玉蜀黍属(學名:Zea)又名玉米属,是禾本目禾本科下的草本植物,原产于美洲。该属共有六种,除栽培玉米亚种外的都是野生种,又被称大刍草。
本属属于黍亚科、鬚芒草總族、鬚芒草族、磨擦草亚族。[2][3]
本属已确认的物种有5个,包括部分亚种如下[4][1][5]:
- 玉蜀黍亚属(Zea section)
- 玉米 Zea mays L.
- 委委特南戈大刍草 Zea mays huehuetenangensis (H.H.Iltis & Doebley) Doebley
- 栽培玉米亚种 Zea mays mays
- 小颖大刍草 Zea mays parviglumis H.H.Iltis & Doebley
- 墨西哥大刍草 Zea mays mexicana (Schrad.) Kuntze
- 繁茂亚属(Luxuriantes section)
- 类玉米 Zea diploperennis H.H.Iltis et al.:又被称为“二倍体多年生大刍草”。
- 繁茂大刍草 Zea luxurians (Durieu & Asch.) R.M.Bird
- 尼加拉瓜大刍草 Zea nicaraguensis H.H.Iltis & B.F.Benz
- 四倍体大刍草 Zea perennis (Hitchc.) Reeves & Mangelsd.[6]
其中除四倍体大刍草为四倍体外,其余都是二倍体[5]。
Genus: Zea L.. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-02-16 [2010-11-06]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-12).
Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Zulonga, F.O., Judziewicz, T.S., Filgueiras, T.S., Davis, J.I. & Morrone, O. 2015. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution 53: 117–137. doi:10.1111/jse.12150 Fulltext PDF (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
Soreng,R.J., Davidse, G., Peterson, P.M., Zuloaga, F.O., Judziewicz, E.J., Filgueiras, T.S., O. Morrone, O. & Komaschenko, K. (2012) World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae). Available on line Poaceae (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Accessed 9 Sept. 2017.
Li, Yingzheng; Yan, Xu; Li, Xiaofeng; Cheng, Yulin; Li, Wansong; Xu, Lulu; He, Jianmei; Rong, Tingzhao; Tang, Qilin. Advances in research and utilization of maize wild relatives. Chinese Science Bulletin. 2022-12-01, 67 (36): 4370–4387. doi:10.1360/TB-2022-0669.
GRIN Species Records of Zea. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-06]. (原始内容存档于2004-11-08).