The 840s decade ran from January 1, 840, to December 31, 849.
840
This section is
transcluded from
AD 840.
(edit | history)
By place
Britain
- King Wigstan of Mercia, grandson of former ruler Wiglaf (see 839), declines his kingship in preference of the religious life. He asks his widowed mother, Princess Ælfflæd, to act as regent. A nobleman of the line of the late king Beornred, named Berhtric, wishes to marry her but he is a relative. Wigstan refuses the match, and is murdered by followers of Berhtric at Wistow. He is buried at Repton Abbey, and later revered as a saint. The Mercian throne is seized by Berhtric's father, Beorhtwulf.[1]: 238–239
- Vikings make permanent settlements with their first 'wintering over', located at Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland (approximate date).
840
- January – Michael III, Byzantine emperor (d. 867) This date of birth is generally held as uncertain; though January 840 is the most probable, 839 is also possible.
- October 25 – Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, founder of the Saffarid dynasty (d. 879)
- Abu al-Hassan al-Nuri, Muslim Sufi (approximate date)
- Adalhard II, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)
- Berengaudus, Benedictine monk (d. 892)
- Clement of Ohrid, Bulgarian scholar (approximate date)
- Eudokia Ingerina, Byzantine empress (approximate date)
- Hucbald, Frankish music theorist (or 850)
- Lothar I, Frankish nobleman (d. 880)
- Notker the Stammerer, Benedictine monk (approximate date)
- Richardis, Frankish empress (approximate date)
- Sunyer II, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)
- Theodard, archbishop of Narbonne (approximate date)
- Theodore II, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 897)
- Unruoch III, margrave of Friuli (approximate date)
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
- Æthelred I, king of Wessex (approximate date)
- Al-Mu'tazz, Muslim caliph (d. 869)
- Charles the Child, king of Aquitaine (or 848)
- Cheng Ji, Chinese general (approximate date)
- Fujiwara no Sukeyo, Japanese aristocrat (d. 897)
- Kang Junli, general of the Tang Dynasty (d. 894)
- Lu Yi, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 905)
- Miyoshi Kiyotsura, Japanese scholar (d. 918)
- Wang Jian, emperor of Former Shu (d. 918)
- Wang Jingchong, Chinese general (d. 883)
848
849
840
- March 14 – Einhard, Frankish scholar
- June 11 – Junna, emperor of Japan (b. 785)
- June 16 or 839 – Rorgon I, Frankish nobleman
- June 20 – Louis the Pious, ruler of the Carolingian Empire (b. 778)
- Agobard, archbishop of Lyon (b. 779)
- Andrew II, duke of Naples
- Ansovinus, archbishop of Camerino
- Czimislav, king of the Sorbs (approximate date)
- He Jintao, general of the Tang dynasty
- Hilduin, archbishop of Paris (b. 775)
- Li Chengmei, prince of the Tang dynasty
- Li Rong, prince of the Tang dynasty
- Muhammad at-Taqi, Muslim ninth Ismā'īlī imam (or 839)
- Salmawaih ibn Bunan, Muslim physician
- Wen Zong, emperor of the Tang dynasty (b. 809)
- Wigstan, king of Mercia (approximate date)
- Yang, consort and concubine of Wen Zong
841
- June 25 – Gerard of Auvergne, Frankish nobleman
- June 25 – Ricwin of Nantes, Frankish nobleman
- October 14 – Shi Yuanzhong, Chinese governor
- Arnulf of Sens, illegitimate son of Louis the Pious
- Guifeng Zongmi, Chinese Buddhist monk (b. 780)
- Jang Bogo, Korean maritime hegemon (or 846)
- Jonas of Orléans, Frankish bishop
- Khaydhar ibn Kawus al-Afshin, Muslim general
- Langdarma, emperor of Tibet (b. 799)
- Li Ao, Chinese philosopher and prose writer (b. 772)
- Yunyan Tansheng, Chinese Buddhist monk (b. 780)
842
- January 5 – Al-Mu'tasim, Muslim caliph (b. 796)
- January 20 – Theophilus, Byzantine emperor (b. 813)
- March 9 – Humbert, bishop of Würzburg
- March 16 – Xiao Mian, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- August 16 – Death of Qaratis also known as Umm Harun, was the mother of Abbasid caliph al-Wathiq (r. 842–847). She died during her Hajj pilgrimage journey.
