Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi

Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi (known as Qari Muhammad Tayyib) was an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar who served as Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband for more than half a century. He was grandson of Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi, the founder of the Darul Uloom Deoband.^[3][4]

Qari Muhammad Tayyib قاری محمد طیب
10th Vice-Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband
In office 1929 – 9 August 1982
Preceded by	Habibur Rahman Usmani
Succeeded by	Marghoobur Rahman Bijnori
Personal details
Born	Muzaffaruddin/Khurshid Qasim May 1897 (1897-05) Deoband, British India
Died	17 July 1983(1983-07-17) (aged 86) Deoband, India
Resting place	Deoband, India
Children	Muhammad Salim Qasmi (son)
Parent	Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad (father)
Relatives	Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi (grandfather), Muhammad Sufyan Qasmi (grandson), Abidullah Ghazi (grandson)
Alma mater	Darul Uloom Deoband
Notable work(s)	Human Being: A Distinguished Creature, The Maslak of Ulama of Deoband, Mas'ala Zuban-e-Urdu Hindustan Mein
Religious life
Religion	Islam
Denomination	Sunni
Founder of	All India Muslim Personal Law Board
Jurisprudence	Hanafi
Creed	Maturidi[1]
Movement	Deobandi
Muslim leader
Disciple of	Ashraf Ali Thanwi
Students Tafazzul Haque Habiganji[2] Qazi Mu'tasim Billah Naseer Ahmad Khan

Biography

Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi was born in 1892 or 1897 into the Siddiqi family of Nanauta.^[a][5] He served as Deputy Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband from 1344 AH to 1347 AH (1924 to 1928 AD).^[6][7][b] He succeeded Habibur Rahman Usmani as Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom in mid-1348 AH (1929 AH) and resigned on August 9, 1982 AD (Dhu al-Qadah 18, 1402 AH), after disagreements and disturbances erupted in Darul Uloom Deoband in 1980 (1400 AH).^{[9][7][10][11][12]} He also founded the All India Muslim Personal Law Board and headed it until his death.^[3][4]

He wrote devotional poetry in Urdu to Muhammed, entitled Nabi e Akram Shafi e Azam. His poetical compositions have been published as Irfan-e-Arif.^[4]

He died in Deoband on 17 July 1983. His funeral prayer was led by his eldest son Muhammad Salim Qasmi.^[3][13]

Literary works

Muhammad Tayyib’s books include:^[4]

• Al-Tashabbuh fil-Islam
• Mashaheer-e-Ummat
• Kalimat-e-Tayyibat
• Atyab al-Thamar fi Mas'alat al-Qaza wal-Qadr
• Science aur Islam
• Talimat-e-Islam aur Maseehi Aqwaam
• Mas'alah Zuban-e-Urdu Hindustan Mein
• Din-o-Siyasat
• Asbab Urooj-o-Zawaley Aqwaam
• Islami Azadi Ka Mukammal Program
• Al-Ijtehad wal Taqleed
• Usool Dawat-e-Islam
• Islami Masawat
• Fitri Hukumat

Translations of his books

• Human Being: A Distinguished Creature ^[14]
• The Maslak of Ulama of Deoband^[15]
• Islam and Sectarianism^[16]

See also

• List of Darul Uloom Deoband alumni

Notes

1. Shakaib Qasmi and Ghulam Nabi Qasmi state the birth year to be 1892 and Syed Mehboob Rizwi and Noor Alam Khalil Amini maintain the point that Qari Tayyab was born in 1897. However, both mention 1315 AH as his birth year.^[3][4]
2. In 1341 AH, he was appointed as Deputy Vice Chancellor, but he resigned so that he could engage in academic and educational pursuits with equality; however, he had to assume this position again.^[8]

