法國天文學家尼可拉·路易·拉卡伊在好望角停留兩年,觀察並分類上萬顆南天恆星,在1751至1752年劃分矩尺座並取名「l’Équerre et la Règle」,意為「三角板和直尺」[2][3]他在歐洲無法觀測的南天球星空劃出14個星座,其中13個用象徵啟蒙時代的科學儀器命名[4][注 1]。拉卡伊1756年的南天星圖把矩尺座、圓規座和南三角座畫成繪圖工具套裝,分別代表三角板和直尺、圓規、測量員使用的水平儀[5]。星圖上水平儀的位置懸在三角形頂點上方,導致部分天文學家誤以為拉卡伊把「三角板和直尺」更名「水平儀」[4]。1763年,拉卡伊把星座名稱縮短並拉丁化成「Norma」[2]。
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