Portal:COVID-19
Wikipedia portal for content related to COVID-19 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The COVID-19 portal
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Most scientists believe the SARS-CoV-2 virus entered into human populations through natural zoonosis, similar to the SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV outbreaks, and consistent with other pandemics in human history. Social and environmental factors including climate change, natural ecosystem destruction and wildlife trade increased the likelihood of such zoonotic spillover. The disease quickly spread worldwide, resulting in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
![Thumb image](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Fphar-11-00937-g001.jpg/640px-Fphar-11-00937-g001.jpg)
Several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved and distributed in various countries, many of which have initiated mass vaccination campaigns. Other preventive measures include physical or social distancing, quarantining, ventilation of indoor spaces, use of face masks or coverings in public, covering coughs and sneezes, hand washing, and keeping unwashed hands away from the face. While drugs have been developed to inhibit the virus, the primary treatment is still symptomatic, managing the disease through supportive care, isolation, and experimental measures.
The WHO ended the PHEIC for COVID-19 on 5 May 2023. The disease has continued to circulate, but as of 2024, experts were uncertain as to whether it was still a pandemic. Pandemics and their ends are not well-defined, and whether or not one has ended differs according to the definition used. As of 13 July 2024, COVID-19 has caused 7,051,600[1] confirmed deaths. The COVID-19 pandemic ranks as the fifth-deadliest pandemic or epidemic in history. (Full article)Location | Cases | Deaths | |
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World[lower-alpha 1] | 775,643,495 | 7,051,600 |
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European Union[lower-alpha 2] | 185,666,273 | 1,261,748 |
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United States | 103,436,829 | 1,189,083 |
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China[lower-alpha 3] | 99,361,338 | 122,248 |
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India | 45,040,074 | 533,619 |
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France | 38,997,490 | 168,091 |
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Germany | 38,437,756 | 174,979 |
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Brazil | 37,511,921 | 702,116 |
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South Korea | 34,571,873 | 35,934 |
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Japan | 33,803,572 | 74,694 |
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Italy | 26,727,644 | 197,081 |
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United Kingdom | 24,940,688 | 232,112 |
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Russia | 24,225,459 | 403,031 |
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Turkey | 17,004,714 | 101,419 |
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Spain | 13,980,340 | 121,852 |
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Australia | 11,861,161 | 25,236 |
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Vietnam | 11,624,000 | 43,206 |
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Argentina | 10,132,689 | 130,867 |
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Taiwan | 9,970,937 | 17,672 |
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Netherlands | 8,636,781 | 22,986 |
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Mexico | 7,709,747 | 335,011 |
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Iran | 7,627,863 | 146,837 |
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Indonesia | 6,829,120 | 162,058 |
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Poland | 6,663,580 | 120,713 |
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Colombia | 6,386,212 | 142,727 |
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Austria | 6,082,356 | 22,534 |
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Portugal | 5,649,830 | 28,324 |
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Greece | 5,641,241 | 39,035 |
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Ukraine | 5,531,787 | 109,920 |
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Chile | 5,400,569 | 62,715 |
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Malaysia | 5,288,841 | 37,351 |
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Belgium | 4,863,706 | 34,339 |
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Israel | 4,841,558 | 12,707 |
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Canada | 4,812,623 | 55,103 |
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Thailand | 4,789,165 | 34,665 |
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Czech Republic | 4,759,813 | 43,506 |
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Peru | 4,524,748 | 220,831 |
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Switzerland | 4,454,731 | 14,188 |
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Philippines | 4,140,383 | 66,864 |
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South Africa | 4,072,719 | 102,595 |
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Romania | 3,529,682 | 68,805 |
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Denmark | 3,435,018 | 9,667 |
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Singapore | 3,006,155 | 2,024 |
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Hong Kong | 2,876,106 | 13,466 |
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Sweden | 2,752,383 | 27,309 |
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New Zealand | 2,614,723 | 4,083 |
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Serbia | 2,583,470 | 18,057 |
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Iraq | 2,465,545 | 25,375 |
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Hungary | 2,230,453 | 49,051 |
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Bangladesh | 2,050,834 | 29,496 |
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Slovakia | 1,877,788 | 21,226 |
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Georgia | 1,863,101 | 17,150 |
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Jordan | 1,746,997 | 14,122 |
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Republic of Ireland | 1,738,493 | 9,637 |
