Ms. Olympia 2003 Ms. Olympia 2004 Ms. Olympia | [97] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mexico | Puerto Rico | 1930s–2010s | Puerto Rican-Mexican boxing rivalry |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article(s) | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | England | 1877–present | The Ashes | [104] |
Australia | India | 1996–present | Border-Gavaskar Trophy | |
Australia | New Zealand | 1946–present | Chappell–Hadlee Trophy Trans-Tasman Trophy | [105] |
Australia | West Indies | 1960–present | Frank Worrell Trophy | |
Bangladesh | India | 2007–present | ||
Bangladesh | Sri Lanka | 1986–present | Bangladesh–Sri Lanka cricket rivalry | |
England | India | 1951–present | Anthony De Mello Trophy Pataudi Trophy | |
India | Pakistan | 1957–present | India-Pakistan cricket rivalry | |
Nepal | United Arab Emirates | 2000–Present | Associate rivalry[according to whom?] |
1st party | 2nd party | Discipline | Timespan | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Willie Mosconi | Rudolph Wanderone Jr. | Pool | [119][120][121] | |
Ray Reardon | John Spencer | Snooker | 1969–1988 | [122] |
Alex Higgins | 1972–1986 | |||
Cliff Thorburn | 1973–1989 | |||
Steve Davis | 1979–1989 | |||
Jimmy White | 1981–2007 | |||
Stephen Hendry | 1987–2009 | |||
Stephen Hendry | Jimmy White | 1986–2010 | ||
Ronnie O'Sullivan | 1993–2011 | |||
John Higgins | 1995–2012 | |||
Ronnie O'Sullivan | 1994–present | |||
Mark Selby | 2002–present | |||
Ding Junhui | 2005–present |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glenn Howard | Kevin Martin | — | [123] | |
Jennifer Jones | Kelly Scott | — | [124] |
1st party (Years active) | 2nd party (Years active) | Timespan | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Jocky Wilson (1978–1996) | Eric Bristow (1976–2007) | 1980–1989 | [89] |
John Lowe (1976–2007) | Eric Bristow (1976–2007) | 1978–1993 | |
Phil Taylor (1986–2018) | Raymond van Barneveld (1987–2019) | 2006–2018 | [23][165][166][167] |
Gerwyn Price (2014–present ) | Gary Anderson (2001–present) | 2018–present | [168][169][170] |
Luke Littler (2023–present ) | Luke Humphries (2011–present) | 2024–present |
1st party | 2nd party | Discipline | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Team SoloMid | Cloud9 | League of Legends | 2013–2023 | [172] | |
Alliance | Natus Vincere | Dota 2 | 2013–2016 | [173][174] | |
FaZe Clan | OpTic Gaming | Call of Duty, Counter-Strike | 2013–present | [175][176] | |
T1[lower-alpha 1] | Royal Never Give Up[lower-alpha 2] | League of Legends | 2013–present | ||
Edward Gaming | T1 | League of Legends | 2015–present | ||
Gen.G[lower-alpha 3] | T1 | League of Legends | 2014–present | [177][178] | |
SK Gaming | Virtus.pro | Counter-Strike | 2015–2018 | [179][180] | |
KT Rolster | T1 | StarCraft: Brood War, League of Legends | 2004–present | The Telecom Wars | [181] |
G2 Esports | Fnatic | League of Legends | 2016–present | [182] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
India | Pakistan | 1947–present | India–Pakistan field hockey rivalry | [183] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jerry Rice | Deion Sanders | 1989–1996 | — | [210] |
Tom Brady | Peyton Manning | 2000–2016 | Brady–Manning rivalry | |
Eli Manning | Peyton Manning | 2006–2013 | Manning Bowl |
ONEFA/CONADEIP (National College Association of American Football/National College Sports Commission of Private Institutions)[211]
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hamilton Tiger-Cats | Toronto Argonauts | 1873–present | Harold Ballard Trophy | [214][215] |
Hamilton Tiger-Cats | Montreal Alouettes/Concordes | 1982–present | Classique | [216][217] |
Winnipeg Blue Bombers | Saskatchewan Roughriders | 1936–present | Banjo Bowl | [218] |
Edmonton Elks | Calgary Stampeders | 1949–present | Battle of Alberta | [219] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Source |
---|---|---|---|
United States | People's Republic of China | — | [220] |
Japan | People's Republic of China | –present | [221] |
Russia | Romania | –present |
Lomza Vive Kielce vs. Orlen Wisla Plock
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Seabiscuit | War Admiral | 1938 | [242] |
Affirmed | Alydar | 1978–1979 | [243] |
Sunday Silence | Easy Goer | 1989 | [244] |
