终身仁慈独裁者

终身仁慈独裁者（英語：Benevolent Dictator For Life，缩写BDFL）是少数开源软件开发者所拥有的头衔。他们通常是某一项目的创始人，并在该项目社区出现争议时拥有最终的决定权。

这一称号诞生于1995年，最初用来指Python语言的创始人吉多·范罗苏姆。^[1]^[2]当时在范罗苏姆刚加入全国研究创新联合会（英语：Corporation for National Research Initiatives）后，肯马·内梅尔（英语：Ken Manheimer）在一封邮件中试图创立一个监管Python语言开发的半正式团体。他在该邮件中首次使用了BDFL这一称呼，并戏称范罗苏姆为“首任临时BDFL”。^[1]2018年7月12日，范罗苏姆宣布不再出任Python语言的BDFL。^[3]

值得一提的是，BDFL与另一个用来指开源运动领导人的称呼“仁慈的独裁者”（benevolent dictator）的含义并不一致。后者因埃里克·雷蒙的《开拓智域》（Homesteading the Noosphere）一文而广为人知。雷蒙在文中提到，开源软件运动的本质会促使“独裁者”保持仁慈，否则巨大的分歧会导致项目被复刻并由新的领导所掌管。^[4]

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更多信息 姓名, 项目 ...

姓名	项目	参考
Juan Benet	星际文件系统	^[5]
Sylvain Benner	Spacemacs	^[6]
维塔利克·布特林	以太坊	^[7]
Dries Buytaert	content management framework	^[8]
Evan Czaplicki	Elm	^[9]^[10]
大卫·汉森	Ruby on Rails	^[11]
Rich Hickey	Clojure	^[12]
Adrian Holovaty Jacob Kaplan-Moss	Django	^[13]
克里斯·拉特納	Swift	^[14]
Xavier Leroy	OCaml	^[15]^[16]
松本行弘	Ruby	^[17]
Wes McKinney	Pandas	^[18]
布萊姆·米勒	Vim	^[19]
马特·查尔斯·穆伦维格	WordPress	^[20]
Martin Odersky	Scala	^[21]
Taylor Otwell	Laravel	^[22]^[23]
西奧·德·若特	OpenBSD	^[24]
Daniel Robbins	Funtoo Linux	^[25]
彤·羅森達爾	Blender	^[26]
Sébastien Ros	Orchard计划	^[27]
吉多·范罗苏姆	Python	^[11]^[28]^[3]
马克·沙特尔沃思	Ubuntu	^[29]
Don Syme	F♯	^[30]
林纳斯·托瓦兹	Linux	^[11]^[31]
José Valim	Elixir	^[32]
Pauli Virtanen	SciPy	^[33]^[34]
Patrick Volkerding	Slackware	^[35]
Nathan Voxland	Liquibase	^[36]
Shaun Walker	DotNetNuke	^[37]
拉里·沃尔	Perl	^[38]
Jemery Soller	Redox	^[39]

