花柱

花柱（英語：style），是花中雌蕊的一部分，連接柱頭與子房。花柱通常為管狀，並可為空心或實心。花粉管在柱頭萌發後生長經過花柱內部而到達胚珠，在一些例子中花柱也負責執行孢子體自交不親和性，可阻止花粉管完全生長^[1]。花柱可能具有引導花粉管抵達胚珠的作用，具體方法可能是透過花粉管與花柱通道的黏著^[2]。

花柱的位置

花柱頂生

花柱側生

花柱基生

某些植物同一物種的花柱長度存在變異。例如小花風毛菊的花柱及其柱頭分叉長度會隨著海拔的升高顯著增長^[3]；歐洲千里光的花柱長度可分為長柱型和短柱型^[4]。

花柱長度的變異可能與花大小、花粉體積、花粉管生長速率、花粉敗育比率等有關，更長的花柱可能更有利於傳粉和繁殖^[5]。

[1]
McClure BA; et al. Style self-incompatibility gene products of Nicotiana alata are ribonucleases.. Nature. 1989-12-21 [2015-01-22]. （原始內容存檔於2015-01-22）.
[2]
Sun Tae Kim, Elizabeth M. Lord. Exogenous Free Ubiquitin Enhances Lily Pollen Tube Adhesion to an in Vitro Stylar Matrix and May Facilitate Endocytosis of SCA. Plant Physiology. 2006-12 [2015-01-22]. （原始內容存檔於2021-08-23）.
[3]
Yi-Feng, Wang; Hong-Yan, G. a. O.; Hai-Yan, S. H. I.; Jian-Hong, Wang; Guo-Zhen, D. U. ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF SAUSSUREA PARVIFLORA’S SEXUAL ORGANS, QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology. 2008-03-30, 32 (2): 379. doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.015.
[4]
Love, John; Graham, Sean W.; Irwin, Judith A.; Ashton, Paul A.; Bretagnolle, Francois; Abbott, Richard J. Self-pollination, style length development and seed set in self-compatible Asteraceae: evidence from Senecio vulgaris L.. Plant Ecology & Diversity. 2016-07-03, 9 (4): 371–379. doi:10.1080/17550874.2016.1244576.
[5]
Xiaoyue, Wang; Xinxin, Zhu; Juan, Yang; Yunjing, Liu; Xiaoxin, Tang. Variation in style length and the effect on reproductive success in Chinese plums (Armeniaca mume). Biodiversity Science. 2019, 27 (2): 159–167. doi:10.17520/biods.2018317.

[1] [1]
McClure BA; et al. Style self-incompatibility gene products of Nicotiana alata are ribonucleases.. Nature. 1989-12-21 [2015-01-22]. （原始內容存檔於2015-01-22）.

[2] [2]
Sun Tae Kim, Elizabeth M. Lord. Exogenous Free Ubiquitin Enhances Lily Pollen Tube Adhesion to an in Vitro Stylar Matrix and May Facilitate Endocytosis of SCA. Plant Physiology. 2006-12 [2015-01-22]. （原始內容存檔於2021-08-23）.

[3] [3]
Yi-Feng, Wang; Hong-Yan, G. a. O.; Hai-Yan, S. H. I.; Jian-Hong, Wang; Guo-Zhen, D. U. ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF SAUSSUREA PARVIFLORA’S SEXUAL ORGANS, QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology. 2008-03-30, 32 (2): 379. doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.015.

[4] [4]
Love, John; Graham, Sean W.; Irwin, Judith A.; Ashton, Paul A.; Bretagnolle, Francois; Abbott, Richard J. Self-pollination, style length development and seed set in self-compatible Asteraceae: evidence from Senecio vulgaris L.. Plant Ecology & Diversity. 2016-07-03, 9 (4): 371–379. doi:10.1080/17550874.2016.1244576.

[5] [5]
Xiaoyue, Wang; Xinxin, Zhu; Juan, Yang; Yunjing, Liu; Xiaoxin, Tang. Variation in style length and the effect on reproductive success in Chinese plums (Armeniaca mume). Biodiversity Science. 2019, 27 (2): 159–167. doi:10.17520/biods.2018317.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

Wikiwand in your browser!

花柱

Wikiwand in your browser!

花柱長度變異現象

參考資料