Hurricane Fly | Jezki | 2014 | [245] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article(s) | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Canada | Russia Soviet Union | 1954, but especially after 1972, to present | Summit Series 2008 IIHF World Championship final | [301] |
Canada men | USA men | 1920–present | Canada–United States rivalry | [302] |
Canada women | USA women | 1990–present | Canada–United States women's rivalry | [303] |
Canada U20 | USA U20 | 1973–present | Canada–United States junior rivalry | [304] |
Czechoslovakia | Soviet Union | 1954, but especially after 1968, to 1993 | 1954 World Ice Hockey Championships | [305] |
Czech Republic | Russia | 1993–present | 1998 Winter Olympics gold medal game 2010 IIHF World Championship final | [305] |
Czech Republic | Slovakia | 1994–present | Czech Republic–Slovakia rivalry | |
Finland | Sweden | 1932–present | — | [306][307] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article(s) | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sidney Crosby | Alexander Ovechkin | 2005–present | Capitals–Penguins rivalry | [308][309] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cornell | Princeton | 1922–present | Cornell–Princeton lacrosse rivalry | [310] |
Johns Hopkins | Loyola (MD) | 1939–present | Johns Hopkins–Loyola lacrosse rivalry | [311][312][313] |
Johns Hopkins | Maryland | 1895–present | Johns Hopkins–Maryland lacrosse rivalry | [314] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Markus Prock | Georg Hackl | 1988–2002 | – | [315] |
Tatjana Hüfner | Natalie Geisenberger | 2008–2019 | – | [316] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dave Leduc | Tun Tun Min | 2016–2018 | Dave Leduc vs. Tun Tun Min III | [328] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kim Jae-Bum | Ole Bischof | 2008–present | [13] | |
Anton Geesink | Akio Kaminaga | 1964 | [13] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Takanohana Kōji | Akebono Tarō | 1990–2000 | [329] |
Royal Robbins | Warren Harding | 1956-1971 | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Catherine Destivelle | Lynn Hill | 1985–1990 | [419] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Australian Netball Diamonds | New Zealand Silver Ferns | 1963–, especially 1996–present | [420] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Queensland Maroons | New South Wales Blues | First Rivalry Era 1908 to 1979, Modern Rivalry Era 1980 to present | [432] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | New Zealand | 1908 to present | Australia vs New Zealand in rugby league | [433] |
Australia | Great Britain / England | 1907 to present | Australia–England rugby league rivalry | [434] |
New Zealand | Great Britain / England | 1908 to present | [435] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mark Carroll | Paul Harragon | — | ||
Brad Fittler | Andrew Johns | — | ||
Andrew Johns | Brett Kimmorley | — | ||
Wendell Sailor | Adam MacDougall | — | ||
Benji Marshall | Johnathan Thurston | — | ||
Paul Gallen | Nate Myles | — | [436] | |
Sam Burgess | James Graham | — | [436] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Derby name | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Queensland Reds | New South Wales Waratahs | 1882–present | East Coast Derby | |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Derby name | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Stag San José | Universitarios Rugby Club | 1980s–present | Superclasico | |
Universitarios Rugby Club | Liceo CR Waikalas | 2000s–present | Student Derby |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Derby name | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Racing 92 | Stade Français | 1892–present [citation needed] | Paris derby | [437] |
Stade Français | Stade Toulousain | 1903–present [citation needed] | French Derby or Le derby des Stades | [438] |
Bayonne | Biarritz | 1908–present [citation needed] | Basque derby | [439] |
Brive | Clermont | 1927–present [citation needed] | Massif Central derby | [440] |
Perpignan | Béziers | Derby du Languedoc-Roussillon | [441] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Leinster | Munster | 1875–present | History of rugby union matches between Leinster and Munster | |
University College Dublin | Trinity College Dublin (DUFC) | 1919–present | The Colours Match | [442] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Derby name | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
