March 9 is the 68th day of the year (69th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 297 days remain until the end of the year.
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1901–present
- 1908 – Inter Milan was founded on Football Club Internazionale, following a schism from A.C. Milan.[18]
- 1916 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa leads nearly 500 Mexican raiders in an attack against the border town of Columbus, New Mexico.[19]
- 1933 – Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.[20]
- 1942 – World War II: Dutch East Indies unconditionally surrendered to the Japanese forces in Kalijati, Subang, West Java, and the Japanese completed their Dutch East Indies campaign.[21]
- 1944 – World War II: Soviet Army planes attack Tallinn, Estonia.[22]
- 1945 – World War II: A coup d'état by Japanese forces in French Indochina removes the French from power.[23]
- 1945 – World War II: Allied forces carry out firebombing over Tokyo, destroying most of the capital and killing over 100,000 civilians.[24]
- 1946 – Bolton Wanderers stadium disaster at Burnden Park, Bolton, England, kills 33 and injures hundreds more.[25]
- 1954 – McCarthyism: CBS television broadcasts the See It Now episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy", produced by Fred Friendly.[26]
- 1956 – Soviet forces suppress mass demonstrations in the Georgian SSR, reacting to Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization policy.[27]
- 1957 – The 8.6 Mw Andreanof Islands earthquake shakes the Aleutian Islands, causing over $5 million in damage from ground movement and a destructive tsunami.[28]
- 1959 – The Barbie doll makes its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.[29]
- 1960 – Dr. Belding Hibbard Scribner implants for the first time a shunt he invented into a patient, which allows the patient to receive hemodialysis on a regular basis.[30]
- 1961 – Sputnik 9 successfully launches, carrying a dog and a human dummy, and demonstrating that the Soviet Union was ready to begin human spaceflight.[31]
- 1967 – Trans World Airlines Flight 553 crashes in a field in Concord Township, Ohio, following a mid-air collision with a Beechcraft Baron, killing 26 people.[32]
- 1974 – The Mars 7 Flyby bus releases the descent module too early, missing Mars.[33]
- 1976 – Forty-two people die in the Cavalese cable car disaster, the deadliest cable car accident in history.[34]
- 1977 – The Hanafi Siege: In a 39-hour standoff, armed Hanafi Muslims seize three Washington, D.C., buildings.[35]
- 1978 – President Soeharto inaugurated Jagorawi Toll Road, the first toll highway in Indonesia, connecting Jakarta, Bogor and Ciawi, West Java.[36]
- 1987 – Chrysler announces its acquisition of American Motors Corporation.[37]
- 1997 – Comet Hale–Bopp: Observers in China, Mongolia and eastern Siberia are treated to a rare double feature as an eclipse permits Hale-Bopp to be seen during the day.[38]
- 2011 – Space Shuttle Discovery makes its final landing after 39 flights.[39]
- 2012 – A truce between the Salvadoran government and gangs in the country goes into effect when 30 gang leaders are transferred to lower security prisons.[40]
- 2015 – Two Eurocopter AS350 Écureuil helicopters collide in mid-air over Villa Castelli, Argentina, killing all 10 people on board both aircraft, including French athletes Florence Arthaud, Camille Muffat and Alexis Vastine, as well as producers and guests for the French TV show Dropped.[41]
- 2020 – Giuseppe Conte, Prime Minister of Italy, announces in a televised address and signs the decree imposing the first nationwide COVID-19 lockdown in the world.[42]
- 2023 – A shooting in the Alsterdorf quarter of Hamburg, Germany, kills eight people and injures another eight.[43]
1601–1900
- 1662 – Franz Anton von Sporck, German noble (d. 1738)[47]
- 1697 – Friederike Caroline Neuber, German actress (d. 1760)[48]
- 1737 – Josef Mysliveček, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1781)[49]
- 1749 – Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau, French journalist and politician (d. 1791)[50]
- 1753 – Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (d. 1800)[51]
- 1758 – Franz Joseph Gall, German neuroanatomist and physiologist (d. 1828)[52]
- 1763 – William Cobbett, English journalist and author (d. 1835)[53]
