This is a list of cosmonauts who have taken part in the missions of the Soviet space program and the Russian Federal Space Agency , including ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.
The first eleven Soviet cosmonauts, July 1965. Back row, left to right:
Leonov , Titov , Bykovsky , Yegorov , Popovich ; front row: Komarov , Gagarin , Tereshkova , Nikolayev , Feoktistov , Belyayev . All were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union , worn on the left breast and the Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR decoration, worn on the right. By the time that the twelfth cosmonaut (Georgy Beregovoy ) flew in 1968, Komarov and Gagarin were both dead.
A Soviet space skafander in the Museum of Cosmonautics , Moscow
Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia are marked with an asterisk and their place of birth is shown in an additional list .
For the full plain lists of Russian and Soviet cosmonauts in Wikipedia, see Category:Russian cosmonauts
Five female cosmonauts have flown on the Soviet/Russian program: Valentina Tereshkova, Svetlana Savitskaya, Yelena Kondakova, Yelena Serova[1] and Anna Kikina .
Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin , the first man in space
K
Aleksandr Kaleri
Sergei Krikalev
Aleksandr Kaleri * — Soyuz TM-14 , Soyuz TM-24 , Soyuz TM-30 , Soyuz TMA-3 , Soyuz TMA-01M
Yevgeny Khrunov (1933–2000) — Soyuz 5 /4
Anna Kikina — SpaceX Crew-5
Leonid Kizim * (1941–2010) — Soyuz T-3 , Soyuz T-10 /11 , Soyuz T-15
Pyotr Klimuk * — Soyuz 13 , Soyuz 18 , Soyuz 30
Vladimir Komarov (1927–1967), Died on reentry. — Voskhod 1 , Soyuz 1
Yelena V. Kondakova — Soyuz TM-20 /STS-84
Dmitri Kondratyev — Soyuz TMA-20
Oleg Kononenko * — Soyuz TMA-12 , Soyuz TMA-03M , Soyuz TMA-17M , Soyuz MS-11 , Soyuz MS-24 /MS-25
Mikhail Korniyenko — Soyuz TMA-18 , Soyuz TMA-16M
Sergey Korsakov * — Soyuz MS-21
Valery Korzun — Soyuz TM-24 , STS-111 /113
Oleg Kotov * — Soyuz TMA-10 , Soyuz TMA-17 , Soyuz TMA-10M
Vladimir Kovalyonok * — Soyuz 25 , Soyuz 29 /31 , Soyuz T-4
Konstantin Kozeyev — Soyuz TM-33 /32
Sergei Krikalev — Soyuz TM-7 , Soyuz TM-12 / Soyuz TM-13 , STS-60 , STS-88 , Soyuz TM-31 /STS-102 , Soyuz TMA-6
Valeri Kubasov (1935–2014) — Soyuz 6 , Soyuz 19 , Soyuz 36 /35
Sergey Kud-Sverchkov — Soyuz MS-16
M
Oleg Makarov (1933–2003) — Soyuz 12 , Soyuz 18a , Soyuz 27 /26 , Soyuz T-3
Yuri Malenchenko * — Soyuz TM-19 , STS-106 , Soyuz TMA-2 , Soyuz TMA-11 , Soyuz TMA-05M , Soyuz TMA-19M ,
Yury Malyshev (1941–1999) — Soyuz T-2 , Soyuz T-11 /10
Gennadi Manakov (1950–2019) — Soyuz TM-10 , Soyuz TM-16
Musa Manarov * — Soyuz TM-4 /6 , Soyuz TM-11
Denis Matveev — Soyuz MS-21
Alexander Misurkin — Soyuz TMA-08M , Soyuz MS-06 , Soyuz MS-20
