List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 11

The following is a list of the Dead Sea Scrolls from the cave 11 near Qumran.

List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 11
A view of part of the Temple Scroll that was found in Qumran Cave 11.
Material	Parchment, leather
Writing	Hebrew, Aramaic
Created	Est. 408 BCE to 318 CE
Discovered	1956
Present location	Qumran

Description

Wadi Qumran Cave 11 was discovered in 1956 and yielded 21 texts of Dead Sea Scrolls, some of which were quite lengthy. The Temple Scroll, so called because more than half of it pertains to the construction of the Temple of Jerusalem, was found in Cave 11, and is by far the longest scroll. It is now 26.7 feet (8.15 m) long. Its original length may have been over 28 feet (8.75 m). The Temple Scroll was regarded by Yigael Yadin as "The Torah According to the Essenes". On the other hand, Hartmut Stegemann, a contemporary and friend of Yadin, believed the scroll was not to be regarded as such, but was a document without exceptional significance. Stegemann notes that it is not mentioned or cited in any known Essene writing.^[1]

Found also in Cave 11 was the Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus scroll, and an eschatological fragment about the biblical figure Melchizedek (11Q13). Cave 11 also produced a copy of Jubilees.

According to former chief editor of the DSS editorial team John Strugnell, there are at least four privately owned scrolls from Cave 11, that have not yet been made available for scholars. Among them is a complete Aramaic manuscript of the Book of Enoch·.^[2]

List of manuscripts

Some resources for more complete information on the scrolls are the book by Emanuel Tov, "Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert"^[3] for a complete list of all of the Dead Sea Scroll texts, as well as the online webpages for the Shrine of the Book^[4] and the Leon Levy Collection,^[5] both of which present photographs and images of the scrolls and fragments themselves for closer study. Information is not always comprehensive, as content for many scrolls has not yet been fully published.