- 1806 – Edwin Forrest, American actor and philanthropist (d. 1872)[54]
- 1814 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet and playwright (d. 1861)[55]
- 1815 – David Davis, American jurist and politician (d. 1886)[56]
- 1820 – Samuel Blatchford, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1893)[57]
- 1824 – Amasa Leland Stanford, American businessman and politician, founded Stanford University (d. 1893)[58]
- 1847 – Martin Pierre Marsick, Belgian violinist, composer, and educator (d. 1924)[59]
- 1850 – Hamo Thornycroft, English sculptor and academic (d. 1925)[60]
- 1856 – Eddie Foy, Sr., American actor and dancer (d. 1928)[61]
- 1863 – Mary Harris Armor, American suffragist (d. 1950)[62]
- 1887 – Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and physician (d. 1976)[63]
- 1890 – Rupert Balfe, Australian footballer and lieutenant (d. 1915)[64]
- 1890 – Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian politician and diplomat, Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1986)[65]
- 1891 – José P. Laurel, Filipino lawyer, politician and President of the Philippines (d. 1959)[66]
- 1892 – Mátyás Rákosi, Hungarian politician (d. 1971)[67]
- 1892 – Vita Sackville-West, English author, poet, and gardener (d. 1962)[68]
1901–present
- 1902 – Will Geer, American actor (d. 1978)[69]
- 1904 – Paul Wilbur Klipsch, American soldier and engineer, founded Klipsch Audio Technologies (d. 2002)[70]
- 1910 – Samuel Barber, American pianist and composer (d. 1981)[71]
- 1911 – Clara Rockmore, American classical violin prodigy and theremin player (d. 1998)[72]
- 1915 – Johnnie Johnson, English air marshal and pilot (d. 2001)[73]
- 1918 – George Lincoln Rockwell, American sailor and politician, founded the American Nazi Party (d. 1967)[74]
- 1918 – Mickey Spillane, American crime novelist (d. 2006)[75]
- 1920 – Franjo Mihalić, Croatian-Serbian runner and coach (d. 2015)[76]
- 1921 – Carl Betz, American actor (d. 1978)[77]
- 1922 – Ian Turbott, New Zealand-Australian former diplomat and university administrator (d. 2016)[78]
- 1923 – James L. Buckley, American lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 2023)[79]
- 1923 – André Courrèges, French fashion designer (d. 2016)[80]
- 1923 – Walter Kohn, Austrian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)[81]
- 1926 – Joe Franklin, American radio and television host (d. 2015)[82]
- 1927 – Jackie Jensen, American baseball player (d. 1982)[83]
- 1928 – Gerald Bull, Canadian-American engineer and academic (d. 1990)[84]
- 1928 – Keely Smith, American singer and actress (d. 2017)[85]
- 1929 – Desmond Hoyte, Guyanese lawyer, politician and President of Guyana (d. 2002)[86]
- 1929 – Zillur Rahman, Bangladeshi politician, 19th President of Bangladesh (d. 2013)[87]
- 1930 – Ornette Coleman, American saxophonist, violinist, trumpet player, and composer (d. 2015)[88]
- 1931 – Jackie Healy-Rae, Irish politician (d. 2014)[89]
- 1932 – Qayyum Chowdhury, Bangladeshi painter and academic (d. 2014)[90]
- 1932 – Walter Mercado, Puerto Rican astrologer and actor (d. 2019)[91]
- 1933 – Lloyd Price, American R&B singer-songwriter (d. 2021)[92]
- 1933 – David Weatherall, English physician, geneticist, and academic (d. 2018)[93]
- 1934 – Yuri Gagarin, Russian colonel, pilot, and cosmonaut, first human in space (d. 1968)[94]
- 1934 – Joyce Van Patten, American actress[95]
- 1935 – Andrew Viterbi, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Qualcomm Inc.[96]
- 1936 – Mickey Gilley, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2022)[97]
- 1936 – Marty Ingels, American actor and comedian (d. 2015)[98]
- 1937 – Bernard Landry, Canadian lawyer, politician and Premier of Quebec (d. 2018)[99]
- 1937 – Harry Neale, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster[100]
- 1937 – Brian Redman, English race car driver[101]
- 1939 – Malcolm Bricklin, American businessman, founded Bricklin and Yugo[citation needed]
- 1940 – Raul Julia, Puerto Rican actor (d. 1994)[102]
- 1941 – Jim Colbert, American golfer[103]
- 1941 – Ernesto Miranda, American criminal (d. 1976)[104]
- 1941 – Trish Van Devere, American actress[105]
- 1942 – John Cale, Welsh musician, composer, singer, songwriter and record producer[106]
- 1942 – Ion Caramitru, Romanian actor and artistic director (d. 2021)[107]
- 1942 – Mark Lindsay, American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer[108]
- 1943 – Bobby Fischer, American chess player and author (d. 2008)[109]
- 1943 – Charles Gibson, American journalist[110]
- 1944 – Lee Irvine, South African cricketer[111]
- 1945 – Robert Calvert, English singer-songwriter and playwright (d. 1988)[112]
- 1945 – Dennis Rader, American serial killer[113]
- 1945 – Robin Trower, English guitarist and vocalist[114]
- 1946 – Alexandra Bastedo, English actress (d. 2014)[115]
- 1946 – Bernd Hölzenbein, German footballer and scout (d. 2024)[116]
- 1946 – Warren Skaaren, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1990)[117]
- 1947 – Keri Hulme, New Zealand author and poet (d. 2021)[118]
- 1948 – Emma Bonino, Italian politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs[119]
- 1948 – Eric Fischl, American painter and sculptor[120]
- 1948 – Jeffrey Osborne, American singer and drummer[121]
- 1949 – Neil Hamilton, Welsh lawyer and politician[122]
- 1950 – Doug Ault, American baseball player and manager (d. 2004)[123]
- 1950 – Andy North, American golfer[124]
- 1950 – Howard Shelley, English pianist and conductor[125]
- 1951 – Helen Zille, South African journalist, politician and Premier of the Western Cape[126]
- 1952 – Bill Beaumont, English rugby player and manager[127]
- 1954 – Carlos Ghosn, Brazilian-Lebanese-French business executive[128]
- 1954 – Bobby Sands, PIRA volunteer; Irish republican politician (d. 1981)[129]
- 1954 – Jock Taylor, Scottish motorcycle racer (d. 1982)[130]
- 1955 – Teo Fabi, Italian race car driver[131]
- 1955 – Józef Pinior, Polish academic and politician[132]
- 1956 – Mark Dantonio, American football player and coach[133]
- 1956 – Shashi Tharoor, Indian politician, Indian Minister of External Affairs[134]
- 1956 – David Willetts, English academic and politician[135]
- 1958 – Linda Fiorentino, American actress[136]
- 1958 – Paul MacLean, Canadian ice hockey player and coach[137]
- 1959 – Tom Amandes, American actor[105]
- 1959 – Takaaki Kajita, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[138]
- 1959 – Lonny Price, American actor, director, and screenwriter[139]
- 1960 – Finn Carter, American actress[140]
- 1960 – Željko Obradović, Serbian basketball player and coach[141]
- 1961 – Rick Steiner, American wrestler[142]
- 1961 – Darrell Walker, American basketball player and coach[143]
- 1963 – Terry Mulholland, American baseball player[144]
- 1963 – Jean-Marc Vallée, Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 2021)[145]
- 1964 – Juliette Binoche, French actress[146]
- 1964 – Phil Housley, American ice hockey player and coach[147]
- 1965 – Brian Bosworth, American football player and actor[148]
- 1965 – Benito Santiago, Puerto Rican baseball player[149]
- 1966 – Brendan Canty, American drummer and songwriter[150]
- 1966 – Tony Lockett, Australian footballer[151]
- 1968 – Youri Djorkaeff, French footballer[152]
- 1969 – Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, American basketball player[153]
- 1969 – Kimberly Guilfoyle, American lawyer and journalist[154]
- 1970 – Naveen Jindal, Indian businessman and politician[155]
- 1970 – Martin Johnson, English rugby player and coach[156]
- 1970 – Shannon Leto, American musician and songwriter[105]
- 1971 – Emmanuel Lewis, American actor [157]
- 1972 – Jodey Arrington, American politician[158]
- 1972 – Jean Louisa Kelly, American actress and singer[105]
- 1972 – Kerr Smith, American actor[105]
- 1973 – Aaron Boone, American baseball player and manager[159]
- 1973 – Liam Griffin, English race car driver[160]
- 1975 – Adonal Foyle, Vincentian-American basketball player[161]
- 1975 – Juan Sebastián Verón, Argentine footballer[162]
- 1977 – Radek Dvořák, Czech ice hockey player[163]
- 1978 – Chris Phillips, Canadian ice hockey player and businessman[164]
- 1979 – Oscar Isaac, Guatemalan-American actor[165]
- 1980 – Matt Barnes, American basketball player[166]
- 1980 – Chingy, American rapper[167]
- 1980 – Matthew Gray Gubler, American actor[168]
- 1981 – Antonio Bryant, American football player[169]
- 1981 – Chad Gilbert, American musician, songwriter, and producer[105]
- 1981 – Clay Rapada, American baseball player[170]
- 1982 – Ryan Bayley, Australian cyclist[171]
- 1982 – Érika de Souza, Brazilian basketball player[172]
- 1982 – Mirjana Lučić-Baroni, Croatian tennis player[173]
