This is a list of historians categorized by their area of study. See also List of historians and List of women historians by area of study.
- Sedat Alp (1913, Veroia, The Ottoman Empire - 2006, Ankara, Türkiye) Hittitolog- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
- Ekrem Akurgal (1911, Haifa, The Ottoman Empire- 2002, İzmir, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
- Leonie Archer (born 1955) – Graeco-Roman Palestine
- Mary Beard (born 1955)
- Anatoly Bokschanin (1903–1979) – Roman history
- Fernand Braudel (1902, Luméville-en-Ornois, France - 1985, Cluses, France ) Roman history
- Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton (1900–1903) – Roman history and prosopography
- Halet Çambel (1916, Berlin, Germany- 2014, İstanbul, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
- Michael Crawford (born 1939)
- Roland Étienne (born 1944, French) – Ancient Greece and Hellenistic period
- Moses Finley (1912–1986)
- Edward Gibbon (1737–1794) – The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
- Adrian Goldsworthy (born 1969, British) – Roman history
- Peter Green (1924–2024) – Ancient Greece and Macedon
- Herodotus
- Keith Hopkins (1934–2004) - Roman history
- Muazzez İlmiye Çığ (born 1914, Bursa-Türkiye) Sumerologist, Sumerian history
- Josephus
- Yuliya Kolosovskaya (1920–2002) – Roman history and Roman provinces of the Danube
- Sergey Kovalev (1886–1960) – Hellenistic and Roman period
- Mikhail Kublanov (1914–1998)
- Barbara Levick (1931–2023) – Roman emperors
- Livy
- Ramsay MacMullen (1928–2022) – History of Rome
- Nikolai Mashkin (1900–1950) – Roman history
- Fergus Millar (1935–2019)
- Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903) History of Rome
- Barthold Georg Niebuhr (1776–1831) – Roman history
- Orosius
- Tahsin Özgüç (1916, Kardzhali, The Ottoman Empire- 2005, Ankara, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
- Edward Togo Salmon (1905–1988) - Roman history
- Howard Hayes Scullard (1903–1983) – Roman civilization
- Mariya Sergeyenko (1891–1987) – Roman agriculture and daily life
- Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – Ancient India
- Elena Shtaerman (1914–1991) – Roman history
- Suetonius
- Ronald Syme (1903–1989) – Classical period
- Tacitus
- Joseph Tainter (born 1949)
- Lily Ross Taylor (1886–1969) - Roman history
- Thucydides
- Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (born 1951)
- Max Weber (1864–1920)
- Xenophon
- Polybius
- John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. (born 1939) - American medievalist specialized in the history of Central and Southeastern Europe, and Balkans
- Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – early medieval History of India
- Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (born 1940) – historian of medieval medicine
- Placido Puccinelli (1609–1685, Italian) – Northern Italy in the 10th century and the Florentine church
- Marc Bloch (1886–1944, French) – Medieval France
- John Boswell (1947–1994, American) – Homosexuality in the Middle Ages
- Norman Cantor (1930–2004)
- Georges Duby (1924–1996, French) – Specialized in the history of France between the Capets and the Valois
- François-Louis Ganshof (1895–1980), Belgian – wrote on early medieval institutional history and feudalism
- Geoffrey of Monmouth
- Giraldus Cambrensis
- Johan Huizinga (1872–1945, Dutch) – cultural history, wrote Waning of the Middle Ages
- Jacques Le Goff (1924–2014, French) – Middle Ages, particularly the 12th and 13th centuries
- Rev. F. X. Martin (1922–2000, Irish) – Mediævalist and campaigner
- Rosamond McKitterick (born 1949) – Frankish and Carolingian history
- Henri Pirenne (1862–1935) – the "Pirenne Thesis" of early Medieval development
- Eileen Power (1889–1940) – Middle Ages
- Miri Rubin (born 1956) – social and religious history, 1100–1500
- Steven Runciman (1903–2000) – the Crusades
- Richard Southern (1912–2001)
- Sidney Painter (1902–1960)
- John Julius Norwich (1929–2018)
- John V. Tolan (born 1959)
- Chris Wickham (born 1950)
- Retha Warnicke (born 1939)
- Aaron Gurevich (1924–2006)
- Jerome Lee Shneidman (1929–2008) – psychohistory[1]
- Michael Prestwich (born 1943)
- Alessandro Barbero (born 1959)
- Dick Harrison (born 1966)
- Satish Chandra (1922–2017)
- Irfan Habib (born 1931)
- Michel Kaplan (born 1946, French) – Byzantinist
- Gina Fasoli (1905–1992) – medieval cities, feudal society, and Lombardy
North America
- Henry Adams (1838–1918) – history of the United States in the presidential administrations of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
- Stephen Ambrose (1936–2002) – biographer of Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard M. Nixon
- Edward L. Ayers (born 1953) – U.S. South, founder of the Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities (IATH) and Digital Scholarship Lab
- George Bancroft (1800–1891) – wrote first large-scale history of the US
- Charles A. Beard (1874–1948) – revisionist history of Founding Fathers suggesting monetary motivations
- Samuel Flagg Bemis (1891–1973) – U.S. foreign policy; won two Pulitzer Prizes
- Ira Berlin (1941–2018) - Slavery
- William Brandon (1914–2002) – historian of the American West and Native Americans.
