File:Ectopistes_migratorius_(passenger_pigeon).jpg
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Original file (2,784 × 2,640 pixels, file size: 1.73 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Information from its description page there is shown below. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. You can help. |
Summary
DescriptionEctopistes migratorius (passenger pigeon).jpg |
Ectopistes migratorius (Linnaeus, 1766) - passenger pigeon (extinct) (mount, public display, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ilinois, USA). The story of the passenger pigeon is famous as an example of the idiotic destructive power of modern man ("Homo stupidus") & human overpopulation. The passenger pigeon, Ectopistes migratorius, was at one time the # 1 most abundant bird in North America, and likely the # 1 most abundant bird on Earth. The species became extinct about 100 years ago. The last known individual was a captive bird held at the Cincinnati Zoo. It died at 1 PM on 1 September 1914. It is the only species whose extinction timing is very well known. Ectopistes migratorius occupied the central & eastern portions of temperate North America. It was driven to extinction by professional hunters (the birds were destined for food markets - American Indians also killed these birds as a source of food) and clear-cutting of forests. Passenger pigeon flocks were famously huge - they darkened skies and took hours to fly by. Their droppings fell like snow. Individual flocks were estimated to have contained more than three billion birds. Flock density was so high that when two flocks flying in opposite directions collided, numerous stunned birds fell to the ground. Passenger pigeons nested in huge colonies, occupying hundreds of square miles of forests. Single trees could have hundreds of nests. Tree branches were seen to break from the weight of all the perching birds. Late 1800s hunters targeted the nesting colony areas. Oddly, passenger pigeons couldn’t nest alone or in small colonies. With the destruction of the nesting colonies, the species couldn’t make a comeback. The passenger pigeon is the only species in the pigeon/dove family driven to extinction by gun nerds. However, several other birds in this family, usually island species, have gone also extinct due to other human factors. The Lesson? Natural resources can run out. (think oil as well) Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Aves, Columbiformes, Columbidae Birds are small to large, warm-blooded, egg-laying, feathered, bipedal vertebrates capable of powered flight (although some are secondarily flightless). Many scientists characterize birds as dinosaurs, but this is consequence of the physical structure of evolutionary diagrams. Birds aren’t dinosaurs. They’re birds. The logic & rationale that some use to justify statements such as “birds are dinosaurs” is the same logic & rationale that results in saying “vertebrates are echinoderms”. Well, no one says the latter. No one should say the former, either. However, birds are evolutionarily derived from theropod dinosaurs. Birds first appeared in the Triassic or Jurassic, depending on which avian paleontologist you ask. They inhabit a wide variety of terrestrial and surface marine environments, and exhibit considerable variation in behaviors and diets. |
Date | |
Source | Ectopistes migratorius (passenger pigeon) 5 |
Author | James St. John |
Licensing
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
This image was originally posted to Flickr by jsj1771 at https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/15537373176. It was reviewed on 2 April 2015 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
2 April 2015
Items portrayed in this file
depicts
some value
18 December 2011
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 16:39, 2 April 2015 | 2,784 × 2,640 (1.73 MB) | FunkMonk | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
File usage
- Holocene extinction
- List of the Cenozoic life of Alabama
- List of the Cenozoic life of California
- List of the Cenozoic life of Florida
- List of the Cenozoic life of Georgia (U.S. state)
- List of the Cenozoic life of North Carolina
- List of the Cenozoic life of Virginia
- List of the Cenozoic life of Wyoming
- List of the prehistoric life of Alabama
- List of the prehistoric life of Florida
- List of the prehistoric life of North Carolina
- List of the prehistoric life of Tennessee
- List of the prehistoric life of West Virginia
- Passenger pigeon
- User:.samtxt.
- User:Abyssal/Aspect ratio table
- User:Abyssal/Image captions to use
- User:Asocos
- User:Catfurball
- User:Cedelmwood/Userboxes
- User:CryolophosaurusEllioti/Userboxes
- User:Davefrfr
- User:Diriector Doc/Ubx/Passenger Pigeon
- User:Diriector Doc/UbxGalaries/Nature
- User:Geekgecko
- User:I.Do.In.Fact.Exist
- User:Lin Xuexi
- User:Locust Valley
- User:Mishmash Ideas
- User:Missingnohk97
- User:Mushroom133
- User:Nutcracker100
- User:Pigginn
- User:Pinkelekoladele
- User:Qwexcxewq
- User:Toohak113
- User:Trashgoose
- User:WHEOOButEncyclopedia
- User:Wikiselkie
- User:좀비 브렌다
- Wikipedia:Userboxes/Birds
- Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Userboxes/Ideas/Archive 15
Global file usage
The following other wikis use this file:
- Usage on bn.wikibooks.org
- Usage on en.wikibooks.org
- Usage on es.wikipedia.org
- Usage on fr.wikipedia.org
- Usage on ka.wikipedia.org
- Usage on la.wikipedia.org
- Usage on no.wikipedia.org
- Usage on pl.wikipedia.org
- Usage on pt.wikipedia.org
- Usage on ru.wikipedia.org
- Usage on sr.wikipedia.org
- Usage on sv.wikipedia.org
- Usage on ta.wiktionary.org
- Usage on uk.wikipedia.org
- Usage on vi.wikipedia.org
Metadata
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.
If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
Camera manufacturer | Canon |
---|---|
Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/2.8 |
ISO speed rating | 160 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:02, 18 December 2011 |
Lens focal length | 6.2 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS2 Macintosh |
File change date and time | 01:36, 18 October 2014 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:02, 18 December 2011 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 3 |
Shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 2.96875 |
Exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.96875 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash fired, auto mode, red-eye reduction mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 16,483.516483516 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 2,784 px |
Image height | 2,640 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 21:36, 17 October 2014 |
IIM version | 2 |