Renal hypoplasia
Congenital abnormality of the kidneys / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Renal hypoplasia is a congenital abnormality in which one or both of the kidneys are smaller than normal,[5] resulting in a reduced nephron number[1] but with normal morphology.[4]
Quick Facts Other names, Specialty ...
Renal hypoplasia | |
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Other names | Hypoplastic kidneys |
An ultrasound scan of a hypoplastic right kidney in an adult male. | |
Specialty | Nephrology |
Complications | Anuria, chronic kidney disease, glomerular hyperfiltration, hypertension, proteinuria, sepsis, urinary tract infection, urinary tract obstruction, urolithiasis[1][2] |
Types | Simple, oligomeganephronic, segmental, cortical |
Causes | Mutation of the genes HNF1B, PAX2, PBX1[1] |
Diagnostic method | Ultrasound |
Differential diagnosis | Renal dysplasia, oligomeganephronia[3] |
Frequency | 1 in 400 births[4] |
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It is defined as abnormally small kidneys, where the size is less than two standard deviations below the expected mean for the corresponding demographics, and the morphology is normal.[4][1] The severity of the disease depends on whether hypoplasia is unilateral or bilateral, and the degree of reduction in the number of nephrons.[1]