重金属在生活中很常见，例如铁占所有精炼金属产量的90%[159]。一些常见的用途中，人们只是利用了重金属材料所具有的普通的金属性质，例如导电性和反光特性，或是密度、强度和耐久性度。某些重金属元素因其特性，具有一些特别的用途。例如由于部分重金属原子的 d 轨道或 f 轨道未填满，使得它们可以形成彩色的化合物[160]，这包括大多数过渡金属和镧系、锕系元素。另一些重金属元素则在化合物中显示出多种氧化态，使得它们可以催化一些化学反应。具有此特性的金属包括铂[161]、铈[162]和铋[163]等。
（1）密度高于3.5 g/cm3[3]；（2）密度高于7 g/cm3[3]；（3）原子质量大于22.98[3]；（4）原子质量大于40（除s区元素和f区元素）[4]；（5）原子质量大于200[5]；（6）原子序数大于20；（7）原子序数介于21与92[6]；（8）依据美国药典[7][8][9]；（9）基于Hawkes元素周期表的定义（除镧系和锕系）[10]；（10）Nieboer与Richardson生物化学分类[11]。元素的密度数据主要来自于约翰·埃姆斯利的著作《Nature's Building Blocks》[12]。其中砹、钫、镄至鿬的密度为预测值[13]。镄、钔、锘和铹的密度基于其原子质量与晶格结构进行推算[14][15]。
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{cite journal |last1=Du |first1=Jian |last2=Chen |first2=Xin-liang |last3=Liu |first3=Cai-chi |last4=Ni |first4=Jian |last5=Hou |first5=Guo-fu |last6=Zhao |first6=Ying |last7=Zhang |first7=Xiao-dan |title=Highly transparent and conductive indium tin oxide thin films for solar cells grown by reactive thermal evaporation at low temperature |journal=Applied Physics A |date=2014-11 |volume=117 |issue=2 |pages=815–822 |doi=10.1007/s00339-014-8436-x |accessdate=2020-09-14}}
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