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District in Khulna Division, Bangladesh From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jessore District (Bengali: যশোর, pronounced Jaw-shore, Anglicised: Jessore), officially spelled Jashore District from April 2018,[3][4][5] is a district in southwestern Bangladesh. It is bordered by India to the west, Khulna and Satkhira districts to the south, Khulna and Narail to the east, and Jhenaidah and Magura districts to the north. Jessore is the capital of the district. Jessore is the home of the ancestors of the great Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. Jashore was the first independent district of Bangladesh in 1971.
Jessore District
যশোর জেলা | |
---|---|
Jashore District | |
Clockwise from top-left: Egaro Shiva Temple, Sheikhpur Jami Masjid, Jessore Polytechnic Institute, River in Keshabpur, Residence of Michael Madhusudan Dutt | |
![]() Location of Jessore District in Bangladesh | |
![]() Expandable map of Jessore District | |
Country | ![]() |
Division | Khulna |
District Established | 1781 |
Headquarters | Jessore |
Government | |
• Deputy Commissioner | Md Abraul Hasan Mojumder |
• District Council Chairman | Saifuzzaman Pikul |
• Chief Executive Officer | Md. Asaduzzaman |
Area | |
• Total | 2,606.94 km2 (1,006.55 sq mi) |
Elevation | 7 m (23 ft) |
Population | |
• Total | 3,076,144 |
• Density | 1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi) |
HDI (2019) | 0.660[2] medium · 2nd of 20 |
Website | jessore |
Jessore district was established in 1781. It consists of 8 municipalities, 8 upazilas, 92 unions, 1,329 mouzas, 1,477 villages and 120 mahallas. The upazilas are: Abhaynagar Upazila, Bagherpara Upazila, Chaugachha Upazila, Jessore Sadar Upazila, Jhikargachha Upazila, Keshabpur Upazila, Manirampur Upazila, and Sharsha Upazila.
The district produces a variety of crops. Date sugar, called patali, is made from the sap of locally grown date trees. It is cooked, thickened and crystallised using a traditional method. Patali is mainly produced in Khajura, but many date trees are cultivated in the Keshabpur Upazila and Manirampur Upazila areas.
Jessore district once belonged to the ancient Janapada of Vanga (বঙ্গ) Janapada. In the 15th century, Jessore was a part of the kingdom of Pratapaditya. It was then conquered by the Mughals.
British administration was fully established in Jessore district in 1781 when the governor-general ordered the opening of a court at Murali near Jessore.[6] In 1947, Jessore was divided between India and Pakistan. Except for the Bangaon and Gaighata thanas, the district became part of East Pakistan.[7]
The Bengali soldiers stationed at Jessore cantonment mutinied against the Pakistan Army on 29 March 1971. They were led by Captain Hafiz Uddin and Lieutenant Anwar in an uprising where 300 soldiers were killed. The rebels killed 50 Pakistani soldiers at Chanchara.
Jessore District encompasses 2606.94 km2. It is bounded by Jhenaidah and Magura districts at the north, Satkhira and Khulna districts at the south, Narail and Khulna districts at the east, and North 24 Parganas and Nadia districts of West Bengal of India at the west. Major rivers that flow through this region are the Bhairab, Teka, Hari, Sree, Aparbhadra, Harihar, Buribhadra, Chitra, Betna, Kopotakkho, and the Mukteshwari.[8][9]
Annual average temperature range from 15.4 to 34.6 °C (59.7 to 94.3 °F). The annual rainfall is 1,537 millimetres (60.5 in).
Climate data for Jessore | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
27.0 (80.6) |
33.4 (92.1) |
41.0 (105.8) |
38.1 (100.6) |
32.6 (90.7) |
31.4 (88.5) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.5 (88.7) |
29.2 (84.6) |
24.9 (76.8) |
31.3 (88.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 15.4 (59.7) |
19.3 (66.7) |
26.1 (79.0) |
34.6 (94.3) |
33.0 (91.4) |
29.2 (84.6) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.7 (83.7) |
27.2 (81.0) |
23.1 (73.6) |
17.8 (64.0) |
26.0 (78.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
11.7 (53.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
28.3 (82.9) |
27.9 (82.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.4 (77.7) |
23.0 (73.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
10.6 (51.1) |
20.7 (69.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 11 (0.4) |
19 (0.7) |
40 (1.6) |
77 (3.0) |
168 (6.6) |
314 (12.4) |
304 (12.0) |
293 (11.5) |
245 (9.6) |
144 (5.7) |
28 (1.1) |
8 (0.3) |
1,651 (64.9) |
Average relative humidity (%) | 46 | 35 | 36 | 44 | 60 | 76 | 75 | 76 | 74 | 70 | 51 | 44 | 57 |
Source: National news papers |
According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Jessore District had 798,032 households and a population of 3,076,144. 510,121 (16.58%) inhabitants were under 10 years of age. The population density was 1,180 people per km2. Jessore district had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 77.07%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 1018 females per 1000 males. 23.39% of the population lived in urban areas.[1]
Religion | Population (1941)[11]: 84–85 | Percentage (1941) | Population (2022)[1] | Percentage (2022) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Islam ![]() |
349,554 | 62.44% | 2,756,611 | 89.61% |
Hinduism ![]() |
208,647 | 37.27% | 313,582 | 10.19% |
Others[lower-alpha 2] | 1,644 | 0.29% | 5,951 | 0.20% |
Total Population | 559,845 | 100% | 3,076,144 | 100% |
The main occupations are agriculture 39.84%, agricultural labour 24.13%, other wage labour 2.68%, commerce 11.99%, service 8.66%, industry 1.41%, transport 3.11% and others 8.18%.
