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冷杉属（学名：Abies），又稱樅，是松科下的一个属，约40种。冷杉属植物原产于北美、中美、亚洲、欧洲和非洲北部。冷杉的叶与松科其他属植物不同。其叶针状，直接生于枝上，叶基部形似吸杯，落叶后枝上留下环形叶痕。毬果垂直单生，成熟后鳞片脱落，但穗状轴在枝上宿存。每片薄而呈圆形的果鳞上著生两粒具宽翅的种子。
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本属包括以下物种：
- Abies agglom Pinsapo
- Abies agglom Religio
- Abies agglom Sibiria
- 銀冷杉 Abies alba Mill.
- Abies alba × Abies nordmanniana
- Abies alba × concolor
- Abies alcockiana Lindl. ex K.Koch, 1873
- Abies alcoqueana Gordon, 1862
- Abies amabilis Douglas ex J.Forbes
- Abies arctica A.Cunn. ex Gordon, 1858
- Abies baborensis Coss. ex Parl., 1868
- 膠冷杉 Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.
- Abies balsamea × sibirica
- Abies batavorum Siebold., 1867
- 百山祖冷杉 Abies beshanzuensis
- Abies borisii-regis Mattf.
- Abies brachyptera Rafarin
- Abies bracteata (D.Don) A.Poit.
- Abies bracteata Hook. & Arn., 1840
- Abies cephalonica Link, 1842
- Abies cephalonica Loudon
- 秦岭冷杉 Abies chensiensis Tiegh.
- 察隅冷杉 Abies chayuensis
- 秦岭冷杉 Abies chensiensis
- Abies concolor (Gordon) Lindl. ex Hildebr.
- Abies concolor Lindl. & Gordon, 1850
- Abies concolor × Abies grandis
- Abies decidua Wall.
- 苍山冷杉 Abies delavayi
- 黄果冷杉 Abies ernestii
- 冷杉 Abies fabri
- 巴山冷杉 Abies fargesii
- 岷江冷杉 Abies faxoniana
- 中甸冷杉 Abies ferreana
- 日本冷杉 Abies firma
- 库页冷杉 Abies sachalinensis
- 川滇冷杉 Abies forrestii
- 长苞冷杉 Abies georgei
- 杉松 Abies holophylla
- 台湾冷杉 Abies kawakamii
- 臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis
- 怒江冷杉 Abies nukiangensis
- 紫果冷杉 Abies recurvata
- 新疆冷杉 Abies sibirica
- 西藏冷杉 Abies spectabilis
- 鳞皮冷杉 Abies squamata
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