細胞分裂(sai3 baau1 fan1 lit6,英文cell division)係生物體生長同埋繁殖嘅基礎,通常由一個親本細胞分做兩個或者四個子細胞,係細胞週期嘅一部分。如果最後分咗兩個唔同嘅子細胞就嗌細胞異裂[1]

細胞分裂根據類型可以分做有絲分裂(mitosis)同埋減數分裂(meiosis),有絲分裂喺真核生物入面好緊要,而且佢唔會改變染色體嘅倍數,叫雙倍體嘅大部份細胞都係做有絲分裂分出嚟。[2]而減數分裂會產生染色體倍數減半嘅配子,叫單倍體,係有性生殖嘅必要條件,所以人嘅生殖系統會做減數分裂。[2]

如果細胞分裂唔受控制,會搞到某啲細胞增生。嚴重之會演變做惡性腫瘤,其中嚟自上皮組織嘅又嗌

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