Boris Morukov (1950–2015) — STS-106
Talgat Musabayev * — Soyuz TM-19 , Soyuz TM-27 , Soyuz TM-32 /31
P
Gennady Padalka
Gennady Padalka — Soyuz TM-28 , Soyuz TMA-4 , Soyuz TMA-14 , Soyuz TMA-04M , Soyuz TMA-16M
Viktor Patsayev * (1933–1971), Died on reentry. — Soyuz 11
Dmitry Petelin — Soyuz MS-22 /MS-23
Oleg Platonov —
Aleksandr Poleshchuk — Soyuz TM-16
Valeri Polyakov (1942–2022) — Soyuz TM-6 /7 , Soyuz TM-18 /20
Leonid Popov * — Soyuz 35 /37 , Soyuz 40 , Soyuz T-7 /5
Pavel Popovich * (1930–2009) — Vostok 4 , Soyuz 14
Sergey Prokopyev — Soyuz MS-09 , Soyuz MS-22 /MS-23
R
Sergei Revin — Soyuz TMA-04M
Roman Romanenko — Soyuz TMA-15 , Soyuz TMA-07M
Yuri Romanenko — Soyuz 26 /27 , Soyuz 38 , Soyuz TM-2 /3
Valery Rozhdestvensky (1939–2011) — Soyuz 23
Nikolai Rukavishnikov (1932–2002) — Soyuz 10 , Soyuz 16 , Soyuz 33
Sergei Ryazanski — Soyuz TMA-10M , Soyuz MS-05
Valery Ryumin (1939–2022) — Soyuz 25 , Soyuz 32 /34 , Soyuz 35 /37 , STS-91
Sergei Ryzhikov — Soyuz MS-02 , Soyuz MS-16
S
Leonid Popov , Svetlana Savitskaya , Aleksandr Serebrov
Svetlana Savitskaya
Aleksandr Samokutyayev — Soyuz TMA-21 , Soyuz TMA-14M
Gennadi Sarafanov (1942–2005) — Soyuz 15
Viktor Savinykh — Soyuz T-4 , Soyuz T-13 /14 , Soyuz TM-3 ,
Svetlana Savitskaya — Soyuz T-7 /5 , Soyuz T-12
Aleksandr Serebrov (1944–2013) — Soyuz T-7 /5 , Soyuz T-8 , Soyuz TM-8 , Soyuz TM-17
Yelena Serova — Soyuz TMA-14M
Vitali Sevastyanov (1935–2010) — Soyuz 9 , Soyuz 18
Yuri Shargin — Soyuz TMA-5 /4
Salizhan Sharipov * — STS-89 , Soyuz TMA-5
Vladimir Shatalov * (1927–2021) — Soyuz 4 , Soyuz 8 , Soyuz 10
Klim Shipenko — Soyuz MS-19
Anton Shkaplerov — Soyuz TMA-22 , Soyuz TMA-15M , Soyuz MS-07 , Soyuz MS-19
Georgi Shonin * (1935–1997) — Soyuz 6
Oleg Skripochka — Soyuz TMA-01M , Soyuz TMA-20M , Soyuz MS-15
Aleksandr Skvortsov — Soyuz TMA-18 , Soyuz TMA-12M , Soyuz MS-13
Anatoly Solovyev * — Soyuz TM-5 /4 , Soyuz TM-9 , Soyuz TM-15 , STS-71 /Soyuz TM-21 , Soyuz TM-26
Vladimir Solovyov — Soyuz T-10 /11 , Soyuz T-15
Gennadi Strekalov (1940–2004) — Soyuz T-3 , Soyuz T-8 , Soyuz T-11 /10 , Soyuz TM-10 , Soyuz TM-21 /STS-71
Maksim Surayev — Soyuz TMA-16 , Soyuz TMA-13M
V
Igor Volk
Vladimir Vasyutin * (1952–2002) — Soyuz T-14
Ivan Vagner Soyuz MS-16
Aleksandr Viktorenko * — Soyuz TM-3 /2 , Soyuz TM-8 , Soyuz TM-14 , Soyuz TM-20
Pavel Vinogradov — Soyuz TM-26 , Soyuz TMA-8 , Soyuz TMA-08M
Igor Volk * (1937–2017) — Soyuz T-12
Alexander Volkov * — Soyuz T-14 , Soyuz TM-7 , Soyuz TM-13 , Soyuz TM-13
Sergei Aleksandrovich Volkov * — Soyuz TMA-12 , Soyuz TMA-02M
Vladislav Volkov (1935–1971), Died on reentry. — Soyuz 7 , Soyuz 11
Boris Volynov — Soyuz 5 , Soyuz 21
Sergei Vozovikov (1958–1993), drowned during survival training program — No flights.