References

1. Qasmi, Muhammad Tayyib (2020). Sharh Aqida Tahawiyya. Qasim al-Ulum.
2. উবাইদুল্লাহ, মুনশি মুহাম্মদ. "আল্লামা তাফাজ্জুল হক হবিগঞ্জী (রহ.)". DailyInqilabOnline (in Bengali). Retrieved 10 August 2020.
3. Mohammad Shakaib Qasmi; Ghulam Nabi Qasmi. The Life and Times of Hakimul Islam Mawlana Qari Muhammad Tayyib (PDF). Hujjat al-Islam Academy, Darul Uloom Waqf, Deoband. pp. 24, 194. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
4. Rizwi, Syed Mehboob. History of The Dar al-Ulum Deoband (Volume 2). Translated by Murtaz Husain F. Quraishi (First Print 1981 ed.). Idara-e-Ehtemam, Dar al-Ulum Deoband. pp. 175, 178.
5. Gīlānī, Manāzir Ahsan. Sawānih Qāsmi [Biography of Qāsim] (in Urdu). Vol. 1. Deoband: Maktaba Darul Uloom Deoband. p. 113.
6. Tayyib, Qari Muhammad (June 1965). Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Sad-Sāla Zindagi [Centenary Life of Darul Uloom Deoband] (in Urdu) (1st ed.). Deoband: VC Office, Darul Uloom. pp. 96, 101.
7. Qasmi, Muhammadullah (October 2020). Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Jame O Mukhtasar Tareekh (in Urdu) (2nd ed.). India: Shaikh-Ul-Hind Academy. pp. 583, 585, 747, 750. OCLC 1345466013.
8. Rizwi, Syed Mehboob (1980). History of The Dar al-Ulum Deoband. Vol. 1. Translated by Murtaz Husain F. Quraishi. Idara-e-Ehtemam, Dar al-Ulum Deoband. pp. 216–217.
9. Amini, Noor Alam Khalil (June 2010). Pas-e-Marg Zindah (in Urdu) (3rd ed.). Deoband: Idara Ilm-o-Adab. pp. 159, 173.
10. Mufti Taqi Usmani. "Qari Muhammad Tayyab". Nuqoosh-e-Raftgaan (in Urdu) (April 2007 ed.). Karachi: Maktabatul Maarif. pp. 193–194.
11. Ernst, Carl W.; Martin, Richard C. (27 November 2012). Rethinking Islamic Studies: From Orientalism to Cosmopolitanism. Univ of South Carolina Press. ISBN 9781611172317. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
12. Reetz, Dietrich (2008). "Change and Stagnation in Islamic Education". The Madrasa in Asia. Amsterdam University Press. p. 78. ISBN 9789053567104. JSTOR j.ctt46n10w.6. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
13. Noor Alam Khalil Amini. Pas-e-Marg-e-Zindah (PDF) (in Urdu). Idara Ilm-o-Adab, Deoband. pp. 108–172 – via Archive.org.

    • Amini states that Qari Tayyab was selected as mohtamim in 1928 and he remained in this post throughout his life. However, the 1980-1982 phase of Darul Uloom Deoband is regarded as one of the darkest phases of its history which led to bifurcation of Darul Uloom and then formation of Darul Uloom Waqf, Deoband. Hence, the later years have been skipped and his timeline as a VC of Deoband is stated as 1928-1980.
14. Qari Muhammad Tayyib. Human Being: A Distinguished Creature (PDF). Translated by Muhammad Javaid Qasmi. Hujjat al-Islam Academy, Darul Uloom Waqf, Deoband. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
15. Qari Muhammad Tayyib. The Maslak of Ulama of Deoband (PDF). Translated by Afzal Hoosen Elias. Zam Zam Publishers. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
16. Qari Muhammad Tayyib. Islam and Sectarianism (PDF). Translated by Javaid Qasmi. Hujjat al-Islam Academy, Darul Uloom Waqf, Deoband. Retrieved 31 May 2019.

Source

• Moosa, E. (1 November 2010). "History and Normativity in Traditional Indian Muslim Thought: Reading Shari'a in the Hermeneutics of Qari Muhammad Tayyab (d.1983)". Rethinking Islamic Studies: 281–301.
• Shah, Syed Ihsan Ullah; Ullah, Atta (2021). "Hakim ul Islam Qari Tayyab Qasmi style of acting in biography". Malakand University Research Journal of Islamic Studies (in Urdu). 3 (2): 51–63. ISSN 2708-6577.
• Sanaullah, Syed; Shah, Syed Hayder (2018). "Qari Muhammad Tayyab as seerah Writer". Rahat-ul-Quloob (in Urdu). 2 (2): 216–228. doi:10.51411/rahat.2.2.2018.43. ISSN 2521-2869. S2CID 239101350.
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