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Pakistan | 1,580,631 | 30,656 |
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Norway | 1,508,485 | 5,732 |
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Kazakhstan | 1,504,370 | 19,072 |
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Finland | 1,499,712 | 11,466 |
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Lithuania | 1,366,800 | 9,806 |
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Slovenia | 1,356,013 | 10,062 |
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Bulgaria | 1,329,405 | 38,700 |
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Croatia | 1,317,144 | 18,752 |
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Morocco | 1,279,115 | 16,305 |
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Puerto Rico | 1,252,713 | 5,938 |
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Guatemala | 1,250,363 | 20,203 |
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Lebanon | 1,239,904 | 10,947 |
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Costa Rica | 1,230,653 | 9,368 |
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Bolivia | 1,212,144 | 22,387 |
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Tunisia | 1,153,361 | 29,423 |
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Cuba | 1,113,662 | 8,530 |
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Ecuador | 1,076,430 | 36,049 |
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United Arab Emirates | 1,067,030 | 2,349 |
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Panama | 1,044,375 | 8,706 |
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Uruguay | 1,041,263 | 7,679 |
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Mongolia | 1,011,489 | 2,136 |
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Nepal | 1,003,450 | 12,031 |
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Belarus | 994,037 | 7,118 |
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Latvia | 977,765 | 7,475 |
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Saudi Arabia | 841,469 | 9,646 |
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Azerbaijan | 835,468 | 10,353 |
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Paraguay | 735,759 | 19,880 |
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Palestine | 703,228 | 5,708 |
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Bahrain | 696,614 | 1,536 |
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Cyprus | 691,252 | 1,445 |
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Sri Lanka | 672,779 | 16,904 |
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Kuwait | 667,290 | 2,570 |
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Dominican Republic | 661,103 | 4,384 |
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Myanmar | 642,618 | 19,494 |
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Moldova | 635,749 | 12,239 |
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Estonia | 610,471 | 2,998 |
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Venezuela | 552,695 | 5,856 |
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Egypt | 516,023 | 24,830 |
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Qatar | 514,524 | 690 |
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Libya | 507,269 | 6,437 |
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Ethiopia | 501,172 | 7,574 |
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Réunion | 494,595 | 921 |
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Honduras | 472,804 | 11,114 |
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Armenia | 451,944 | 8,777 |
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Bosnia and Herzegovina | 403,644 | 16,388 |
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Oman | 399,449 | 4,628 |
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Luxembourg | 391,729 | 1,000 |
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North Macedonia | 350,606 | 9,977 |
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Zambia | 349,661 | 4,069 |
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Brunei | 345,096 | 178 |
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Kenya | 344,101 | 5,689 |
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Albania | 335,047 | 3,605 |
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Botswana | 330,650 | 2,801 |
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Mauritius | 327,305 | 1,070 |
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Kosovo | 274,279 | 3,212 |
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Algeria | 272,034 | 6,881 |
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Nigeria | 267,188 | 3,155 |
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Zimbabwe | 266,365 | 5,740 |
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Montenegro | 251,280 | 2,654 |
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Afghanistan | 235,214 | 7,998 |
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Mozambique | 233,825 | 2,252 |
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Martinique | 230,354 | 1,104 |
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Laos | 219,048 | 671 |
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Iceland | 210,013 | 186 |
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Guadeloupe | 203,235 | 1,021 |
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El Salvador | 201,878 | 4,230 |
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Trinidad and Tobago | 191,496 | 4,390 |
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Maldives | 186,694 | 316 |
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Uzbekistan | 175,081 | 1,016 |
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Namibia | 172,418 | 4,108 |
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Uganda | 172,152 | 3,632 |
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Ghana | 172,037 | 1,462 |
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Jamaica | 156,864 | 3,600 |
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Cambodia | 139,256 | 3,056 |
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Rwanda | 133,252 | 1,468 |
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Cameroon | 125,238 | 1,974 |
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Malta | 121,628 | 909 |
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Barbados | 110,786 | 593 |
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Angola | 107,468 | 1,937 |
