蘑菇科（学名：Agaricaceae）又名伞菌科，是担子菌门伞菌目的一科，包含了伞菌属等合共85個屬、1340個品種[2]。
白环蘑属（Leucoagaricus）跟白鬼伞属（Leucocoprinus）這兩個屬均已知與螞蟻共生[3]。已灭绝的Coprinites属是化石记录中已知的四个agaricalean属之一。[4]其他属还有 Aureofungus, Protomycena, 和 Archaeomarasmius等属。出自大西洋沿海平原的Archaeomarasmius leggeti琥珀为 90–94Ma（百万年）前的；其他化石属出自多米尼加琥珀，也可追溯到15-20 Ma前。[5]
本科現時包括下列物種：
- 无口腹菌属 Abstoma G.H.Cunningham, 1926
- Acutocapillitium P.Ponce de León
- Agaricites Meschinelli, 1891
- 伞菌属 Agaricus Linnaeus, 1753
- Allopsalliota Nauta & Bas
- Arachnion Schwein.
- Arachniopsis W.H.Long, 1917
- Arachniopsis albicans Long, 1917
- Araneosa W.H.Long, 1941
- Asperosporus Karlsen-Ayala, Gazis & M.E.Sm., 2021
- Asperosporus subterraneus Karlsen-Ayala, Gazis & M.E.Sm., 2021
- Attamyces H.Kreisel, 1972
- Barcheria T.Lebel, 2004
- Batarrea Persoon, 1801
- Battareopsis Hennings, 1902
- Battarraeoides
- Battarrea Pers.
- Battarreoides T.Herrera, 1953
- 灰球菌屬 Bovistina
- Calbovista Morse, 1935
- Calvatiopsis Hollós, 1929
- Catastoma
- Cauloglossum
- Cercopemyces T.J.Baroni, Kropp & V.S.Evenson, 2014
- 露伞属 Chamaemyces Battarra ex Earle
- Chlamydopus Speg., 1898
- Chlorolepiota A.V.Sathe & S.D.Deshpande, 1979
- 青褶伞属 Chlorophyllum Massee
- 绿褶托菇属 Clarkeinda Kuntze
- Clavogaster Henn., 1896
- 粉尘环柄菇属 Coniolepiota Vellinga, 2011
- Constricta R.Heim & L.M.Meléndez-Howell, 1965
- Coprinites Poinar & Singer, 1990
- 鬼伞属 Coprinus Pers., 1797
- Crucispora E.Horak, 1971
- Cryptolepiota B.R.Kropp & J.M.Trappe, 2012
- 黑蛋巢菌属 Cyathus Haller, 1768
- 囊皮菌属 Cystoderma S.Imai, 1938
- 小囊皮菌属 Cystodermella Harmaja
- 囊小伞属 Cystolepiota Singer
- Dictyocephalos Underw. ex V.S.White, 1901
- 脱顶马勃属 Disciseda Czern., 1845
- 鳞环柄菇属 Echinoderma (Bon) Bon
- Endolepiotula Singer, 1963
- Endoptychum Czern.
- Eriocybe Vellinga, 2011
- 卷毛菇属 Floccularia Pouzar
- Gasterellopsis J.B.Routien, 1940
- Gigasperma E.Horak, 1971
- Glyptoderma R.Heim & Perreau-Bertrand, 1971
- Gyrophragmium Mont.
- Hebolomatis Earle, 1909
- Hiatulopsis Singer & Grinling
- Holocotylon Lloyd, 1906
- 层蘑菇属 Hymenagaricus Heinem., 1981
- Hypogaea E.Horak, 1964
- Janauaria Singer
- Japonogaster Y.Kobayasi, 1989
- 环柄菇属 Lepiota P.Browne, 1756
- 白环蘑属 Leucoagaricus Locq. ex Singer, 1948
- 白鬼伞属 Leucocoprinus Pat., 1888
- 白鳞伞属 Leucopholiota (Romagn.) O.K.Mill., T.J.Volk & Bessette
- Leucopholiota decorosa (Peck) O.K.Mill., T.J.Volk & Bessette
- Leucopholiota lignicola (P.Karst.) Harmaja
- Longula Zeller, 1945
- 网纹马勃属 Lycoperdon Pers.
- Lycoperdopsis P.C.Hennings, 1900
- 大环柄菇属 Macrolepiota Singer
- Mastocephalus O.Kuntze ex F.S.Earle, 1909
- Melanophyllum Velen.
- Metraria M.C.Cooke & Massee, 1891
- Metrodia J.Raithelhuber, 1971
- 小腹蕈属 Micropsalliota Höhn.
- 蒙氏假菇属 Montagnea Fr.
- Montagnites
- Morobia
- Mycenastrum Desv.
- 被钵菌属 Mycocalia J.T.Palmer
- Neosecotium R.Singer & A.H.Smith, 1960
- 红蛋巢菌属 Nidula V.S.White, 1902
- 鸟巢菌属 Nidularia Fr., 1817
- Notholepiota E.Horak, 1971
- Panaeolopsis Singer
- Phaeopholiota M.V.Locquin & B.M.Sarwal, 1983
- Phellorinia Berk.
- Phlebonema R.Heim, 1929
- Phyllogaster D.N.Pegler, 1969
- 轴灰包属 Podaxis Desv.
- Polyplocium
- Pratella (Pers.) Gray
- Psalliota (Fr.) P.Kumm., 1871
- Pseudoauricularia Y.Kobayasi, 1982
- Pseudolepiota
- Queletia Fr.
- Rhacophyllus M.J.Berkeley & Broome, 1871
- 岸生小菇属 Ripartitella Singer
- Rugosospora Heinem.
- Scaphophorum Ehrenberg ex Wallroth, 1833
- Schinzinia Fayod, 1889
- Schizostoma Ehrenb. ex Lév.
- Schulzeria Bres. & Schulzer
- Secotium Kunze
- Sericeomyces Heinem.
- Singerina A.V.Sathe & S.Deshpande, 1981
- Smithiogaster J.E.Wright, 1975
- 史密斯菇属 Smithiomyces Singer, 1944
- Sphaerocybis F.E.Clements, 1909
- Stellifera Leman, 1824
- Termiticola E.Horak, 1979
- 柄灰包属 Tulostoma Pers., 1794
- Utraria (Quélet) Jeppson & E.Larsson, 2007
- Verrucospora E.Horak, 1967
- Volvolepiota Singer
- 黄蘑菇属 (Heinem.) Little Flower, Hosag. & T.K.Abraham, 1997
- Xerocoprinus R.Maire, 1907
B. Hölldobler & E.O. Wilson. The superorganism: the beauty, elegance, and strangeness of insect societies. New York NY: W. W. Norton & Company. 2009.