- August 24 – Saga, emperor of Japan (b. 786)
- October 22 – Abo, Japanese prince (b. 792)
- Alfonso II, king of Asturias (b. 759)
- Bernard of Vienne, Frankish bishop (b. 778)
- Dúngal mac Fergaile, king of Osraige (Ireland)
- Li Cheng, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- Liu Yuxi, Chinese poet and philosopher (b. 772)
- Sugawara no Kiyotomo, Japanese nobleman (b. 770)
- Uurad, king of the Picts (approximate date)
- We Gyaltore Taknye, Tibetan nobleman
- Zheng Tan, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
843
- April 19 – Judith of Bavaria, Frankish empress[30]
- 2 November – Anthony the Confessor, Byzantine bishop of Thessalinike[31]
- Al-Mada'ini, Muslim scholar and historian (b. 752)
- Ardo Smaragdus, Frankish abbot and hagiographer
- Bridei VI, king of the Picts (Scotland)
- Fergus mac Fothaid, king of Connacht (Ireland)
- Fujiwara no Otsugu, Japanese statesman (b. 773)
- Jia Dao, Chinese poet and Buddhist monk (b. 779)
- Landulf I, gastald (or count) of Capua (Italy)
- Liu Congjian, Chinese governor (jiedushi) (b. 803)
- Qiu Shiliang, Chinese eunuch official
- Renaud d'Herbauges, Frankish nobleman (b. 795)
844
- January 11 – Michael I, former Byzantine emperor
- January 25 – Gregory IV, pope of the Catholic Church
- Abdallah ibn Tahir, Muslim governor (or 845)
- Abu Ja'far Ashinas, Muslim general
- Alberik II, Frankish bishop
- Bera, count of Barcelona
- Bernard II, count of Poitiers
- Bernard I, duke of Septimania
- Chen Yixing, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- Ekkehard, Frankish nobleman
- Galindo Garcés, count of Aragon
- Hugh, illegitimate son of Charlemagne (b. 802)
- Merfyn Frych, king of Gwynedd (Wales)
- Mukhariq, Abbasid court singer
- Nithard, Frankish historian
- Rædwulf, king of Northumbria (approximate date)
- Tachibana no Hayanari, Japanese calligrapher (d. 782)
- Theodrada, Frankrish princess and abbess (or 853)
845
- February 22 – Wang, empress and concubine of Mu Zong
- Abdallah ibn Tahir, Muslim governor (or 844)
- Abu Tammam, Muslim poet (b. 788)
- Bridei VII, king of the Picts
- Dionysius I, Syrian patriarch
- Ecgred, bishop of Lindisfarne
- Eginhard, bishop of Utrecht
- Guerin, Frankish nobleman (or 856)
- Ibn Sa'd al-Baghdadi, Muslim historian (b. 784)
- Mislav, duke of Croatia (approximate date)
- Sahl ibn Bishr, Muslim astrologer (approximate date)
- Theophanes the Branded, Byzantine monk (b. 775)
- Turgesius, Viking chieftain (approximate date)
846
- April 22 – Wu Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 814)
- July 29 – Li Shen, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- Bai Ju Yi, Chinese poet and official (b. 772)
- Dantivarman, king of the Pallava Empire (India)
- Ferdomnach, Irish monk and illuminator[32]
- Jang Bogo, Korean maritime hegemon (or 841)
- Joannicius the Great, Byzantine theologian (b. 752)
- Li Zongmin, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- Mojmir I, king of Moravia (approximate date)
- Niall Caille, High King of Ireland
- Reginbert of Reichenau, German librarian
- Seguin II, Frankish nobleman
- Wang, concubine of Wu Zong
847
- January 27 – Sergius II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 790)
- April 21 – Odgar, Frankish monk and archbishop
- June 1 – Xiao, empress of the Tang Dynasty
- June 14 – Methodius I, patriarch of Constantinople
- August 10 – Al-Wathiq, Muslim caliph (b. 816)
- Fedelmid mac Crimthainn, king of Munster (Ireland)
- Frothar of Toul, Frankish bishop (approximate date)
- Hetto, Frankish archbishop (approximate date)
- Isa ibn Mansur al-Rafi'i, Muslim governor
- Muhammad ibn al-Zayyat, Abbasid vizier
