6th BRICS summit

The 6th BRICS summit was the sixth annual diplomatic meeting of the BRICS, a grouping of major emerging economies that includes Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. It was hosted by Brazil, as the first host country of the current five-year summit cycle;^[3] the host city was Fortaleza.^[4] Though Brazil had previously hosted a four-member BRIC summit in April 2010, 2014 marked its first full BRICS summit;^[5] the 2010 summit in Brasília did not officially include South Africa, who were only invited as guests as a prelude to their gaining full membership in December 2010.^[6] Argentine President Cristina Kirchner was a special guest of the summit, and the BRICS leaders met with their UNASUR counterparts shortly after. The 6th BRICS summit resulted in the official inauguration of the New Development Bank, a multilateral development bank intended as an alternative to the World Bank and International Monetary Fund.

6th BRICS Summit Sexta cúpula do BRICS
← 5th 14–16 July 2014 7th →
Official logo
Host country	Brazil
Venue(s)	Centro de Eventos do Ceará[1]
Cities	Fortaleza and Brasília[2]
Participants	Brazil  Russia  India  China  South Africa
Website	brics6.itamaraty.gov.br

Background

Following the 2013 BRICS summit in Durban, South Africa, the BRICS countries released a joint statement summarising the results of their discussions and naming Brazil as the host country for the 2014 summit.^[3] Having agreed to set up a new international development bank during the 2013 summit,^[7] the member countries intended to complete the arrangements for the bank prior to the 2014 summit.^[8] The summit was initially scheduled for March 2014, but was shifted to a later date at China's request; it was ultimately held on 14–16 July 2014.^[9]

Participants

The BRICS leaders at the 6th BRICS summit. Left to right: Putin, Modi, Rousseff, Xi and Zuma.

The heads of state and heads of government that participated in the summit were:

Core BRICS members Host state and leader are shown in bold text.
Member		Represented by	Title
	Brazil	Dilma Rousseff[10]	President
	Russia	Vladimir Putin[10][11]	President
	India	Narendra Modi[10]	Prime Minister
	China	Xi Jinping[10][12]	President
	South Africa	Jacob Zuma[10]	President

The 6th BRICS summit was Narendra Modi's first major international summit as Prime Minister of India. In addition to the five BRICS leaders, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, President of Argentina, was invited to join the proceedings.^{[13][14][15][16]}

Agenda

At the summit, the BRIC nations agreed to create the US$100 billion New Development Bank (NDB) to allow states to pool resources for economic stabilization.^[17] The countries also set forth plans to acquire reserves of $100 billion (€90.8b billion) through investment from the BRICS nations.^[17] The BRICS nations also signed an agreement on cooperation between the BRICS nations' export credit agencies: EXIAR (Russia); ABGF (Brazil), ECGC (India), SINOSURE (China) and ECIC (South Africa).^[18] In a press release, the group wrote: "We remain disappointed and seriously concerned with the current non-implementation of the 2010 International Monetary Fund (IMF) reforms, which negatively impacts on the IMF's legitimacy, credibility and effectiveness."^[19] The NDB is designed to represent all five of the group's member nations – its headquarters will be in Shanghai, the institution's first president will be from India, the bank's first regional office will be in Johannesburg, the inaugural chairman of the board of governors will be from Russia and the first chairman of the board of directors will be from Brazil. The presidency, with a term of five years, will rotate among the members of the BRICS.^[20]

Bilateral meetings

During the summit, Xi Jinping was said to have told Narendra Modi that China was willing to consider expanding the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to include India as a full member at the 2014 SCO summit.^[21] The summit further established the principles of non-interference and mutual benefit underpinning bilateral relations within the BRICS.^[22]

BRICS–UNASUR summit

The BRICS held a summit with the UNASUR leaders in Brasília on 16 and 17 July.^[23]

Invited UNASUR heads of state^[23]

•  Argentina – Cristina Fernández de Kirchner^{[13][14][15][16]}
•  Bolivia – Evo Morales
•  Chile – Michelle Bachelet
•  Colombia – Juan Manuel Santos
•  Ecuador – Rafael Correa
•  Guyana – Donald Ramotar
•  Paraguay – Horacio Cartes
•  Peru – Ollanta Humala
•  Suriname – Dési Bouterse
•  Uruguay – José Mujica
•  Venezuela – Nicolás Maduro

Gallery of participating leaders

Members:

• 
   Brazil
  Dilma Rousseff, President (Host)
• 
   Russia
  Vladimir Putin, President
• 
   India
  Narendra Modi, Prime Minister
• 
   China
  Xi Jinping, President
• 
   South Africa
  Jacob Zuma, President

References

1. "Programme: VI BRICS Summit". Brazilian Ministry of External Relations. 2014. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
2. "UNASUR leaders arrive in Brazil for BRICS summit". Buenos Aires Herald. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
3. "Fifth BRICS summit declaration and action plan". BRICS. 27 March 2013. Archived from the original on 31 March 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
4. "A Cúpula de Durban e o futuro dos BRICS". Post-Western World. 4 July 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
5. "The BRICS summit: Lacking mortar". The Economist. 27 March 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
6. "BRIC Summit Joint Statement, April 2010". Council on Foreign Relations. 15 April 2010. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
7. "Brics eye infrastructure funding through new development bank". The Guardian. 28 March 2013. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
8. "India sees BRICS development bank agreed by 2014 summit". Reuters. 19 April 2013. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
9. "BRICS 2014 Summit Official Site". Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
10. "Modi Likely to Watch FIFA World Cup Final ahead of BRICS Summit". India West. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
11. "Putin to visit Brazil for final game of World Cup 2014". PRAVDA.Ru. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
12. "Brazil to Use Chinese Visit for Business Deals". Folha de S.Paulo. June 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
13. "Argentina invited to BRICS meeting in Brazil". Buenos Aires Herald. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
14. "Argentina to Join BRICS Upcoming Summit on Russia's Invitation". FARS. 31 May 2014. Archived from the original on 16 July 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
15. "The good, the bad and the Paris Club". Bueno Aires Herald. 1 June 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
16. "BRICS summit: PM Modi to leave for Brazil tomorrow, will seek reforms". Hindustan Times. 13 July 2014. Archived from the original on 13 July 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
17. Damien Sharkov (9 July 2015). "Brics summit firms up plans for New Development Bank".
18. "ECGC signs pact with BRICS countries' export credit insurance agencies". The Hindu. 16 July 2014.
19. "Press releases". Brics6.itamaraty.gov.br. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
20. "BRICS Development Bank launched, first president to be from India". The Times of India. 16 July 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
21. "Delhi gears to join China-Russia club - America sniffs Nato 'counterweight'". Telegraph India. 5 August 2014. Archived from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
22. Lopes Jr., Gutemberg P. (2015). "The Sino-Brazilian Principles in a Latin American and BRICS Context: The Case for Comparative Public Budgeting Legal Research" (PDF). Wisconsin International Law Journal. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
23. "Los líderes del BRICS, Unasur, Cuba, México y Costa Rica se citan en Brasilia". La Vanguardia. 15 July 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2015.