Mount Heng (Shanxi)

Not to be confused with Mount Heng (Hunan).

Mount Heng, also known by its Chinese name Hengshan, is a mountain in north-central China's Shanxi Province, known as the northern mountain of the Five Great Mountains of China. Heng Shan in Shanxi Province is sometimes known as the Northern Heng Shan, and the one in Hunan Province as Southern Heng Shan. Both mountains have the same pronunciation in Chinese, and the Southern Heng Shan is also one of the Five Sacred Mountains.

Heng Shan
View from the summit of Heng Shan
Highest point
Elevation	2,017 m (6,617 ft)
Coordinates	39°40′26″N 113°44′08″E
Geography
Location	Shanxi, China

Mount Heng
"Mount Heng" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
Simplified Chinese	恒山
Traditional Chinese	恆山
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Héngshān Wade–Giles Hêng-shan IPA [xə̌ŋ ʂán] Wu Romanization Oen去 se平 Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Hàhng sāan Jyutping Hang4 saan1 Southern Min Hokkien POJ Hêng-soaⁿ Tâi-lô Hîng san

Former names
Mount Chang
Chinese	常山
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Chángshān Wade–Giles Ch‘ang-shan

History

Like the other mountains in China with strong Taoist presence, Heng Shan has been considered a sacred mountain since the Zhou dynasty. Due to its northerly location, often under control of non-Chinese nations, the mountain has a weaker history of pilgrimage than its four fellows. Indeed, to this day it is the least-visited and least-developed of the five, also the smallest in area. Because of this, Hengshan is not nearly as religiously important in China as the other Taoist mountains.^[1] But as a further consequence, it is also less commercialized—there are no hotels on the mountain, for instance. The main peak is a lovely hike of around three hours round trip from the parking lot (a few miles up the mountain from where you buy the ticket), with the summit covered in fragrant lilac blossoms in June, and temples set into the cliffs. The slopes are largely covered with hemlocks, pines, elm, fir, poplar, and hawthorn, in the barer areas.

Temples

During the Han dynasty, a temple called the Shrine of the Northern Peak (Beiyue Miao), dedicated to the mountain god was built on Hengshan's slopes. While periodically destroyed and rebuilt, this temple has an uninterrupted history from Han times to the present day.^[1] During times of occupation by non-Han Chinese people, worship to Hengshan was done at the Beiyue Temple in Quyang.

Another temple of the area is the famous Hanging Temple, built more than 1,500 years ago into a cliff near the Mount.

References

Notes

1. Goosseart (2008), p. 481.

Sources

• Goossaert, Vincent. "Hengshan." in Fabrizio Pregadio, ed., The Encyclopedia of Taoism (London: Routledge, 2008), 481–482.