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對稱密匙密碼(symmetric-key cryptography)泛指傳訊人同收訊人用嘅密匙一樣嘅密碼體制。密匙係指用嚟幫手做加密同解密嘅額外資訊,例如圍欄密碼法同凱撒密碼法當中嘅 以及係彼利菲密碼法同維吉尼密碼法當中用到嗰啲關鍵字。喺實際應用上,用家梗要有啲方法傳達有關「密匙係乜」嘅資訊,收訊人先會有能力做解密,通常係傳訊人同收訊人事先講好個用開嘅密匙,或者係傳訊人要傳信息之前講個密匙俾收訊人知。一路直至 1976 年中為止,世上嘅加密方法冚唪唥都係用對稱密匙密碼做嘅[1]。
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