1939年,美國醫生阿爾伯特·本克(Albert R. Behnke Jr.)著手研究深海潛水員有「酒醉感」的原因。他在測試對象所呼吸的氣體中調整各種氣體的比例,并發現潛水員對深度的感覺有所變化。他以此推論,氙氣能夠用於麻醉。俄羅斯毒理學家尼克拉·拉薩列夫(Nikolay V. Lazarev)曾在1941年研究過氙麻醉藥,但直到1946年美國醫學家約翰·勞倫斯(John H. Lawrence)才發表了他對老鼠進行的一項實驗研究,首次證實了氙作為麻醉藥的效用。1951年,美國麻醉師斯圖爾特·科林(Stuart C. Cullen)第一次使用氙麻醉藥,并成功為兩名病人進行了手術。[33]
隕石中的氙同位素比例可以用來研究太陽系的形成和演化。碘氙放射性定年法可以測定核合成至太陽星雲中固體物體縮合之間的時間。1960年,物理學家約翰·雷諾(John H. Reynolds)發現某些隕石中的氙-129含量異常高。他推斷這是碘-129的衰變產物。這一同位素可經宇宙射線散裂和核裂變緩慢產生,但只有在超新星爆炸中才能大量產生。由於129I的半衰期(1600萬年)相對宇宙時長來說非常短,因此可推論從超新星爆炸到隕石凝固之間經過的時間很短。一顆超新星在太陽系形成前不久爆炸,產生129I同位素之餘,可能也導致了前太陽氣體雲的收縮。[85][86]
科學家利用液態氙熱量計[164]來測量伽馬射線,并用液態氙尋找大質量弱相互作用粒子(WIMP)。理論預測,當WIMP撞擊氙原子核,會移除一顆電子,產生閃爍。如果使用氙,這一閃爍可以輕易地從其他由宇宙射線所造成的能量爆發分辨開來。[24]不過,意大利大薩索國家實驗室(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso)的「XENON」實驗以及英國伯比地底實驗室(Boulby Underground Laboratory)的ZEPLIN-II和ZEPLIN-III實驗都還沒有找到證實WIMP存在的證據。雖然沒有發現WIMP,但這些實驗有助於縮小暗物質的可能屬性範圍,以及改進相關的物理模型。[165][166]
Section 4 "Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Melting,
boiling, triple, and critical temperatures of the elements" in Lide, D. R. (编), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 86th, Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8493-0486-5
Albert, J. B.; Auger, M.; Auty, D. J.; Barbeau, P. S.; Beauchamp, E.; Beck, D.; Belov, V.; Benitez-Medina, C.; Bonatt, J.; Breidenbach, M.; Brunner, T.; Burenkov, A.; Cao, G. F.; Chambers, C.; Chaves, J.; Cleveland, B.; Cook, S.; Craycraft, A.; Daniels, T.; Danilov, M.; Daugherty, S. J.; Davis, C. G.; Davis, J.; Devoe, R.; Delaquis, S.; Dobi, A.; Dolgolenko, A.; Dolinski, M. J.; Dunford, M.; et al. Improved measurement of the 2νββ half-life of 136Xe with the EXO-200 detector. Physical Review C. 2014, 89. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.89.015502.
Rabinovich, Viktor Abramovich; Vasserman, A. A.; Nedostup, V. I.; Veksler, L. S. Thermophysical properties of neon, argon, krypton, and xenon English-language. Washington, DC: Hemisphere Publishing Corp. 1988 [2013-12-13]. ISBN 0-89116-675-0. (原始内容存档于2017-11-18).—National Standard Reference Data Service of the USSR. Volume 10.
Ramsay, W.; Travers, M. W. On the extraction from air of the companions of argon, and neon. Report of the Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. 1898: 828.
Ramsay, William. An Attempt to Estimate the Relative Amounts of Krypton and of Xenon in Atmospheric Air. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 1902, 71 (467–476): 421–426. doi:10.1098/rspl.1902.0121.
Bartlett, Neil; Lohmann, D. H. Dioxygenyl hexafluoroplatinate (V), O2+[PtF6]–. Proceedings of the Chemical Society (London: Chemical Society). 1962, (3): 115. doi:10.1039/PS9620000097.
Bartlett, N. Xenon hexafluoroplatinate (V) Xe+[PtF6]–. Proceedings of the Chemical Society (London: Chemical Society). 1962, (6): 218. doi:10.1039/PS9620000197.
Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, Egon. Bernhard J. Aylett , 编. Inorganic Chemistry. translated by Mary Eagleson and William Brewer. San Diego: Academic Press. 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.; translation of Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, originally founded by A. F. Holleman, continued by Egon Wiberg (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), edited by Nils Wiberg, Berlin: de Gruyter, 1995, 34th edition, ISBN 978-3-11-012641-9.
Paul R. Fields, Lawrence Stein, and Moshe H. Zirin. Radon Fluoride. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1962, 84 (21): 4164–4165. doi:10.1021/ja00880a048.