Fragment or scroll identifier	Fragment or scroll name	Alternative identifier	English Bible Association	Language	Date/script	Description	Reference
Qumran Cave 11
11QpaleoLeva	Paleo-Leviticusa	11Q1	Leviticus 4:24–26; 10:4–7; 11:27–32; 13:3–9; 13:39–43; 14:16–21; 14:52–15:5; 16:2–4; 16:34–17:5; 18:27–19:4; 20:1–6; 21:6–11; 22:21–27; 23:22–29; 24:9–14; 25:28–36; 26:17–26; 27:11–19	Hebrew	Herodian/palaeo-Hebrew script		[5]
11QLevb	Leviticusb	11Q2	Leviticus	Hebrew	Herodian/palaeo-Hebrew script		[5]
11QDeut	Deuteronomy	11Q3	Deuteronomy 1:4–5; 2:28–30	Hebrew	50 CE Late Herodian		[6]
11QEzek	Ezekiel	11Q4	Ezekiel	Hebrew	Herodian		[7][8]
11QPs	The Great Psalms Scroll	11Q5	Psalms	Hebrew	Herodian	A unique Psalms scroll with only about a quarter of the Masoretic psalms (in atypical order), three Syriac psalms, one from Ben Sira, and the only known copies of three more unique psalms—Plea for Deliverance, Apostrophe to Zion, and Hymn to the Creator—all of which are unattested by other sources, as well as the short text of David's Compositions.	[5]
11QPsa	Psalms	11Q5		Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QPsb		11Q6	Psalm 77:18–21; 78:1; 109:3–4; 118:1; 118:15–16; 119:163–165; 133:1–3; 141:10; 144:1–2	Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QPsc		11Q7	Psalm 2:1–8; 9:3–7; 12:5–9; 13:1–6; 14:1–6; 17:9–15; 18:1–12; 19:4–8; 25:2–7	Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QPsd		11Q8	Psalm 6:2–4; 9:3–6; 18:26–29; 18:39–42; 36:13; 37:1–4; 39:13–14; 40:1; 43:1–3; 45:6–8; 59:5–8; 68:1–5; 68:14–18; 78:5–12; 81:4–9; 86:11–14; 115:16–18; 116:1	Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QPse		11Q9	Psalm 50:3–7	Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QtgJob	Targum Job	11Q10	Job	Aramaic	Herodian	A unique Aramaic translation of the Book of Job; presents Job somewhat more favourably.	[5]
11QapocrPs	Apocryphal Psalms	11Q11	Psalm 91	Hebrew	Herodian	Apocryphal paraphrase of Psalms 91	[5]
11QJub	Jubilees	11Q12		Hebrew	Herodian	Ethiopic text of Jubilees 4:6–11; 4:13–14; 4:16–17; 4:29–31; 5:1–2; 12:15–17; 12:28–29	[5]
11QMelch	Melchizedek	11Q13	Contains Pesher/commentary on Leviticus 25:13; Deuteronomy 15:2; Psalm 7:8–9; 82:2; Isaiah 52:7; Daniel 9:25; Leviticus 25:9	Hebrew	50–25 BCE or 75–50 BCE Late Hasmonean or Early Herodian	Describes a tenth jubilee and portrays Melchizedek as a messianic agent of salvation, using similar language to that used for Jesus in Hebrews, such as "Heavenly Prince Melchizedek"	[5][6]
11Q Sefer ha-Milhamah	Sefer ha-Milhamah ("The Book of War")	11Q14		Hebrew	Herodian	An account of the final eschatological battle of the Israelites and the Kittim (Romans), including a messianic figure named the "Prince of the Congregation."	[5]
11QHymnsa	Hymns	11Q15		Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QHymnsb		11Q16		Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QShirShabb	Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice	11Q17		Hebrew	Herodian	Collection of 13 hymns describing a heavenly temple service.	[5]
11QNJ	New Jerusalem	11Q18		Aramaic	Herodian	Appears to be an apocalyptic vision, including some architectural details of a very large city (cf. Ezekiel and Revelation)	[5]
11QTa	Temple Scroll	11Q19		Hebrew	Herodian	Rephrases the Pentateuch laws in the spirit of Deuteronomy, seeks to resolve biblical legal conflicts and expand ritual laws.	[5]
11QTb	Temple Scroll	11Q20		Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11QTc		11Q21		Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
11Q Unidentified	Unidentified	11Q22		Hebrew	Hasmonean	Unidentified fragments.	[5]
		11Q23		Hebrew	Hellenistic-Roman		[5]
		11Q24		Aramaic	Hasmonean		[5]
		11Q25		Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
		11Q26		Hebrew	Herodian		[5]
		11Q27		Hebrew	Hellenistic-Roman		[5]
		11Q28		Hebrew	Hellenistic-Roman		[5]
		11Q29				Serekh ha-Yahad related
11Q Unidentified	Unidentified	11Q30		Hebrew	Herodian	Unidentified fragments.	[5]
11Q Unidentified	Unidentified	11Q31				Unidentified fragment	[9]
11Q9999	Unidentified				Hellenistic-Roman		[5]

See also

• Biblical manuscripts
• Septuagint manuscripts
• List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts

References

1. Stegemann, Hartmut. "The Qumran Essenes: Local Members of the Main Jewish Union in Late Second Temple Times." Pages 83–166 in The Madrid Qumran Congress: Proceedings of the International Congress on the Dead Sea Scrolls, Madrid, 18–21 March 1991, Edited by J. Trebolle Barrera and L. Vegas Montaner. Vol. 11 of Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah. Leiden: Brill, 1992.
2. Shanks, Hershel (July–August 1994). "An Interview with John Strugnell". Biblical Archaeology Review. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
3. Tov, Emanuel (2010). Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert. Brill. ISBN 9789047443797.
4. "Shrine Of The Book – The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls".
5. "Leon Levy Collection". Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library. Israel Antiquities Authority. Retrieved 2015-01-22.
6. OakTree Software, Inc. Accordance 10: Bible Software. 2008.
7. Fitzmyer 2008, p. 110.
8. 11Q4 - 11QEzek at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
9. 11Q31 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library.

Bibliography

• Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (2008). A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. ISBN 9780802862419.
• Humbert, Jean-Baptiste; Fidanzio, Marcello, eds. (2019). Khirbet Qumrân and Aïn Feshkha IV A: Qumran Cave 11Q: Archaeology and New Scroll Fragments. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3-647-56469-2.

External links

• A Catalog of Biblical Passages in the Dead Sea Scrolls by David Washburn, 2002
• Textual Criticism: Recovering the Text of the Hebrew Bible by Peter Kyle McCarter, 1986