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Democratic Republic of the Congo | 100,616 | 1,470 |
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French Guiana | 98,041 | 413 |
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Malawi | 89,168 | 2,686 |
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Senegal | 89,101 | 1,971 |
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Kyrgyzstan | 88,953 | 1,024 |
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Ivory Coast | 88,428 | 835 |
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Suriname | 82,497 | 1,405 |
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New Caledonia | 80,163 | 314 |
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French Polynesia | 79,309 | 650 |
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Eswatini | 75,356 | 1,427 |
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Guyana | 74,161 | 1,301 |
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Belize | 71,409 | 688 |
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Fiji | 69,047 | 885 |
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Madagascar | 68,552 | 1,427 |
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Jersey | 66,391 | 161 |
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Cabo Verde | 64,474 | 417 |
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Sudan | 63,993 | 5,046 |
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Mauritania | 63,866 | 997 |
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Bhutan | 62,697 | 21 |
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Syria | 57,423 | 3,163 |
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Burundi | 54,569 | 15 |
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Guam | 52,287 | 419 |
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Seychelles | 51,770 | 172 |
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Gabon | 49,051 | 307 |
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Andorra | 48,015 | 159 |
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Papua New Guinea | 46,864 | 670 |
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Curaçao | 45,883 | 305 |
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Aruba | 44,224 | 292 |
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Tanzania | 43,226 | 846 |
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Mayotte | 42,027 | 187 |
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Togo | 39,530 | 290 |
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Bahamas | 38,619 | 848 |
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Guinea | 38,572 | 468 |
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Isle of Man | 38,008 | 116 |
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Lesotho | 36,138 | 709 |
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Guernsey | 35,326 | 67 |
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Faroe Islands | 34,658 | 28 |
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Haiti | 34,298 | 860 |
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Mali | 33,164 | 743 |
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Cayman Islands | 31,472 | 37 |
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Saint Lucia | 30,257 | 410 |
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Benin | 28,036 | 163 |
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Somalia | 27,334 | 1,361 |
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Federated States of Micronesia | 26,460 | 65 |
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Solomon Islands | 25,954 | 199 |
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United States Virgin Islands | 25,389 | 132 |
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San Marino | 25,292 | 126 |
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Republic of the Congo | 25,220 | 389 |
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Timor-Leste | 23,460 | 138 |
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Burkina Faso | 22,129 | 400 |
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Liechtenstein | 21,578 | 89 |
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Gibraltar | 20,550 | 113 |
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Grenada | 19,693 | 238 |
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Bermuda | 18,860 | 165 |
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South Sudan | 18,823 | 147 |
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Tajikistan | 17,786 | 125 |
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Monaco | 17,181 | 67 |
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Equatorial Guinea | 17,130 | 183 |
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Samoa | 17,057 | 31 |
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Tonga | 16,966 | 12 |
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Marshall Islands | 16,248 | 17 |
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Nicaragua | 16,150 | 245 |
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Dominica | 16,047 | 74 |
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Djibouti | 15,690 | 189 |
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Central African Republic | 15,440 | 113 |
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Northern Mariana Islands | 14,702 | 41 |
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Gambia | 12,627 | 372 |
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Collectivity of Saint Martin | 12,324 | 46 |
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Vanuatu | 12,019 | 14 |
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Greenland | 11,971 | 21 |
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Yemen | 11,945 | 2,159 |
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Caribbean Netherlands | 11,922 | 41 |
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Sint Maarten | 11,051 | 92 |
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Eritrea | 10,189 | 103 |
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Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 9,674 | 124 |
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Guinea-Bissau | 9,614 | 177 |
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Niger | 9,518 | 315 |
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Comoros | 9,109 | 160 |
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Antigua and Barbuda | 9,106 | 146 |
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American Samoa | 8,359 | 34 |