Caldwell, W. A.; Nguyen, J.; Pfrommer, B.; Louie, S.; Jeanloz, R. Structure, bonding and geochemistry of xenon at high pressures. Science. 1997, 277 (5328): 930–933. doi:10.1126/science.277.5328.930.
Mahaffy, P. R.; Niemann, H. B.; Alpert, A.; Atreya, S. K.; Demick, J.; Donahue, T. M.; Harpold, D. N.; Owen, T. C. Noble gas abundance and isotope ratios in the atmosphere of Jupiter from the Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer. Journal of Geophysical Research. 2000, 105 (E6): 15061–15072. Bibcode:2000JGR...10515061M. doi:10.1029/1999JE001224. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Heymann, D.; Dziczkaniec, M. Xenon from intermediate zones of supernovae. Proceedings 10th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Houston, Texas: Pergamon Press, Inc.: 1943–1959. March 19–23, 1979. Bibcode:1979LPSC...10.1943H. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Beer, H.; Kaeppeler, F.; Reffo, G.; Venturini, G. Neutron capture cross-sections of stable xenon isotopes and their application in stellar nucleosynthesis. Astrophysics and Space Science. November 1983, 97 (1): 95–119. Bibcode:1983Ap&SS..97...95B. doi:10.1007/BF00684613.
Pignatari, M.; Gallino; Straniero; Davis; Gallino, R.; Straniero, O.; Davis, A. The origin of xenon trapped in presolar mainstream SiC grains. Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana. 2004, 75: 729–734. Bibcode:2004MmSAI..75..729P. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Ruset, I. C.; Ketel, S.; Hersman, F. W. Optical Pumping System Design for Large Production of Hyperpolarized 129Xe. Physical Review Letters. 2006, 96 (5): 053002. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96e3002R. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.053002. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
von Schulthess, Gustav Konrad; Smith, Hans-Jørgen; Pettersson, Holger; Allison, David John. The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging. Taylor & Francis: 194. 1998 [2013-12-13]. ISBN 1-901865-13-4. (原始内容存档于2014-01-05). 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Warren, W. W.; Norberg, R. E. Nuclear Quadrupole Relaxation and Chemical Shift of Xe131 in Liquid and Solid Xenon. Physical Review. 1966, 148 (1): 402–412. Bibcode:1966PhRv..148..402W. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.148.402. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Bolt, B. A.; Packard, R. E.; Price, P. B. John H. Reynolds, Physics: Berkeley. The University of California, Berkeley. 2007 [2007-10-01]. (原始内容存档于2012-05-24).
Zahnle, Kevin J. Xenological constraints on the impact erosion of the early Martian atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research. 1993, 98 (E6): 10,899–10,913. Bibcode:1993JGR....9810899Z. doi:10.1029/92JE02941.
Harding, Charlie; Johnson, David Arthur; Janes, Rob. Elements of the p block. Great Britain: Royal Society of Chemistry. 2002: 93–94 [2013-12-13]. ISBN 0-85404-690-9.
Dean H Liskow, Henry F I I I Schaefer, Paul S Bagus, Bowen Liu. Probable nonexistence of xenon monofluoride as a chemically bound species in the gas phase. J Amer Chem Soc. 1973, 95 (12): 4056–4057. doi:10.1021/ja00793a042.
Weeks, James L.; Chernick, Cedric; Matheson, Max S. Photochemical Preparation of Xenon Difluoride. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1962, 84 (23): 4612. doi:10.1021/ja00882a063.
Streng, L. V.; Streng, A. G. Formation of Xenon Difluoride from Xenon and Oxygen Difluoride or Fluorine in Pyrex Glass at Room Temperature. Inorganic Chemistry. 1965, 4 (9): 1370–1371. doi:10.1021/ic50031a035.
Proserpio, Davide M.; Hoffmann, Roald; Janda, Kenneth C. The xenon-chlorine conundrum: van der Waals complex or linear molecule?. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1991, 113 (19): 7184. doi:10.1021/ja00019a014.
Richardson, Nancy A.; Hall, Michael B. The potential energy surface of xenon dichloride. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 1993, 97 (42): 10952. doi:10.1021/j100144a009.
Cockett, A.H.; Smith, K.C.; Bartlett, N. The Chemistry of the Monatomic Gases: Pergamon Texts in Inorganic Chemistry. Elsevier Science. 2013: 292. ISBN 9781483157368.
Selig, Henry; Claassen, Howard H.; Chernick, Cedric L.; Malm, John G.; Huston, John L. Xenon Tetroxide: Preparation and Some Properties. Science. 1964, 143: 1322-1323 [2016-12-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-21).
K. O. Christe, D. A. Dixon, J. C. P. Sanders, G. J. Schrobilgen, S. S. Tsai, W. W. Wilson. On the Structure of the [XeOF5]− Anion and of Heptacoordinated Complex Fluorides Containing One or Two Highly Repulsive Ligands or Sterically Active Free Valence Electron Pairs. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34 (7): 1868–1874. doi:10.1021/ic00111a039.
K. O. Christe, C. J. Schack, D. Pilipovich. Chlorine trifluoride oxide. V. Complex formation with Lewis acids and bases. Inorg. Chem. 1972, 11 (9): 2205–2208. doi:10.1021/ic50115a044.
Goetschel, Charles T.; Loos, Karl R. Reaction of xenon with dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate. Preparation of FXe-BF2. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1972, 94 (9): 3018. doi:10.1021/ja00764a022. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Khriachtchev, Leonid; Isokoski, Karoliina; Cohen, Arik; Räsänen, Markku; Gerber, R. Benny. A Small Neutral Molecule with Two Noble-Gas Atoms: HXeOXeH. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2008, 130 (19): 6114–8. PMID 18407641. doi:10.1021/ja077835v. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Pettersson, Mika; Khriachtchev, Leonid; Lundell, Jan; Räsänen, Markku. A Chemical Compound Formed from Water and Xenon: HXeOH. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1999, 121 (50): 11904–11905. doi:10.1021/ja9932784. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Ikeda, Tomoko; Mae, Shinji; Yamamuro, Osamu; Matsuo, Takasuke; Ikeda, Susumu; Ibberson, Richard M. Distortion of Host Lattice in Clathrate Hydrate as a Function of Guest Molecule and Temperature. Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 2000-11-23, 104 (46): 10623–10630. doi:10.1021/jp001313j. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
McKay, C. P.; Hand, K. P.; Doran, P. T.; Andersen, D. T.; Priscu, J. C. Clathrate formation and the fate of noble and biologically useful gases in Lake Vostok, Antarctica. Geophysical Letters. 2003, 30 (13): 35. Bibcode:2003GeoRL..30m..35M. doi:10.1029/2003GL017490. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Frunzi, Michael; Cross, R. James; Saunders, Martin. Effect of Xenon on Fullerene Reactions. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2007, 129 (43): 13343–6. PMID 17924634. doi:10.1021/ja075568n. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Patel, C. K. N.; Bennett Jr., W. R.; Faust, W. L.; McFarlane, R. A. Infrared spectroscopy using stimulated emission techniques. Physical Review Letters. 1962-08-01, 9 (3): 102–104. Bibcode:1962PhRvL...9..102P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.9.102. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Patel, C. K. N.; Faust, W. L.; McFarlane, R. A. High gain gaseous (Xe-He) optical masers. Applied Physics Letters. 1962-12-01, 1 (4): 84–85. Bibcode:1962ApPhL...1...84P. doi:10.1063/1.1753707. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Baltás, E.; Csoma, Z.; Bodai, L.; Ignácz, F.; Dobozy, A.; Kemény, L. Treatment of atopic dermatitis with the xenon chloride excimer laser. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2006, 20 (6): 657–60. PMID 16836491. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01495.x. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Wolber, J.; Rowland, I. J.; Leach, M. O.; Bifone, A. Intravascular delivery of hyperpolarized 129Xenon for in vivo MRI. Applied Magnetic Resonance. 1998, 15 (3–4): 343–352. doi:10.1007/BF03162020.
Raftery, Daniel; MacNamara, Ernesto; Fisher, Gregory; Rice, Charles V.; Smith, Jay. Optical Pumping and Magic Angle Spinning: Sensitivity and Resolution Enhancement for Surface NMR Obtained with Laser-Polarized Xenon. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1997, 119 (37): 8746. doi:10.1021/ja972035d.
Gaede, H. C.; Song, Y. -Q.; Taylor, R. E.; Munson, E. J.; Reimer, J. A.; Pines, A. High-field cross polarization NMR from laser-polarized xenon to surface nuclei. Applied Magnetic Resonance. 1995, 8 (3–4): 373. doi:10.1007/BF03162652.
Brazzle, J. D.; Dokmeci, M. R.; Mastrangelo, C. H. Modeling and Characterization of Sacrificial Polysilicon Etching Using Vapor-Phase Xenon Difluoride. Proceedings 17th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Maastricht, Netherlands: IEEE: 737–740. 1975-07-28 to 1975-08-01. ISBN 978-0-7803-8265-7. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助); 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
Drenth, Jan; Mesters, Jeroen. The Solution of the Phase Problem by the Isomorphous Replacement Method. Principles of Protein X-Ray Crystallography 3rd. New York: Springer. 2007: 123–171. ISBN 978-0-387-33334-2. doi:10.1007/0-387-33746-6_7. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Yamaguchi, K.; Soejima, K.; Koda, E.; Sugiyama, N. Inhaling Gas With Different CT Densities Allows Detection of Abnormalities in the Lung Periphery of Patients With Smoking-Induced COPD. Chest Journal. 2001, 51 (6): 1907–16. PMID 11742921. doi:10.1378/chest.120.6.1907. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)