Kösem Sultan

Kösem Sultan, ook bekend as Mahpeyker Sultan (1589 – 2 September 1651) was een van die magtigste vroue in die Ottomaanse geskiedenis. Toe Kösem die vrou van Sultan Ahmet I geword het, het sy as Haseki Sultan (Imperiale gade) mag en invloed binne die politiek van die Ottomaanse Ryk behaal.

Mahpeyker Kösem Sultan ماہ پیکر كوسم سلطان
Haseki Sultan (Imperiale gade) Valide Sultan (Imperiale Moeder) Büyük Valide Sultan (Imperiale grootmoeder) Naib-i Saltanat (Regeerder van die Ottomaanse Ryk) Valide-i Muazzama (Manjifieke moeder) Valide-i Muhtereme Sahibet-ül Makam Valide-i Kebire Der-i Devlet Ulu Valide Valide-i Maktule (Vermoorde moeder) Valide-i Sehide (Gemartelde moeder)
Kösem Sultan en haar seun
Gebore	Anastasia c. 1589 Tinos, Griekeland
Afsterwe	2 September 1651 (61-62 jaar oud) Konstantinopel, Ottomaanse Ryk
Eggenoot	Ahmet I
Kinders	Seuns: Sehzade Mehmet[1] (moontlik) Sultan Murat IV[2][3] Sehzade Kasim[2][3] Sehzade Suleiman[2] (moontlik) Sultan Ibrahim[2][3] Dogters: Ayse Sultan[2] Fatma Sultan[2][4] Gevherhan Sultan[2][4] Hanzade Sultan[4] (moontlik) Burnaz Atike Sultan

Sy was ook die Valide Sultan (Imperiale moeder) onder die Sultans Murat IV en Ibrahim. Sy was ook die grootmoeder van Sultan Mehmet IV. Kösem het van 10 September 1623 tot 18 Mei 1632, tydens die nuwe regering van haar minderjarige seun Murat IV, as die amptelike regeerder van die Ottomanse ryk gedien.^[5]

Kösem was van Griekse afkoms. Haar vader was 'n priester op die eiland Tinos, daar word gespekuleer dat haar nooiensnaam Anastasia was.^[6][7][8][9] Sy is deur die Bosniese goewerneur as 'n slaaf gekoop, en op die ouderdom van vyftien is sy na die harem van Sultan Ahmet I gestuur. Na haar bekering tot Islam het sy haar naam na Mahpeyker verander. Later het Ahmet I haar naam na Kösem verander.^[10]

Bronne

1. Tezcan 2007, p. 350-351.
2. Singh, Nagendra Kr (2000). International encyclopaedia of Islamic dynasties (reproduction of the article by M. Cavid Baysun "Kösem Walide or Kösem Sultan" in The Encyclopaedia of Islam vol V). Anmol Publications PVT. pp. 423–424. ISBN 81-261-0403-1. Through her beauty and intelligence, Kösem Walide was especially attractive to Ahmed I, and drew ahead of more senior wives in the palace. She bore the sultan four sons – Murad, Süleyman, Ibrahim and Kasim – and three daughters – 'Ayse, Fatma and Djawharkhan. These daughters she subsequently used to consolidate her political influence by strategic marriages to different viziers.
3. Peirce, p.232
4. Peirce, p.365
5. "The Imperial House of Osman Genealogy". 4dw.net (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 Junie 2006. Besoek op 20 Januarie 2017.
6. Finkel, Caroline (2005). Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1923. New York: Basic Books. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-465-02396-7.
7. A.H. de Groot (1993). s.v. Murad IV in The Encyclopaedia of Islam vol. VII. Brill. p. 597. ISBN 90-04-07026-5. Kosem [qv] Mahpeyker, a woman of Greek origin (Anastasia, 1585–1651)
8. Hogan, Christine (2006). The Veiled Lands: A Woman's Journey Into the Heart of the Islamic World. Macmillan Publishers Aus. p. 74. ISBN 9781405037013.
9. Amila Buturović; İrvin Cemil Schick (2007). Women in the Ottoman Balkans: gender, culture and history. I.B.Tauris. p. 23. ISBN 1-84511-505-8. Kösem, who was of Greek origin. Orphaned very young, she found herself at the age of fifteen in the harem of Sultan Ahmed I.
10. Davis, Fanny (1970). The Palace of Topkapi in Istanbul. Scribner. pp. 227–228. OCLC 636864790. Kosem was said to have been the daughter of a Greek priest of one of the Aegean islands, probably captured during one of the Ottoman-Venetian maritime campaigns. Her name was Anastasia but was changed after her conversion, no doubt on her admission to the palace, to Mâh-Peyker (Moon-Shaped), and later by Sultan Ahmet to Kosem