List of mammals of Hong Kong

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Hong Kong. There are 68 mammal species in Hong Kong.^[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX	Extinct	No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW	Extinct in the wild	Known only to survive in captivity or as in naturalised populations well outside its previous range.
CR	Critically endangered	The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN	Endangered	The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU	Vulnerable	The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT	Near threatened	The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC	Least concern	There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD	Data deficient	There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cd	Lower risk/conservation dependent	Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt	Lower risk/near threatened	Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc	Lower risk/least concern	Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

Suborder: Haplorhini
- Infraorder: Simiiformes
  - Parvorder: Catarrhini
    - Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
      - Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
        Genus: Macaca
        Rhesus macaque, Macaca mulatta LC reintroduced
        
        Crab-eating macaque, Macaca fascicularis VU introduced

The order Rodentia is a large group of mammals. They have two incisors in the upper as well as in the lower jaw which grow continuously and must be kept worn down by gnawing.

Muridae
- Subfamily: Murinae
  - Genus: Bandicota
    - Greater bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis LC
    - Chestnut spiny rat, Niviventer fulvescens LC
    - House mouse, Mus musculus LC introduced
    - Brown rat, Rattus norvegicus LC introduced
    - Ryukyu mouse, Mus caroli LC
    - Sikkim rat, Rattus andamanensis LC
    - Asiatic house rat, Rattus tanezumi LC
    - Roof rat, Rattus rattus LC introduced
Family:Sciuridae
- Pallas's squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus LC introduced
Family: Hystricidae (porcupine)
- Genus: Hystrix
  - Malayan porcupine, Hystrix brachyuraLC

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 50% of all mammals.

Family: Pteropodidae
- Genus: Rousettus
  - Leschenault's rousette, Rousettus leschenaultia LC
- Genus: Cynopterus
  - Greater short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx LC (common)
Family: Emballonuridae
- Genus: Taphozous
  - Black-bearded tomb bat, Taphozous melanopogon LC
Family: Rhinolophidae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
  - Rufous horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus rouxi LC (common)
  - Intermediate horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus affinus LC (common)
  - Least horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus pusillus LC (common)
Family: Hipposideridae
- Genus: Hipposideros
  - Pomona roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pomona EN (common)
  - Himalayan roundleaf bat, Hipposideros armigerLC
Family: Vespertilionidae
- Genus: Myotis
  - Large myotis, Myotis chinensis LC
  - Rickett's big-footed bat, Myotis ricketti NT
  - Myotis fimbriatusLC
  - Horsfield's bat, Myotis horsfieldii LC (rare in the region)
  - Daubenton's bat, Myotis daubentonii LC rare)
- Genus: Pipistrellus
  - Japanese pipistrelle, Pipistrellus abramus LC (abundant)
  - Chinese pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pulveratus LC (rare)
- Genus: Nyctalus
  - Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula LC
- Genus: Tylonycteris
  - Lesser bamboo bat, Tylonycteris pachypus LC (rare in the region)
  - Greater bamboo bat, Tylonycteris robustula LC
- Genus: Scotophilus
  - Lesser yellow bat, Scotophilus kuhlii LC (rare)
- Genus: Miniopterus
  - Western bent-winged bat, Miniopterus magnater LC (common)
  - Common bent-wing bat, Miniopterus schreibersii VU (rare)
  - Small bent-winged bat, Miniopterus pusillus LC
Family:Molossidae
- Genus: Chaerephon
  - Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat, Chaerephon plicata LC