From 1978–1988, the Soviet Union transported 11 citizens of 10 nations closely allied to the USSR in the Soyuz crewed vehicle. All of them flew as a result of the Interkosmos program. These space travelers have usually been referred to as "cosmonauts".
In 1982, as an extension of the Intercosmos program, the Soviet Union began to fly the citizens of countries not part of the Soviet bloc, starting with Jean-Loup Chrétien of France. The USSR and later Russia have transported 49 citizens of 18 other nations on the Soyuz vehicle, usually as part of a commercial arrangement, including seven space tourists flying through the Space Adventures contract. Since 2001, the Soyuz has been used to transport ESA , JAXA , and NASA astronauts to the International Space Station . These space travelers are not always referred to as "cosmonauts", especially if they belong to another space program; e.g., NASA employees are almost always referred to as "astronauts", even if they are flying on a Russian vehicle.
All Soviet and RKA cosmonauts have been born within the borders of the U.S.S.R. ; no cosmonaut who was born in independent Russia has yet flown. Many cosmonauts, however, were born in Soviet territories outside the boundaries of Russia, and may be claimed by various Soviet successor states as nationals of those states. All claimed Soviet or Russian citizenship at the time of their space flights.
Azerbaidzhan S.S.R. / Azerbaijan
Byelorussian S.S.R. / Belarus
Georgian S.S.R. / Georgia
Kazakh S.S.R. / Kazakhstan
Toktar Aubakirov , born in Karaganda, Kazakhstan
Yuri Lonchakov , born in Balkhash, Kazakhstan
Talgat Musabayev , born in Kargaly, Kazakhstan
Viktor Patsayev (1933—1971), born in Aktyubinsk, Kazakhstan
Dmitry Petelin , born in Kustanai, Kazakhstan
Vladimir Shatalov (1927—2021), born in Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan
Aleksandr Viktorenko , born in Olginka, Kazakhstan
Kirghiz S.S.R. / Kyrgyzstan
Turkmen S.S.R. / Turkmenistan
Ukrainian S.S.R. / Ukraine
Anatoly Artsebarsky , born in Prosyana, Ukraine
Georgi Beregovoi (1921-1995), born in Federivka, Ukraine
Georgiy Dobrovolskiy (1928-1971), born in Odessa, Ukraine
Yuri Gidzenko , born in Yelanets, Ukraine
Leonid Kizim (1941-2010), born in Krasnyi Lyman, Ukraine
Oleg Kotov , born in Simferopol, Ukraine
Anatoli Levchenko (1941-1988), born in Krasnokutsk, Ukraine
Vladimir Lyakhov (1941-2018), born in Antratsyt, Ukraine
Yuri Malenchenko , born in Svitlovodsk, Ukraine
Yuri Onufriyenko , born in Ryasne, Ukraine
Leonid Popov , born in Oleksandriia, Ukraine
Pavel Popovich (1930-2009), born in Uzyn, Ukraine.
Georgi Shonin (1935-1997), born in Rovenky, Ukraine
Vasili Tsibliyev , born in Horikhivka, Ukraine
Vladimir Vasyutin (1952-2002), born in Kharkiv, Ukraine
Igor Volk (1937-2017), born in Zmiiv, Ukraine
Aleksandr Volkov , born in Horlivka, Ukraine
Sergei Aleksandrovich Volkov , born in Chuhuiv, Ukraine
Vitali Zholobov , born in Zburyivka, Ukraine
Uzbek S.S.R. / Uzbekistan
Garber, Todd Messer, Claire Rojstaczer, and Steve. "Women in Space" . history.nasa.gov . Retrieved 2016-12-02 . {{cite web }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )