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The 930s decade ran from January 1, 930, to December 31, 939.
930
By place
Europe
- 17 June (traditional date) – The Althing, the parliament of Iceland, is established at þingvellir ("Thing Fields"). Chieftains from various tribes gather for 2 weeks at a thing (assembly) to settle disputes, arrange marriages, etc.; it continues in existence into the 21st century, as the world's oldest parliament of the Icelandic Commonwealth.
- Bishopwearmouth is formed and settled in the north-east of England, after Æthelstan grants the lands to the Bishop of Durham.
- Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine, besieges Douai in West Francia.
Arabian Empire
- January 11 – Sack of Mecca: The Qarmatians, led by Abu Tahir al-Jannabi, sack Mecca, desecrating the Zamzam Well and carrying off the Black Stone to their homeland in Eastern Arabia.[1]
- Mardavij ibn Ziyar is sent by Asfar ibn Shiruya along with his brother Shirzad, to capture the fortress of Shamiran in Tarom (Northern Iran), the capital of the Sallarid ruler Muhammad ibn Musafir. During the siege Mardavij is persuaded to revolt against Asfar, by letters from Makan ibn Kaki. With the help of the sons of the Sallarid, he kills other members of his tribe, including Shirzad. Mardavij founds the Ziyarid Dynasty and becomes the ruler of Asfar's former territories, which include Rey, Qazvin, Zanjan, Abhar, Qom and Karaj.
Asia
- October 16 – Emperor Daigo of Japan, being fatally ill, abdicates in favor of his 7-year-old son Suzaku, after a 33-year reign. He enters the Buddhist priesthood, but dies shortly after. Former Emperor Uda (Daigo's father), remains the power behind the Japanese throne (until 931).
- The independent Korean island state of Usan-guk becomes a protectorate of Goryeo.
- Yelü Bei, prince and elder brother of the Liao dynasty (Khitan) Emperor Taizong, leaves for China.
930
- Alferius, Italian abbot and saint (d. 1050)
- Boleslaus II, duke of Bohemia (d. 999)
- Gisulf I, prince of Salerno (d. 977)
- Herbert of Wetterau, German nobleman (d. 992)
- Lambert of Chalon, Frankish nobleman (d. 978)
- Liudolf,Swabia (approximate date) (d. 957)
- Mieszko I, prince of Poland (approximate date) (d. 992)
- Nikon the Metanoeite, Byzantine monk (d. 998)
- Odo I, German nobleman (approximate date) (d. 993)
- Ya'qub ibn Killis, Fatimid vizier (d. 991)
- Zhang Mi, Chinese Ci lyric poet (d. unknown)
931
- March 28 – Liu Chengyou, emperor of Later Han (d. 951)
- September 19 – Mu Zong, emperor of the Liao dynasty (d. 969)
- Adelaide, empress regent of the Holy Roman Empire (d. 999)
- Boris II, ruler (tsar) of the Bulgarian Empire (d. 977)
- Cao Bin, general of the Song dynasty (d. 999)
- Fu (the Elder), empress consort of Later Zhou (d. 956)
- Li Congyi (Prince of Xu), prince of Later Tang (d. 947)
- Liutgard of Saxony, duchess consort of Lorraine (d. 953)
- Taksony, Grand Prince of Hungary (approximate date)
- Yang Guangmei, Chinese general (approximate date)
932
- August 28 – Richard I, duke of Normandy (d. 996)
- September 26 – Al-Mu'izz, Fatimid caliph (d. 975)
- Abu Firas al-Hamdani, Arab prince and poet (or 933)
- Miskawayh, Persian philosopher and historian (d. 1030)
- Sancho I (the Fat), king of León (approximate date)
933
- Al-Hakim Nishapuri, Persian Sunni scholar (d. 1014)
934
- Dong Yuan, Chinese painter (approximate date)
- Wolfgang, bishop of Regensburg (approximate date)
935
- Al-Qadi Abd al-Jabbar, Mu'tazilite theologian (d. 1025)
- Eochaid ua Flannacáin, Irish cleric and poet (d. 1004)
- Elvira Ramírez, princess and regent of León (approximate date)
- Folcuin, Frankish abbot of Saint Bertin (approximate date)
- Gao Qiong, Chinese general and governor (jiedushi) (d. 1006)
- Gerard of Toul, German priest and bishop (d. 994)
- Hrosvitha, German canoness and poet (approximate date)
- Michitsuna no Haha, Japanese female poet (d. 995)
- Ukhtanes of Sebastia, Armenian historian (d. 1000)
- Wulfrun, English noblewoman (approximate date)
936
- September 24 – 'Adud al-Dawla, ruler of the Buyid Dynasty (d. 983)
- Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi, Muslim physician and surgeon (d. 1013)
- Gunnor, duchess consort of Normandy (approximate date)
- Zhou ("the Elder"), queen consort of Southern Tang (approximate date)
937
- Attilanus, bishop of Zamora (d. 1007)
- Bagrat II, king of Iberia and Kartli (d. 994)