The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

Family: Manidae
- Genus: Manis
  - Chinese pangolin, Manis pentadactyla CR

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenidae
  - Genus: Eubalaena
    - North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica EN ^[2]
- Family: Balaenopteridae
  - Subfamily: Megapterinae
    - Genus: Megaptera
      - Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC (very rare today)
  - Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
    - Genus: Balaenoptera
      - Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC (unconfirmed)
      - Omura's whale, Balaenoptera brydei DD (possible)^[3]
      - Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera brydei DD
      - Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN (unconfirmed)
Suborder: Odontoceti
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
  - Genus: Physeter
    - Family: Physeteridae
      - Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
  - Family: Kogiidae
    - Genus: Kogia
      - Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps DD
  - Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
  - Family: Phocoenidae
    - Genus: Neophocaena
      - Indo-Pacific finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides VU
    - Genus: Sousa
      - Chinese white dolphin, Sousa chinensis NT (Locally CR)
    - Genus: Tursiops
      - Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD
      - Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus DD
    - Genus: Delphinus
      - Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis DD
    - Genus: Stenella
      - Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC
      - Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD
      - Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC
    - Genus: Steno
      - Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC
    - Genus: Lagenodelphis
      - Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD
    - Genus: Grampus
      - Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC
    - Genus: Pseudorca
      - False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens NT

The order Artiodactyla in Hong Kong are mainly herbivore which feed only on plant material, except wild boar.

Family: Bovidae
- Genus: Bubalus
  - Water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis introduced
Family: Bovidae
- Genus: Bos
  - Zebu, Bos indicus introduced
Family: Cervidae
- Genus: Muntiacus
  - Reeves's muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi LC
Family: Suidae
- Genus: Sus
  - Wild boar, Sus scrofa LC

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
  - Subfamily: Felinae
    - Genus: Prionailurus
      - Leopard cat, Prionailurus bengalensis LC
    - Genus: Felis
      - Domestic cat, Felis catus introduced
  - Subfamily: Pantherinae
    - Genus: Panthera
      - Tiger, Panthera tigris EN extirpated
      - Clouded leopard, Neofelis nebulosaVU extirpated
      - Leopard, Panthera pardus VU extirpated^[4]
- Family: Canidae (dog, wolf etc.)
  - Subfamily: Caninae
    - Genus: Cuon
      - Dhole, Cuon alpinus EN extirpated
    - Genus: Vulpes
      - Red fox, Vulpes vulpes LC extirpated
    - Genus: Canis
      - Domestic dog, Canis familiaris introduced
- Family: Viverridae (civets, etc.)
  - Subfamily: Viverrinae
    - Genus: Viverricula
      - Large Indian civet, Viverra zibetha LC extirpated
      - Small Indian civet, Viverricula indica LC
      - Masked palm civet, Paguma larvata LC
- Family:Herpestidae (mongoose)
  - Subfamily:Herpestinae
    - Genus: Urva
      - Javan mongoose, Urva javanica LC
      - Crab-eating mongoose, Urva urva LC
Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
  - Genus: Mustela
    - Yellow-bellied weasel, Mustela kathiah LC
  - Genus: Lutra
    - European otter, Lutra lutra NT
  - Genus: Melogale
    - Chinese ferret badger, Melogale moschata LC

[1]
This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
[2]
新闻聚焦. 2015. 惠州近深圳海域再现座头鲸原创. The Tencent Video. Retrieved April 4, 2017
[3]
"大埔でクジラの死骸を発見".
[4]
Stein, A.B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro-Garcia, S.; Kamler, J. F.; Laguardia, A.; Khorozyan, I. & Ghoddousi, A. (2020). "Panthera pardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T15954A163991139.

"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Hong Kong". IUCN. 2001. Retrieved 22 May 2007. ^{[dead link]}
"Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
"Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.

[1] [1]
This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.

[2] [2]
新闻聚焦. 2015. 惠州近深圳海域再现座头鲸原创. The Tencent Video. Retrieved April 4, 2017

[3] [3]
"大埔でクジラの死骸を発見".

[4] [4]
Stein, A.B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro-Garcia, S.; Kamler, J. F.; Laguardia, A.; Khorozyan, I. & Ghoddousi, A. (2020). "Panthera pardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T15954A163991139.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

List of mammals of Hong Kong

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List of mammals of Hong Kong

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Order: Primates

Order: Rodentia (mice, squirrel, etc)

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)

Order: Cetacea (whales)

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

See also

Notes

References