关闭

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[1]
Guido van Rossum. Origin of BDFL. 2008-07-31 [2008-08-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-21）.
[2]
Python Creator Scripts Inside Google. www.eweek.com. [2008-05-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-09）.
[3]
Guido steps down as BDFL. Python.org. 2018-07-12. （原始内容存档于2018-07-15）.
[4]
Eric S. Raymond. Homesteading the Noosphere. [2008-08-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-01）.
[5]
Understanding the IPFS White Paper part 2. [2017-08-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-22）.
[6]
Spacemacs COMMUNITY.org. [2017-08-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.
[7]
"Ethereum's Boy King Is Thinking About Giving Up the Mantle （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）"
[8]
Randy Fay, "How Do Open Source Communities Govern Themselves? （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）"
[9]
56: Ember vs. Elm: The Showdown with Philip Poots | The Frontside Podcast. The Frontside Podcast. [2017-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-16）.
[10]
elm-conf, "Code is the Easy Part" by Evan Czaplicki, 2016-09-19 [2017-08-14], （原始内容存档于2016-10-21）
[11]
Constine, Josh. Dropbox Hires Away Google’s Guido Van Rossum, The Father Of Python. TechCrunch. 2012-12-07 [2015-06-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-12-09）.
[12]
Clojure JIRA Workflow. [2015-10-03]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-13）.
[13]
Adrian and Jacob retiring as Django BDFLs. Adrian Holovaty. 2014-01-12 [2015-06-14]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-14）.
[14]
Apple Launches Swift, A New Programming Language For Writing iOS And OS X Apps. [2018-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-11）.
[15]
A History of OCaml | OCaml.org. [2015-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-01）.
[16]
OCaml Infrastructure mailing list. [2015-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-03）.
[17]
A Ruby Design Process. [2016-04-17]. （原始内容存档于2019-09-02）.
[18]
pandas 0.20.3 documentation: Tutorials. [2017-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-23）. "Wes McKinney’s (pandas BDFL) blog"
[19]
Why Neovim is Better than Vim. [2015-09-30]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-28）.
[20]
Thesis, Automattic, and WordPress | Post Status. [2015-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-04）.
[21]
Programming in Scala Leaps onto the World Stage!. [2015-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-03）.
[22]
Taylor Otwell, Twitter. Taylor Otwell. 2014-10-09 [2014-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-17）.
[23]
Taylor Otwell, Creator of the Laravel PHP Framework. 2014-08-05 [2014-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.
[24]
Hildebrand, Matthew. Interview: Theo de Raadt on Industry and Free Software. The Epoch Times. The Epoch Times. 2005-07-05 [2015-06-20]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-21）.
[25]
Welcome to Funtoo Linux. [2018-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-25）.
[26]
New Developer Info. [2015-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-06-30）.
[27]
Orchard Project Steering Committee. （原始内容存档于2015-08-12）.
[28]
The Four Hundred—Next Up on the System i: Python. www.itjungle.com. [2008-05-13]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-12）.
[29]
Ubuntu carves niche in Linux landscape. CNET. （原始内容存档于2015-11-06）.
[30]
Contributing to the F# Language and Compiler. [2015-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-21）.
[31]
Dee-Ann LeBlanc. Linux For Dummies 7th. John Wiley & Sons. 2006-07-31: 15 [2018-07-13]. ISBN 978-0-470-04793-4. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
[32]
Elixir Companies. [2017-11-01].
[33]
SciPy 1.0.0. [2017-10-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-06）.
[34]
SciPy project governance. [2017-10-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.
[35]
Stories of Linux: A Look at Slackware Linux. linux.com. [2018-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-30）.
[36]
User and Developer Community | Post Status. [2015-08-13]. （原始内容存档于2015-07-11）.
[37]
Book: Building Websites with DotNetNuke 5, Michael Washington and Ian Lackey, Packt Publishing. Page 14 "The core team comprises individuals invited to join the team by Shaun Walker, whom they affectionately call the "Benevolent Dictator"."
[38]
The Art of Ballistic Programming. （原始内容存档于2013-06-17）.
[39]
CONTRIBUTING.md · master · redox-os / redox. [2018-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-29）.

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[origin-1] [1]
Guido van Rossum. Origin of BDFL. 2008-07-31 [2008-08-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-21）.

[2] [2]
Python Creator Scripts Inside Google. www.eweek.com. [2008-05-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-09）.

[:0-3] [3]
Guido steps down as BDFL. Python.org. 2018-07-12. （原始内容存档于2018-07-15）.

[4] [4]
Eric S. Raymond. Homesteading the Noosphere. [2008-08-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-01）.

[5] [5]
Understanding the IPFS White Paper part 2. [2017-08-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-22）.

[6] [6]
Spacemacs COMMUNITY.org. [2017-08-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.