- Gu Hongzhong, Chinese painter (d. 975)
- Haakon Sigurdsson, Viking ruler (d. 995)
- Khalaf ibn Ahmad, Saffarid emir (d. 1009)
- Li Yu, ruler of Southern Tang (approximate date)
- Meng Xuanzhe, prince of Later Shu (d. 991)
- William IV, duke of Aquitaine (d. 994)
938
- September 14 – Sahib ibn Abbad, Buyid grand vizier (d. 995)
- Almanzor, Umayyad vizier and de facto ruler (approximate date)
- Beatrice of France, duchess regent of Upper Lorraine (approximate date)
- García Fernández, count of Castile and Álava (approximate date)
- Olaf the Peacock, Icelandic merchant and chieftain (approximate date)
- Romanos II, Byzantine emperor (d. 963)
- Sancho II, king of Navarre (approximate date)
939
- November 20 – Tai Zong, emperor of the Song dynasty (d. 997)
- Fujiwara no Takamitsu, Japanese waka poet (approximate date)
- Hai Gaon, Jewish theologian and rabbi (d. 1038)
- Hugh Capet, French king and a descendant of Charlemagne (approximate date)
930
- May 31 – Liu Hua, princess of Southern Han (b. 896)
- June 19 – Xiao Qing, chancellor of Later Liang (b. 862)
- June 20 – Hucbald, Frankish monk and music theorist
- October 26 – Li Qi, chancellor of Later Liang (b. 871)
- November 19 – Yan Keqiu, Chinese chief strategist
- December 2 – Ma Yin, Chinese warlord and king (b. 853)
- Amoghavarsha II, ruler of Rashtrakuta (India)
- García II Sánchez, duke of Gascony (approximate date)
- Sharwin II, ruler of the Bavand Dynasty (Iran)
- Xia Luqi, general of Later Tang (b. 882)
- Abū Kāmil Shujāʿ ibn Aslam, Egyptian mathematician (b. c. 850)
- Óengus mac Óengusa, Irish poet and Chief Ollam of Ireland
931
- January 27 – Ruotger, archbishop of Trier
- April 4 – Kong Xun, Chinese governor (b. 884)
- May 29 – Jimeno Garcés, king of Pamplona
- June 25 – An Chonghui, general of Later Tang
- Abu'l-Fadl al-Isfahani, Persian religious leader
- Asfar ibn Shiruya, Iranian military leader
- Bard Boinne, Irish poet and Chief Ollam
- Béatrice of Vermandois, Frankish queen
- Gausbert, count of Empúries and Roussillon
- Gu Quanwu, general of the Tang dynasty (b. 864)
- Harald I, king of Norway (approximate date)
- Hrotheweard (or Lodeward), archbishop of York
- Ibn Masarra, Muslim ascetic and scholar (b. 883)
- Christopher Lekapenos, Byzantine co-emperor
- Robert II, bishop of Tours (approximate date)
- Rollo, Viking leader and count (approximate date)
- Stephen VII, pope of the Catholic Church
- Wang Yanbing, prince of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
932
- May 6 – Qian Liu, Chinese warlord and king (b. 852)
- May 18 – Ma Shaohong, general of Later Tang
- June 1 – Thietmar, duke of Saxony
- June 10 – Dong Zhang, Chinese general
- August 15 – Ma Xisheng, king of Chu (b. 899)
- October 31 – Al-Muqtadir, Abbasid caliph (b. 895)
- Fujiwara no Sadakata, Japanese poet (b. 873)
- Isaac Judaeus, Arab Jewish physician (approximate date)
- Orso II Participazio, doge of Venice
- Reginar II, Frankish nobleman (b. 890)
- Rollo, duke of Normandy (approximate date)
933
- March 10 – Li Renfu, Chinese warlord and governor
- March 16 – Takin al-Khazari, Abbasid governor of Egypt
- November 21 – Al-Tahawi, Arab imam and scholar (b. 853)
- December 9 – Li Congrong, prince of Later Tang
- December 15 – Li Siyuan, emperor of Later Tang (b. 867)
- December 18 – Yaonian Yanmujin, Chinese empress dowager
- Acfred II, count of Carcassonne and Razès (France)
- Adelolf, count of Boulogne (approximate date)
- Alfonso IV, king of León and Galicia (Spain)
- Du Guangting, Chinese Taoist priest and writer (b. 850)
- Ealdred I, ruler ('king') of Bernicia (approximate date)
- Edwin, English prince and son of Edward the Elder
- Fujiwara no Kanesuke, Japanese nobleman (b. 877)
- Harald Fairhair, king of Norway (approximate date)
- Ibn Duraid, Arab poet and philologist (b. 837)
- Mu'nis al-Muzaffar, Abbasid general
- Shaghab, mother and de facto co-ruler of Al-Muqtadir
- Tryphon, patriarch of Constantinople
934
- March 4 – Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, Fatimid caliph (b. 873)
- May 9 – Wang Sitong, Chinese general and governor (b. 892)
- May 14
- Feng Yun, Chinese chancellor (approximate date)
- Zhu Hongzhao, Chinese general and governor
- May 16 – Meng Hanqiong, eunuch official of Later Tang
- September 7 – Meng Zhixiang, Chinese general (b. 874)
- November 1 – Beornstan, bishop of Winchester
- November 2 – Emma, queen of the West Frankish Kingdom
