內戰結束後,美國工業快速成長,美國進入鍍金年代(1878-1889)。紐約市的經濟上層階級快速累積財富,紐約五區(the five boroughs)逐漸發展成熟,在1918年五個行政區合併成為現今的紐約市。在此同時,擔任生產勞動力的貧窮移民亦大量湧入,尤其是來自歐洲的移民人數更加急劇上升,紐約市成為數百萬人前往美國尋求新生活的第一站。
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