VRAC | Rugby El Salvador | 1988–present | Derbi vallisoletano | |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Derby name | Source | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blues | Crusaders | 1996–present | El Clasico of New Zealand Rugby | ||
Blues | Chiefs | 1996–present | Battle of the Bombays | ||
Blues | Hurricanes | 1996–present | |||
Crusaders | Highlanders | 1996–present | Southern Derby | ||
Hurricanes | Crusaders | 1996–present | |||
Auckland | Canterbury | ||||
Auckland | North Harbour | Battle of the Bridge | |||
Auckland | Counties Manukau | Battle of the Bombays Part two | |||
Auckland | Waikato | Battle of the Bombays | |||
Canterbury | Tasman | Crusaders Derby | |||
Canterbury | Otago | ||||
Otago | Southland | Southern Derby |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
New Zealand All Blacks | South Africa Springboks | 1921 to present | History of rugby union matches between New Zealand and South Africa | [445] |
New Zealand All Blacks | Australia Wallabies | 1903 to present | History of rugby union matches between Australia and New Zealand Bledisloe Cup | [445] |
New Zealand All Blacks | Wales | 1905 to present | History of rugby union matches between New Zealand and Wales | [446] |
England | Wales | 1881 to present | History of rugby union matches between England and Wales | [445] |
England | France | 1906 to present | History of rugby union matches between England and France | [445] |
England | Scotland | 1871 to present | History of rugby union matches between England and Scotland | |
Australia Wallabies | South Africa Springboks | 1933 to present | History of rugby union matches between Australia and South Africa | |
Fiji | Samoa | 1924 to present | History of rugby union matches between Fiji and Samoa |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alinghi | BMW Oracle Racing | −2010 | 2010 America's Cup | [447] |
Ben Ainslie | Jonas Høgh-Christensen | −2012 | [448][449] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
South Korea | China | — | — | [450] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | Switzerland | — | — | [451] |
Lindsey Vonn | Maria Höfl-Riesch | −2014 | — | [452][453] |
Maria Walliser | Michaela Figini | — | — | [454] |
Marc Girardelli | Pirmin Zurbriggen | — | — | [455] |
Janica Kostelić | Anja Pärson | 2001–2006 | — | [456][457] |
Ted Ligety | Marcel Hirscher | — | — | [458] |
Katja Seizinger | Picabo Street | 1992–1998 | — | [459] |
Renate Götschl | Michaela Dorfmeister | — | — | [460] |
Marcel Hirscher | Henrik Kristoffersen | — | — | [461] |
Aksel Lund Svindal | Kjetil Jansrud | 2015–2019 | — | [462][463] |
Mikaela Shiffrin | Petra Vlhová | 2017–present | — | [464][465] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Emil Hegle Svendsen | Martin Fourcade | — | — | [466] |
Ole Einar Bjørndalen | Raphaël Poirée | — | — | [466] |
Martin Fourcade | Johannes Thingnes Bø | 2017—2020 | — | [467] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Norway | Sweden | — | — | [468] |
Marit Bjørgen | Justyna Kowalczyk | — | — | [469] |
Maiken Caspersen Falla | Stina Nilsson | — | — | [470] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adam Małysz | Janne Ahonen | 2002–2008 | — | [471] |
Adam Małysz | Martin Schmitt | 2001–2011 | — | [471] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kelly Slater | Andy Irons | 2002–2010 | [477] | |
Tom Curren | Mark Occhilupo | — | [477] |
1st party | 2nd party | Timespan | Article | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Swimming Australia | USA Swimming | 2000–present | Duel in the Pool | [478][479][480] |
Eleanor Simmonds | Victoria Arlen | 2012–present | [481][482] | |
Michael Phelps | Ryan Lochte | 2004–2016 | [483] | |
Alexander Popov | Gary Hall Jr. | 1996 | [13] | |
Kosuke Kitajima | Brendan Hansen | 2001–present | [484] | |
Leisel Jones | Rebecca Soni | 2008 | [13] | |
Shirley Babashoff | East German swimming team | 1976 | [13] | |
Michael Phelps Ryan Lochte | Tyler Clary | 2008–present | [485] | |
Michael Phelps | Milorad Čavić | 2008–2012 | [486][487][488] | |
Cameron van der Burgh | Adam Peaty | 2014–present | [489] | |
Michael Phelps | Chad le Clos | 2012, 2014–present | [490] |
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