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Liberia | 7,930 | 294 |
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Sierra Leone | 7,836 | 125 |
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Chad | 7,702 | 194 |
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British Virgin Islands | 7,478 | 64 |
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Cook Islands | 7,327 | 2 |
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Sao Tome and Principe | 6,771 | 80 |
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Turks and Caicos Islands | 6,754 | 40 |
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Saint Kitts and Nevis | 6,607 | 46 |
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Palau | 6,366 | 10 |
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Saint Barthélemy | 5,507 | 5 |
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Nauru | 5,393 | 1 |
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Kiribati | 5,085 | 24 |
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Anguilla | 3,904 | 12 |
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Wallis and Futuna | 3,760 | 9 |
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Macau | 3,514 | 121 |
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Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 3,426 | 2 |
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Tuvalu | 2,943 | 1 |
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Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 2,166 | — |
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Falkland Islands | 1,923 | — |
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Montserrat | 1,403 | 8 |
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Niue | 1,074 | — |
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Tokelau | 80 | 0 |
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Vatican City | 26 | 0 |
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Pitcairn Islands | 4 | — |
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North Korea | 1 | 6 |
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Turkmenistan | 0 | 0 |
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About the virus
![Thumb image](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Imagen_3d_del_covidd.jpg/640px-Imagen_3d_del_covidd.jpg)
SARS‑CoV‑2 belongs to the broad family of viruses known as coronaviruses. It is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus, with a single linear RNA segment. Coronaviruses infect humans, other mammals, including livestock and companion animals, and avian species. Human coronaviruses are capable of causing illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS, fatality rate ~34%). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh known coronavirus to infect people, after 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, MERS-CoV, and the original SARS-CoV.
Like the SARS-related coronavirus implicated in the 2003 SARS outbreak, SARS‑CoV‑2 is a member of the subgenus Sarbecovirus (beta-CoV lineage B). Coronaviruses undergo frequent recombination. The mechanism of recombination in unsegmented RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 is generally by copy-choice replication, in which gene material switches from one RNA template molecule to another during replication. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA sequence is approximately 30,000 bases in length, relatively long for a coronavirus—which in turn carry the largest genomes among all RNA families. Its genome consists nearly entirely of protein-coding sequences, a trait shared with other coronaviruses. (Full article)
Disease progress
As of 13 July 2024, 775,643,495 cases of COVID-19 have been reported, resulting in 7,051,600 reported deaths.[1]
About the symptoms
![Thumb image](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Symptoms_of_coronavirus_disease_2019_4.0.svg/640px-Symptoms_of_coronavirus_disease_2019_4.0.svg.png)
The symptoms of COVID-19 are variable depending on the type of variant contracted, ranging from mild symptoms to a potentially fatal illness. Common symptoms include coughing, fever, loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia), with less common ones including headaches, nasal congestion and runny nose, muscle pain, sore throat, diarrhea, eye irritation, and toes swelling or turning purple, and in moderate to severe cases, breathing difficulties. People with the COVID-19 infection may have different symptoms, and their symptoms may change over time. Three common clusters of symptoms have been identified: one respiratory symptom cluster with cough, sputum, shortness of breath, and fever; a musculoskeletal symptom cluster with muscle and joint pain, headache, and fatigue; and a cluster of digestive symptoms with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. In people without prior ear, nose, or throat disorders, loss of taste combined with loss of smell is associated with COVID-19 and is reported in as many as 88% of symptomatic cases. (Full article)
About the spread
COVID-19 is mainly transmitted when people breathe in air contaminated by droplets/aerosols and small airborne particles containing the virus. Infected people exhale those particles as they breathe, talk, cough, sneeze, or sing. Transmission is more likely the closer people are. However, infection can occur over longer distances, particularly indoors.
Infectious particles range in size from aerosols that remain suspended in the air for long periods of time to larger droplets that remain airborne briefly or fall to the ground. Additionally, COVID-19 research has redefined the traditional understanding of how respiratory viruses are transmitted. The largest droplets of respiratory fluid do not travel far, but can be inhaled or land on mucous membranes on the eyes, nose, or mouth to infect. Aerosols are highest in concentration when people are in close proximity, which leads to easier viral transmission when people are physically close, but airborne transmission can occur at longer distances, mainly in locations that are poorly ventilated; in those conditions small particles can remain suspended in the air for minutes to hours. (Full article)
Containment measures
![Thumb image](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/20200410_Flatten_the_curve%2C_raise_the_line_-_pandemic_%28English%29.gif/640px-20200410_Flatten_the_curve%2C_raise_the_line_-_pandemic_%28English%29.gif)