- Abu Zayd al-Balkhi, Abbasid mathematician and physician
- Gervadius, Irish hermit and saint (approximate date)
- Gofraid ua Ímair, Viking leader and king of Dublin
- Li Conghou, emperor of Later Tang (b. 914)
- Li Renhan, Chinese general and governor
- Melias, Byzantine general (strategos)
- Olaf Haraldsson, son of Harald Fairhair
- Sale Ngahkwe, king of Pagan (Burma)
- Uallach ingen Muinecháin, Irish poet
- Xu Zhixun, general of Wu (Ten Kingdoms)
- Xue Wenjie, official of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
935
- January 22 – Ma, empress of Southern Han
- January – Mardavij, founder of the Ziyarid dynasty (Iran), assassinated
- September 28 – Wenceslaus I, duke of Bohemia (b. c. 907), assassinated
- October 24 – Li Yu, Chinese official and chancellor
- November 17 – assassination:
- Wang Yanjun, emperor of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
- Chen Jinfeng, empress consort of Min (b. 893)
- Dai Siyuan, general of Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
- Govinda IV, ruler of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty (India)
- Gruffydd ab Owain, king of Glywysing (approximate date)
- John XI, pope of the Catholic Church (approximate date)
- Li Yichao, Chinese warlord and governor (jiedushi)
- Niftawayh, Abbasid scholar and grammarian (b. 858)
- Trpimir II, king of Croatia (approximate date)
- Werner V, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)
- Yang Dongqian, Chinese official and chancellor
- Zhao Feng, Chinese official and chancellor
936
- February 13 – Xiao Wen, empress of the Liao Dynasty
- July 2 – Henry the Fowler, king of the East Frankish Kingdom
- July 5 – Xu Ji, official and chancellor of Former Shu
- September 17 – Unni, archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen
- September 27 – Kyŏn Hwŏn, king of Later Baekje (b. 867)
- December 25 – Zhang Jingda, general of Later Tang
- Abu Bakr ibn Mujāhid, Muslim canonical reader and scholar
- Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari, Muslim Shafi'i scholar (b. 874)
- Al-Muntakhab al-Hasan, ruler of the Rassid Dynasty
- Andrew of Constantinople, Byzantine saint
- Gagik I of Vaspurakan, Armenian king (or 943)
- Ibn al-Mughallis, Muslim theologian and jurist
- Murchadh mac Sochlachan, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)
- Rudolph I, king of the West Frankish Kingdom
- Dandi Mahadevi, Indian queen regnant
937
- January 11
- Cao, empress of Later Tang
- Li Chongmei, prince of Later Tang
- Li Congke, emperor of Later Tang (b. 885)
- Liu, empress of Later Tang
- January 14 – Zhang Yanlang, Chinese official
- July 11 – Rudolph II, king of Burgundy
- July 14 – Arnulf I, duke of Bavaria
- October 10 – Wang Lingmou, chancellor of Wu
- December 3 – Siegfried, Frankish nobleman
- Ælfwine, bishop of Lichfield (approximate date)
- Abbo, adviser and bishop of Soissons
- Alphege, bishop of Wells (approximate date)
- David II, king of Iberia/Kartli (Georgia)
- David ibn Merwan, Jewish philosopher
- Dubacan of Angus, Scottish nobleman
- Ermengol, Frankish nobleman (b. 870)
- Gebeachan, king of the Isles (Hebrides)
- Liu Yanhao, general of Later Tang
- Marozia, Roman noblewoman (b. 890)
- Tidhelm, bishop of Hereford (approximate date)
- Xu Jingqian, official and regent of Wu (b. 919)
- Yang Meng, prince of Wu (Ten Kingdoms)
- Yelü Bei, prince of the Liao Dynasty (b. 899)
- Zhao Dejun, general of Later Tang
938
- February 3 – Zhou Ben, general of Wu (b. 862)
- July 28 – Thankmar, half-brother of Otto I (during the Siege of Eresburg)
- Lady Ise, Japanese noblewoman and poet (b. 875) (approximate date)
- Lady Peng, noblewoman of Chu (Ten Kingdoms)
- Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Khara'iti, Abbasid theologian
- Shen Song, chancellor of Wuyue (b. 863)
939
- January 21 – Yang Pu, emperor of Wu (b. 900)
- May 25 – Yao Yanzhang, general of Chu
- July 13 – Leo VII, pope of the Catholic Church
- August 29
- Li Chunyan, empress of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
- Wang Jipeng, emperor of Min
- October 2
- Eberhard III, duke of Franconia
- Gilbert, duke of Lotharingia
- October 27 – Æthelstan, king of England[23]
- November 28 – Lady Ma, Chinese noblewoman (b. 890)
- Ali ibn Babawayh Qummi, Twelver Shi'a scholar
- Ashot the Swift, prince of Tao-Klarjeti (Georgia)
- Pietro II Candiano, doge of Venice
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