- Holly Brewer (born 1964) – early American History
- Alan Brinkley (1949–2019) – historian of the Great Depression
- David H. Burton - U.S. historian and biographer of presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft as well as Clara Barton and Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
- Bruce Catton (1899–1978) – American Civil War
- William Cronon (born 1954) – American environmental history, the frontier in New England, and the American West
- J. Frank Dobie (1888–1964) – historian of Texas and the Southwestern United States
- David Herbert Donald (1920–2009)
- W. E. B. Du Bois (1868–1963) – historian of the Reconstruction
- Drew Gilpin Faust (born 1947) – Civil War, culture of death, and the Confederacy
- Robert H. Ferrell (1921–2018) – Harry S. Truman, the 20th-century U.S. presidency, World War I
- Eric Foner (born 1943) – Civil War and Reconstruction
- John Hope Franklin (1915–2009) – historian of African Americans
- John A. Garraty (1920–2007) – biography
- Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941–2007) – Southern slavery, women's history
- Doris Kearns Goodwin (born 1943) - U.S. presidents, won a Pulitzer Prize in 1995 for No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II
- Richard Hofstadter (1916–1970) – Progressivism and U.S. political history
- Daniel Walker Howe - political and intellectual history of the early republic and antebellum period
- Peter Iverson – 20th century U.S. West/Native American history (emphasis in Navajo history)
- Paul Johnson (born 1928) – author of A History of the American People and a biographer of George Washington
- Winthrop Jordan (1931–2007) – African-American history
- David Lavender (1910–2003) – Western United States
- David McCullough (1933–2022) – general study, most notable work is recent biography of John Adams
- James M. McPherson (born 1936) – American Civil War
- Pauline Maier (1938–2013) – late Colonial, Revolution, Constitution
- D. W. Meinig (1924–2020) – geographic history of America
- Philip D. Morgan (born 1949) – slavery
- David Nasaw (born 1945) – biography and U.S. cultural history
- Francis Parkman (1823–1893) – historian of the French and Indian War
- William B. Pickett (born 1940)
- David Pietrusza (born 1949) - 20th century presidential elections; biography
- Dominic Sandbrook (born 1974) – political history of the 1960s and 1970s
- Arthur Schlesinger Sr. (1888–1965)
- Arthur Schlesinger Jr. (1917–2007)
- Cornelius Cole Smith, Jr. (1913–2004) – historian of Arizona, California and the Southwestern United States
- Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – biography, foreign policy, political economy, constitutional law, legal history, and politics
- Irma Tam Soong (1912–2001) – history of Chinese immigration in Hawaii
- Frederick Jackson Turner (1861–1932) – developed the Frontier Thesis
- Frank Vandiver (1925–2005)
- Alexander Scott Withers (1792–1865) – primary accounts of colonial western Virginia conflicts
- Sean Wilentz (born 1951) - political, social, and cultural history
- Betty Wood (1945–2021) – early American history
- Gordon S. Wood (born 1933) - American Revolution
- C. Vann Woodward (1908–1999) – Southern United States
- Howard Zinn (1922–2010) – political scientist and historian of the United States, known for A People's History of the United States
Europe
History of the British Empire
- Lorenzo Arnone Sipari (born 1973) – social and environmental Italian history
- R.J.B. Bosworth (born 1943) – Fascism, Mussolini
- Benedetto Croce (1866–1952) – philosophy of history, modern Italian history
- Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Renaissance art and Sicily