- Li Rangyi, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- Theodemar of Iria, Galician bishop
848
- Cui Yuanshi, chancellor of the Tang dynasty
- Drest X, king of the Picts
- Guo, empress dowager of the Tang dynasty
- Ithel, king of Gwent (approximate date)
- Li Gongzuo, Chinese writer
- Malik ibn Kaydar, Muslim governor
- Rechtabhra, bishop of Clonfert
- Shi Xiong, Chinese general
- Sunifred, Frankish nobleman
- Sunyer I, Frankish nobleman
- William I, duke of Gascony
- Yahya al-Laithi, Muslim scholar
849
- January 15 – Theophylact, Byzantine co-emperor (b. c.793)
- Ali ibn Muhammad, Idrisid emir of Morocco[33]
- c. February – Harthamah ibn al-Nadr al-Jabali, Muslim governor
- June – Ali ibn al-Madini, Muslim scholar (b. 778)
- c. June? – Ragenar, bishop of Amiens
- August 18 – Walafrid Strabo, Frankish theological writer
- Conaing mac Flainn, king of Brega (Ireland)
- Connagan, bishop of Clonfert (Ireland)
- Guntbold, archbishop of Rouen
- Itakh (Ītākh al-Khazarī), Muslim general
- Zhang Zhongwu, Chinese general
Citation
Zaluckyj & Zaluckyj, "Decline"
Guidoboni, Traina, 1995, p. 121
Eric Joseph, Struggle for Empire, p. 103. Cornell University, 2006. ISBN 0-8014-3890-X. Joseph states this number, given by Agnellus of Ravenna, is probably exaggerated.
J. Norwich, A History of Venice, p. 32.
John Skylitzes, A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811—1057: Translation and Notes, transl. John Wortley, 81note114.
Pierre Riche, The Carolingians: The Family who forged Europe, transl. Michael Idomir Allen, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1983), p. 162.
Makrypoulias (2000), p. 351.
Treadgold (1997), p. 447.
Rucquoi, Adeline (1993). Histoire medieval de la Péninsule ibérique. Paris: Seuil. p. 87. ISBN 2-02-012935-3.
Merriam-Webster (Jan 2000). Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions, p. 231. ISBN 0-87779-044-2.
Arpee, Leon (1946). A History of Armenian Christianity. New York: The Armenian Missionary Association of America. p. 107.
Rucquoi, Adeline (1993). Histoire médiévale de la Péninsule ibérique. Paris: Seuil. p. 85. ISBN 2-02-012935-3.
AF a. 844: Karolus Aquitaniam, quasi ad partem regni sui iure pertinentem, affectans ... ("Charles wanted Aquitaine, which belonged by right to a part of his kingdom").
Wards-Perkins, Bryan. From Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, p. 195. Oxford University Press, 1984. ISBN 0-19-821898-2.
Benvenuti, Gino (1985). Le Repubbliche Marinare. Amalfi, Pisa, Genova e Venezia. Rome: Newton & Compton Editori. p. 15. ISBN 88-8289-529-7.
The Oxford companion to Irish history (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. February 24, 2011. p. 26. ISBN 9780199691869.
Bibliography
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- Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.
- Huart, Cl. (1986). "Lamas-Ṣū". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume V: Khe–Mahi. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 647. ISBN 978-90-04-07819-2.
- Jones, Gwyn (2001). A History of the Vikings. Oxford University. ISBN 978-0-19-280134-0.
- Kennedy, Hugh (2006). When Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World: The Rise and Fall of Islam's Greatest Dynasty. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306814808.
- Sawyer, PH (2001). Illustrated History of the Vikings. Oxford University. ISBN 978-0-19-285434-6.
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- Goldberg, Eric J. (2006). Struggle for Empire: Kingship and Conflict under Louis the German, 817-876. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801438905.