在形式系統與邏輯中,合式公式(well-formed formula,WFF)又稱合適公式[1]、良式公式,可簡稱公式(formula),即「符合語法規則的公式」,是一邏輯體系中的「一個表達式」或「一個有限符號序列」;此表達式或序列,來自給定的字母表(字符),且屬於形式語言的一種。合式公式與該邏輯體系的構成規則相符合,類似於自然語言中的一個語法句子。
若給定一形式文法,則WFF是這個文法生成的任何字符串。
例如,在命題演算中符號序列是一個WFF,因為它在文法上正確。符號序列不是WFF,因為它不符合命題演算的文法。
在形式邏輯中,證明是有特定性質的WFF序列,而序列中最終的WFF就是要證明的。
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