- Renzo De Felice (1929–1996) – Fascism, biographer of Mussolini
- John Foot (born 1964) – modern Italy history, The City
- Emilio Gentile (born 1946) – Fascism
- Carlo Ginzburg (born 1939) – witchcraft and agrarian cults, microhistory
- Alessandra Kersevan (born 1950) – Italian concentration camps
- Claudio Pavone (1920–2016) – Italian fascism, World War II, anti-fascism
- Effie Pedaliu – Italian war crimes
- John Pollard (born 1944) – The church and Fascism
- Paul Ginsborg (born 1945) – The Risorgimento, Italian modern and contemporary history
- Lucy Riall (born 1962) – The Risorgimento, Garibaldi, Sicily
- Gaetano Salvemini (1873–1957) – Fascism, French Revolution
- Denis Mack Smith (1920–2017) – Italian modern history
- Arrigo Petacco (1929–2018) – Fascism
History of Moldova/Bessarabia
- James Fall, 1682
- William Robertson (1721–1793), 1763–1793
- John Gillies (1747–1836), 1793–1836
- George Brodie (1786–1967), 1836–1867
- John Hill Burton (1809–1881), 1867–1881
- William Forbes Skene (1809–1892), 1881–1893
- David Masson (1822–1907), 1893–1908
- Peter Hume Brown (1849–1918), 1908–1919
- Robert Rait (1874–1936), 1919–1930
- Robert Kerr Hannay(1867–1940), FRSE, 1930–1940
- J. D. Mackie (1887–1978), OBE, 1958–1978
- Gordon Donaldson (1913–1993), CBE, 1979–1993
- Christopher Smout (born 1933), CBE, since 1993
Europe and Asia
- Halil İnalcık (1916–2016), İstanbul, Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
- İlber Ortaylı (born 1947, Bregen, Österreich), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
- Heath W. Lowry (born 1942, America), history of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey
- Mehmet Fuat Köprülü (1890–1966, İstanbul, Türkiye), Turcologist and historian, history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
- Yusuf Halaçoğlu (born 1949, Adana, Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
- Reşat Ekrem Koçu (1905–1975, İstanbul, Türkiye), writer and historian, history of the Ottoman Empire
- Ahmed Cevad Pasha (Kabaağaçlızade Ahmet Cevat Paşa) (1851–1900, İstanbul, Türkiye), Ottoman statesman (Grand Vizier), history of the Ottoman Empire
- Aşıkpaşazade (Âşıkpasazâde Derviş Ahmet Âşıkî) (yak. 1400, Amasya–yak. 1484), Ottoman Empire/ Türkiye) history of the Ottoman Empire
- Ibn Kemal (Kemal Paşazade (ibn-i Kemâl)) (1468–1534, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), Ottoman statesman, history of the Ottoman Empire
- Koçi Bey (Mustafa Koçi Bey) (?–1650, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), Ottoman statesman, history of the Ottoman Empire
- Katip Çelebi (Haci Halife Kalfa) (1609–1657, İstanbul, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire
Asia
South Asia
History of the Indian Subcontinent
- Niall Ferguson (born 1964) – Virtual History: Alternatives and Counterfactuals (1997)
- Paul Avrich (1931–2006) – USA, oral history of the U.S. and Russia
- Murray Bookchin (1921–2006) – USA, writer; founder of "social ecology"
- Sam Dolgoff (1902–1990) – USA, writer, activist, co-founder of Anarcho-Syndicalist Review
- Sébastien Faure (1858–1942) – France, Encyclopedie Anarchiste, 4 volumes (1932–1934)
- David Goodway (born 1942) – UK, writer, editor
- Daniel Guérin (1904–1988) – France, writer, editor Libertarian Communist
- Robert Graham (born 1958) – USA, writer, editor
- Andrej Grubacic – Bulgarian history and anarchism, lecturer at University of San Francisco
- Peter Marshall (born 1946) – England, historian, philosopher, writer (of Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism, 1992)
- Chuck W. Morse (born 1969) – USA, writer, founder of Institute for Anarchist Studies(IAS)
