鴿屬（學名：Columba），是鳩鴿科的一屬，此屬的鳥類稱作鴿、鴿子、粉鳥，包括各種中型和大型的鴿子，其中有人類常見的鴿子，即原鴿還有擁有白色羽毛的白鴿。
下屬物種
- Columba afra Linnaeus, 1766
- 白枕鴿 Columba albinucha Sassi, 1911
- 白領鴿 Columba albitorques Rüppell, 1837
- Columba amboinensis (Anon.) 1840
- 銀鴿 Columba argentina Bonaparte, 1855
- 黃眼鴿 Columba arquatrix Temminck, 1808
- 波氏鴿 Columba bollii Godman, 1872
- Columba capistrata Temminck, 1822
- Columba cucullata Linnæus, 1758
- 德氏鴿 Columba delegorguei Delegorgue, 1847
- Columba domestica Linnaeus, 1758
- Columba eimeensis Gmelin, 1789
- 灰頭林鴿 Columba elphinstonii (Sykes, 1832)
- Columba erythrothorax Meyen, 1834
- 中亞鴿 Columba eversmanni Bonaparte, 1856
- 斑鴿 Columba guinea Linnaeus, 1758
- Columba gutturosa Linnaeus, 1758
- Columba hispanica Linnaeus, 1758
- Columba hispida Linnaeus, 1758
- 點斑林鴿 Columba hodgsonii Vigors, 1832，斑林鴿
- Columba iriditorques Cassin, 1856
- 黑林鴿 Columba janthina Temminck, 1830
- 琉球銀斑黑鴿 Columba jouyi (Stejneger, 1887)
- 桂冠鴿 Columba junoniae Hartert, 1916
- 非洲鴿 Columba larvata Temminck, 1809
- 白頭鴿 Columba leucomela Temminck, 1821
- 雪鴿 Columba leuconota Vigors, 1831
- Columba leucoptera Linnæus, 1758
- 原鴿 Columba livia J.F.Gmelin, 1789，被馴化後稱家鴿
- 聖多美鴿 Columba malherbii J.Verreaux & E.Verreaux, 1851
- Columba marginata Linnaeus, 1766
- Columba melitensis Lydekker, 1891
- Columba micula Wemore, 1924
- 山鴿 Columba monticola Tschudi, 1844
- Columba norfolciensis Latham, 1801
- 歐鴿 Columba oenas Linnaeus, 1758
- 索馬利亞岩鴿 Columba oliviae S.Clarke, 1918
- Columba omnisanctorum Ballman, 1976
- Columba pallida Latham, 1801
- 黃腿鴿 Columba pallidiceps (E.P.Ramsay, 1878)
- 安達曼林鴿 Columba palumboides (Hume, 1873)
- 斑尾林鴿 Columba palumbus Linnaeus, 1758
- 葛摩林鴿 Columba pollenii Schlegel, 1865
- 灰林鴿 Columba pulchricollis Blyth, 1846
- 紫林鴿 Columba punicea Blyth, 1842
- 岩鴿 Columba rupestris Pallas, 1811
- Columba sinica Linnaeus, 1758
- 喀麥隆鴿 Columba sjostedti Reichenow, 1901
- Columba tabellaria Linnæus, 1758
- Columba thiriouxi Hume, 2011
- 聖多美綠鴿 Columba thomensis Barboza du Bocage, 1888
- Columba torringtoniae (Kelaart, 1853)
- Columba tremula Linnæus, 1758
- Columba trocaz Heineken, 1829
- Columba turbita Linnaeus, 1758
- 鱗斑灰鴿 Columba unicincta Cassin, 1860
- Columba venusta Temminck, 1825
- 小笠原雜色林鴿 Columba versicolor Kittlitz, 1832
- 白喉林鴿 Columba vitiensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
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