- 1983 – Clint Dempsey, American soccer player[174]
- 1983 – Wayne Simien, American basketball player[175]
- 1984 – Abdoulay Konko, French footballer[176]
- 1984 – Julia Mancuso, American skier[177]
- 1985 – Brent Burns, Canadian ice hockey player[178]
- 1985 – Jesse Litsch, American baseball player[179]
- 1985 – Pastor Maldonado, Venezuelan race car driver[180]
- 1985 – Parthiv Patel, Indian cricketer[181]
- 1986 – Bryan Bickell, Canadian ice hockey player[182]
- 1986 – Damien Brunner, Swiss ice hockey player[183]
- 1986 – Colin Greening, Canadian ice hockey player[184]
- 1986 – Brittany Snow, American actress and producer[185]
- 1987 – Daniel Hudson, American baseball player[186]
- 1987 – Bow Wow, American rapper and actor[187]
- 1989 – Taeyeon, South Korean singer[188]
- 1990 – Daley Blind, Dutch footballer[189]
- 1990 – YG, American rapper[190]
- 1991 – Jooyoung, South Korean singer-songwriter[191]
- 1993 – Miikka Salomäki, Finnish ice hockey player[192]
- 1993 – Suga, South Korean rapper, songwriter, record producer[193]
- 1994 – Morgan Rielly, Canadian ice hockey player[194]
- 1995 – Cierra Ramirez, American actress and singer[195]
- 1997 – Nadeo Argawinata, Indonesian footballer[196]
- 1997 – Chika, American rapper[197]
- 1998 – Najee Harris, American football running back[198]
- 2000 – Khaby Lame, Senegalese-Italian social media personality[199][200]
- 2002 – Usman Garuba, Spanish basketball player[201]
- 2003 – Sunisa Lee, American gymnast[202]
1601–1900
- 1649 – James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish soldier and politician (b. 1606)[209]
- 1649 – Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier and politician (b. 1590)[210]
- 1661 – Cardinal Mazarin, Italian-French academic and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1602)[211]
- 1709 – Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu, English courtier and politician (b. 1638)[212]
- 1808 – Joseph Bonomi the Elder, Italian architect (b. 1739)[213]
- 1810 – Ozias Humphry, English painter and academic (b. 1742)[214]
- 1825 – Anna Laetitia Barbauld, English poet, author, and critic (b. 1743)[215]
- 1831 – Friedrich Maximilian von Klinger, German author and playwright (b. 1752)[216]
- 1847 – Mary Anning, English paleontologist (b. 1799)[217]
- 1851 – Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist and chemist, discovered electromagnetism and the element aluminium (b. 1777)[218]
- 1876 – Louise Colet, French poet (b. 1810)[219]
- 1888 – William I, German Emperor (b. 1797)[220]
- 1895 – Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian journalist and author (b. 1836)[221]
- 1897 – Sondre Norheim, Norwegian-American skier (b. 1825)[222]
1901–present
- 1918 – Frank Wedekind, German author and playwright (b. 1864)[223]
- 1925 – Willard Metcalf, American painter and academic (b. 1858)[224]
- 1926 – Mikao Usui, Japanese spiritual leader, founded Reiki (b. 1865)[225]
- 1937 – Paul Elmer More, American journalist and critic (b. 1864)[226]
- 1943 – Otto Freundlich, German painter and sculptor (b. 1878)[227]
- 1954 – Vagn Walfrid Ekman, Swedish oceanographer and academic (b. 1874)[228]
- 1955 – Miroslava Stern (Miroslava), Czech-Mexican actress (b. 1925)[229]
- 1964 – Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (b. 1870)[230]
- 1969 – Abdul Munim Riad, Egyptian general (b. 1919)[231]
- 1971 – Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Coptic Orthodox Pope (b. 1902)[232]
- 1974 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr., American pharmacologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)[233]
- 1974 – Harry Womack, American singer (b. 1945)[234]
- 1983 – Faye Emerson, American actress (b. 1917)[235]
- 1983 – Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)[236]
- 1988 – Kurt Georg Kiesinger, German lawyer, politician and Chancellor of Germany (b. 1904)[237]
- 1989 – Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (b. 1946)[238]
- 1991 – Jim Hardin, American baseball player (b. 1943)[239]
- 1992 – Menachem Begin, Belarusian-Israeli soldier, politician and Prime Minister of Israel, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)[240]
- 1993 – C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian and author (b. 1909)[241]
- 1994 – Charles Bukowski, American poet, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1920)[242]