Jessore District's administrative framework was established in 1781. It consists of the following eight upazilas
Upazila | Area in km2 | 2011 Census population |
---|---|---|
Abhaynagar | 247.21 | 262,434 |
Bagherpara | 308.29 | 216,897 |
Chaugachha | 269.31 | 231,370 |
Jhikargachha Upazila | 307.96 | 298,908 |
Keshabpur | 258.44 | 253,291 |
Jessore Sadar | 435.22 | 742,898 |
Manirampur | 444.20 | 417,421 |
Sharsha | 336.28 | 341,328 |
The upazilas are further divided into 9 municipalities, 36 wards, 92 unions, 1329 mouzas, 1434 villages and 120 mahallas.
The main factor of the economics of Jessore is Benapol Land Port which is situated in Sharsha Upazila. Much of the import and export trading between Bangladesh and India is done through this port. On the other side of the border is Petrapole. The port is important for making government import taxes.
There were 21 cinema halls in the district in 2000.[12] As of 2021, only six survive: four in smaller towns, and two in the city of Jessore.[13] One of the latter, Tosbir Mohol, once the country's second oldest theater with a revolving stage, is being restored for stage productions.[14] The other, Monihar, the largest cinema hall in Bangladesh when it was built in 1983, with 1400 seats,[13] reported record revenues in 2022.[15]
Jessore-based theater troupe Bibartan has staged more than 4,000 performances (stage plays, street theater, and works for children) since their founding in 1989.[16]
Jessore Institute Public Library, established in 1854, is one of the oldest public libraries in the Indian subcontinent.[17]
Football and cricket are the two most popular sports in Jessore. Cricketers from the district represent the South Zone in the Bangladesh Cricket League. In football, Jessore most notably won the National Football Championship in 1976. Notable footballers from the district include Mannaf Rabby, Kowsar Ali, and Rabby Hossen Rahul. Lutfor Rahman, a member of the Shadhin Bangla football team, also hailed from the district. In 1973, the Jessore Zonal football team hosted a historic game against Dinamo Minsk from the Soviet Union, which ended in a 0–7 defeat.[18] The Shamsul Huda Stadium, formerly known as the Jessore Stadium, serves as the district's main venue for football and cricket. The Shams-Ul-Huda Football Academy, operated by the Jessore District Sports Association (JDSA), is one of the most notable football academies in the country.[19]
Solo Khada Jamidar Bari, House and birthplace of Ratna Gorva awarded by British Govt. and her son former Health minister of India Dr. Nil Ratan Dhor and his brother Jebon Ratan Dhor
Jessore has well connected road, rail and air transport links to other major cities and water transport links to Khulna and Mongla of Bangladesh. It boasts one of the first rail networks established in the Indian subcontinent.
Jessore is located 270 km south west from Dhaka capital of Bangladesh by road and 60 km north from Khulna . It is also connected with the Indian city of Kolkata which is 120 km west through Benapole land port via AH1. The road from Jessore to Kolkata is a part of the historic Jessore Road.
Jessore Junction railway station is a major junction on the broad gauge-based network of the Western Railway. The network has links extended into Indian territory. Service linking the capital Dhaka and Kolkata April 2008. As well as in 2019 Both India And Bangladesh government agreed to 4 minute stop in Jessore Junction railway station through Bandhan Express which connect Khulna to Kolkata.
The Jessore Airport, near the city, is an airfield for the Bangladesh Air Force. One of the oldest airfield in Bangladesh and the subcontinent. Alongside military service, its runway caters to seven commercial flights daily which includes US Bangla, Novo and Biman Bangladesh Airlines, for domestic flights.
There are 56 master's level, degree (honors), and degree (pass) colleges in the district:[24]
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