[7] [7]
"Ethereum's Boy King Is Thinking About Giving Up the Mantle （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）"

[8] [8]
Randy Fay, "How Do Open Source Communities Govern Themselves? （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）"

[9] [9]
56: Ember vs. Elm: The Showdown with Philip Poots | The Frontside Podcast. The Frontside Podcast. [2017-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-16）.

[10] [10]
elm-conf, "Code is the Easy Part" by Evan Czaplicki, 2016-09-19 [2017-08-14], （原始内容存档于2016-10-21）

[dropbox-11] [11]
Constine, Josh. Dropbox Hires Away Google’s Guido Van Rossum, The Father Of Python. TechCrunch. 2012-12-07 [2015-06-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-12-09）.

[12] [12]
Clojure JIRA Workflow. [2015-10-03]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-13）.

[13] [13]
Adrian and Jacob retiring as Django BDFLs. Adrian Holovaty. 2014-01-12 [2015-06-14]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-14）.

[14] [14]
Apple Launches Swift, A New Programming Language For Writing iOS And OS X Apps. [2018-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-11）.

[15] [15]
A History of OCaml | OCaml.org. [2015-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-01）.

[16] [16]
OCaml Infrastructure mailing list. [2015-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-03）.

[17] [17]
A Ruby Design Process. [2016-04-17]. （原始内容存档于2019-09-02）.

[18] [18]
pandas 0.20.3 documentation: Tutorials. [2017-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-23）. "Wes McKinney’s (pandas BDFL) blog"

[19] [19]
Why Neovim is Better than Vim. [2015-09-30]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-28）.

[20] [20]
Thesis, Automattic, and WordPress | Post Status. [2015-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-04）.

[21] [21]
Programming in Scala Leaps onto the World Stage!. [2015-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-03）.

[22] [22]
Taylor Otwell, Twitter. Taylor Otwell. 2014-10-09 [2014-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-17）.

[23] [23]
Taylor Otwell, Creator of the Laravel PHP Framework. 2014-08-05 [2014-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.

[24] [24]
Hildebrand, Matthew. Interview: Theo de Raadt on Industry and Free Software. The Epoch Times. The Epoch Times. 2005-07-05 [2015-06-20]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-21）.

[25] [25]
Welcome to Funtoo Linux. [2018-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-25）.

[26] [26]
New Developer Info. [2015-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-06-30）.

[27] [27]
Orchard Project Steering Committee. （原始内容存档于2015-08-12）.

[28] [28]
The Four Hundred—Next Up on the System i: Python. www.itjungle.com. [2008-05-13]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-12）.

[29] [29]
Ubuntu carves niche in Linux landscape. CNET. （原始内容存档于2015-11-06）.

[30] [30]
Contributing to the F# Language and Compiler. [2015-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-21）.

[LeBlanc2006-31] [31]
Dee-Ann LeBlanc. Linux For Dummies 7th. John Wiley & Sons. 2006-07-31: 15 [2018-07-13]. ISBN 978-0-470-04793-4. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.

[32] [32]
Elixir Companies. [2017-11-01].

[33] [33]
SciPy 1.0.0. [2017-10-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-06）.

[34] [34]
SciPy project governance. [2017-10-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.

[35] [35]
Stories of Linux: A Look at Slackware Linux. linux.com. [2018-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-30）.

[36] [36]
User and Developer Community | Post Status. [2015-08-13]. （原始内容存档于2015-07-11）.

[37] [37]
Book: Building Websites with DotNetNuke 5, Michael Washington and Ian Lackey, Packt Publishing. Page 14 "The core team comprises individuals invited to join the team by Shaun Walker, whom they affectionately call the "Benevolent Dictator"."

[38] [38]
The Art of Ballistic Programming. （原始内容存档于2013-06-17）.

[39] [39]
CONTRIBUTING.md · master · redox-os / redox. [2018-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-29）.

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终身仁慈独裁者

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终身仁慈独裁者

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被称为BDFL的人物列表

参考文献