- Max Nettlau (1865–1944) – Austria, writer of Geschichte der Anarchie, seven volumes
- Abel Paz (1921–2009) – Spain, Civil war, Durruti, CNT/FAI
- José Peirats (1908–1989) – Spain, historian of the CNT/FAI
- Alexandre Skirda (1942–2020)
- Antonio Tellez (1921–2005)
- Dana Ward – founder of "Anarchist Archives", Online Research on the History and Theory of Anarchism, (USA)
- George Woodcock (1912–1995)
- Howard Zinn (1922–2010)
History of ideas, culture, literature, and philosophy
History of international relations
- Michael Adas (born 1943) – colonialism and imperialism, global history
- Jim Bennett (1947–2023) – mathematics, scientific instruments and astronomy
- Stephen G. Brush (born 1935)
- Vincent Cronin (1924–2011)
- Allen G. Debus (1926–2009) – chemistry and medicine
- A. Hunter Dupree (1921–2019) – botany; U.S. government policy on science and technology
- Peter Galison (born 1955) – physics, philosophy, objectivity
- John L. Heilbron (1934–2023) – physics, quantification, astronomy, religion and science
- Richard L. Hills (1936–2019) – technology, steam power
- Thomas P. Hughes (1923–2014) – technology
- Evelyn Fox Keller (1936–2023) – science and gender, biology
- Melvin Kranzberg (1917–1995) – technology
- Daniel J. Kevles (born 1939) – science and politics, physics, biology, eugenics
- Thomas Kuhn (1922–1996) – physics, "paradigm shifts"
- James Mosley (born 1935) – printing
- David F. Noble (1945–2010) – science and technology-based industrial development
- Abraham Pais (1918–2000) – physics
- Giuliano Pancaldi (born 1946) – Italian science
- Theodore M. Porter (born 1953)
- A. I. Sabra (1924–2013) – optics, Islamic science
- George Sarton (1884–1956)
- Jack Simmons (1915–2000) – railway history
- Nathan Sivin (born 1931) – history of science in China
- Kim H. Veltman (1948–2020) – science and art
- M. Norton Wise (born 1940)
- Peter Ackroyd (born 1949) – Dickens, Blake, Thomas More, Eliot, Newton
- James Boswell (1740–1795) – Samuel Johnson
- Alan Bullock (1914–2004) – historian best known for his influential biography of Hitler
- Robert Caro (born 1935) – Lyndon Johnson
- Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881) – Friedrich der Grosse (the Great)
- Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Louis XIV, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, Catherine the Great, and Napoleon
- Leon Edel (1907–1997) – Henry James
- Richard Ellmann (1918–1987) – James Joyce
- Erik Erikson (1902–1994) – psychoanalytic biographies of Luther and Gandhi
- Roy Foster (born 1949) – W.B. Yeats
- Joseph Frank (1918–2013) – Fyodor Dostoevsky
- Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–1865) – Charlotte Brontë
- Stephen Greenblatt (born 1943) – Shakespeare
- Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995) – King Charles XII of Sweden and King George I of Great Britain
- Walter Isaacson (born 1952) – Einstein
- Ian Kershaw (born 1943) – historian well known for his influential study of Hitler
- Ralph G. Martin (1920–2013) – Hubert H. Humphrey, Harry S. Truman, Edward VIII, Golda Meir, and John F. Kennedy
- Roi Medvedev (born 1925) – Stalin
- Susan Quinn (born 1940) – Marie Curie
- Ron Rosenbaum (born 1946) – author of Explaining Hitler
- Norman Sherry (1925–2016) – Graham Greene
- Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – Franklin D. Roosevelt, Ulysses S. Grant, John Marshall, and Lucius D. Clay
- Suetonius – lives of the Caesars
- Lytton Strachey (1880–1932) – Eminent Victorians
- A.N. Wilson (born 1950) – Tolstoy
Paul H. Elovitz, "The Life Experience and Scholarly Achievement of J. Lee Shneidman", Clio’s Psyche Vol. 15 No. 4 (March 2009) pp. 275-282.