- 1994 – Eddie Creatchman, Canadian wrestler, referee, and manager (b. 1928)[243]
- 1994 – Fernando Rey, Spanish actor (b. 1917)[244]
- 1995 – Edward Bernays, Austrian-American propagandist (b. 1891)[245]
- 1996 – George Burns, American comedian, actor, and writer (b. 1896)[246]
- 1997 – Jean-Dominique Bauby, French journalist and author (b. 1952)[247]
- 1997 – Terry Nation, Welsh author and screenwriter (b. 1930)[248]
- 1997 – The Notorious B.I.G., American rapper, songwriter, and actor (b. 1972)[249]
- 1999 – Harry Somers, Canadian pianist and composer (b. 1925)[250]
- 1999 – George Singh, Belizean jurist and Chief Justice of Belize (b. 1937)[251]
- 2000 – Jean Coulthard, Canadian composer and educator (b. 1908)[252]
- 2003 – Stan Brakhage, American director and cinematographer (b. 1933)[253]
- 2003 – Bernard Dowiyogo, Nauruan politician, President of Nauru (b. 1946)[254]
- 2004 – John Mayer, Indian composer (b. 1930)[255]
- 2006 – Tom Fox, American activist (b. 1951)[256]
- 2006 – Anna Moffo, American soprano (b. 1932)[257]
- 2006 – John Profumo, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for War (b. 1915)[258]
- 2007 – Brad Delp, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1951)[259]
- 2007 – Glen Harmon, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)[260]
- 2010 – Willie Davis, American baseball player and manager (b. 1940)[261]
- 2010 – Doris Haddock, American activist and politician (b. 1910)[262]
- 2010 – Wilfy Rebimbus, Indian singer (b. 1942)[263]
- 2010 – Henry Wittenberg, American wrestler (b. 1918)[264]
- 2011 – David S. Broder, American journalist and academic (b. 1929)[265]
- 2013 – Max Jakobson, Finnish journalist and diplomat (b. 1923)[266]
- 2013 – Merton Simpson, American painter and art collector (b. 1928)[267]
- 2015 – James Molyneaux, Baron Molyneaux of Killead, Northern Irish soldier and politician (b. 1920)[268]
- 2016 – Robert Horton, American actor (b. 1924)[269]
- 2016 – Clyde Lovellette, American basketball player and coach (b. 1929)[270]
- 2017 – Howard Hodgkin, British painter (b. 1932)[271]
- 2018 – Jo Min-ki, Korean actor (b. 1965)[272]
- 2020 – John Bathersby, Australian Catholic bishop (b. 1936)[273]
- 2021 – James Levine, American conductor and pianist (b. 1943)[274]
- 2021 – Roger Mudd, American journalist (b. 1928)[275]
- 2023 – Chaim Topol, Israeli actor (b. 1935)[276]
Richards, D. S. (2010). The chronicle of Ibn al-Athīr for the crusading period from al-Kāmil fīʼl-taʼrīkh. Ashgate Publishing. p. 269. ISBN 9780754669524. On 8 Rabīʼ I of this year [9 March 1226] Jalāl al-Dīn, son of Khwārazm Shāh, conquered the city of Tiflis from the Georgians.
Armstrong, Ken (13 March 2015). "Broken on the Wheel". The Paris Review. Archived from the original on 23 November 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
Goff, Frederick R. (1947). "Adam Smith's "Wealth of Nations"". Quarterly Journal of Current Acquisitions. 4 (2): 11–13. JSTOR 29780456.
Long, Tony (9 March 2011). "March 9, 1945: Burning the Heart Out of the Enemy". Wired. Archived from the original on 23 March 2017. Retrieved 9 March 2022. 1945: In the single deadliest air raid of World War II, 330 American B-29s rain incendiary bombs on Tokyo, touching off a firestorm that kills upwards of 100,000 people, burns a quarter of the city to the ground, and leaves a million homeless.
Blagg, Christopher R. (May 2011). "The 50th anniversary of long-term hemodialysis: University of Washington Hospital, March 9th, 1960". Journal of Nephrology. 24 (Suppl. 17): S84–88. doi:10.5301/JN.2011.6476. PMID 21614785.
Burgess, Colin; Hall, Rex (2009). The First Soviet Cosmonaut Team: Their Lives, Legacy, and Historical Impact. Berlin: Springer. pp. 41–42. ISBN 9780387848235. LCCN 2008935694.
"Teo Fabi". ESPN UK. Archived from the original on 4 February 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
"Paul MacLean". Team Canada - Official Olympic Team Website. 19 September 2011. Archived from the original on 3 February 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
"Najee Harris". www.pro-football-reference.com. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
"Anna Moffo". The Independent. March 17, 2006. Archived from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved August 1, 2021.
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