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500 Kg unguided aerial bomb From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The FAB-500 is a Soviet-designed 500-kilogram (1,100 lb) general purpose air-dropped bomb with a high-explosive warhead, primarily used by the Russian Aerospace Forces, former Soviet republics and customer countries. The original M-54 model was rolled out in 1954, shaped for internal carriage by heavy bombers, a low-drag M-62 version in 1962 was intended for fighter bomber external hardpoint carriage.[2][3] Early models were unguided, with a single nose fuze, and compatible with most models of Soviet aircraft.[4]
| FAB-500 M-62 General Purpose (GP) Bomb[1] | |
|---|---|
FAB-500 M-62 (nearest camera) | |
| Type | Unguided general-purpose bomb |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Production history | |
| Produced | 1954–present (M-54); 1962–present (M-62) |
| Variants | KAB-500 (guided bomb) |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 500 kilograms (1,100 lb) |
| Length | 2,470 millimetres (97.2 in) |
| Diameter | 400 millimetres (15.7 in) |
| Filling | High explosive |
| Filling weight | 201 kilograms (440 lb) |
The latest variants of the FAB-500 bomb use the UMPK, a winged system developed after 2022 Ukraine war, for precision satellite guidance and increased stand-off distance.[5]
The FAB-500 was widely employed over Afghanistan by Soviet and allied Afghan forces in the 1980s and saw use during the 2011-2019 Syrian civil war, where it was carried by both Russian and Syrian warplanes.[6][7][8]
The M62 variant has been used by Russian military forces in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[9] On 13 March 2022 and 14 May 2022, FAB-500 bombs were found in Ukrainian cities of Chernihiv[10] and Odesa.[11]
In March 2023, Russian Su-35s launched a number of FAB-500 M-62, wreckage of which indicated that they had been fitted with an UMPK, a glide kit involving pop-out wings. It is unknown whether these had an internal navigation system, or were fitted with wings simply to extend the range to up to 70 km.[12] It also is believed that these give Russian aircraft a stand-off ability to hit Ukrainian targets without risking exposure to Ukrainian air defences.[13][14][15]
As of May 2023, UMPK-equipped FAB-500 glide bombs have continued to be used by Russia in Ukraine, with up to 20 of them being dropped every day, and Ukrainian air defences lack the capability to intercept them.[12][16] The full-scale training of Russian pilots on using the bombs reportedly started in November 2023.[17]
According to the Institute for the Study of War, FAB-500 "hold an explosive weight of 150 kilograms, have a damage radius of 250 meters, and can destroy headquarters, warehouses, and concrete and reinforced concrete objects."[18]
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