樹蛙屬

樹蛙屬（學名：Rhacophorus）是無尾目樹蛙科下的一個屬，全世界大約有80種，大多皮色美麗，並能隨環境不同而變色。主要分布在東亞包括台灣、中國和日本，南亞包括印度和斯里蘭卡以及東南亞包括越南、寮國、柬埔寨、緬甸、泰國、馬來西亞、印度尼西亞和菲律賓。

樹蛙屬
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	脊索動物門 Chordata
綱：	兩棲綱 Amphibia
目：	無尾目 Anura
科：	樹蛙科 Rhacophoridae
亞科：	樹蛙亞科 Rhacophorinae
屬：	樹蛙屬 Rhacophorus Kuhl & Van Hasselt, 1822
異名
Huangixalus Fei, Ye & Jiang, 2012 Leptomantis Peters, 1867 Rhacoforus Palacky, 1898 (lapsus) Racophorus Schlegel, 1826 (lapsus)

樹蛙趾間有蹼，趾末端有吸盤，善於爬樹，但也常到地面活動，牠們較常在夜間行動，捕食昆蟲、蜘蛛、蚯蚓、蒼蠅、蚱蜢等。

下屬種

本屬包括以下物種：^[1]

• Rhacophorus achantharrhena Harvey, Pemberton & Smith, 2002^[2]，為Zhangixalus achantharrhena (Harvey, Pemberton & Smith, 2002)的異名
• Rhacophorus annamensis Smith, 1924
• Rhacophorus belalongensis Dehling & Grafe, 2008^[3]，為Leptomantis belalongensis (Dehling & Grafe, 2008)的異名
• Rhacophorus baluensis Inger, 1954
• Rhacophorus barisani Harvey, Pemberton et Smith, 2002^[2]
• Rhacophorus bengkuluensis Streicher, Hamidy, Harvey, Anders, Shaney, Kurniawan et Smith, 2014^[4]
• Rhacophorus bifasciatus Van Kampen, 1923
• 雙斑樹蛙 Rhacophorus bipunctatus Ahl, 1927
• Rhacophorus borneensis Matsui, Shimada et Sudin, 2013^[5]
• Rhacophorus calcadensis Ahl, 1927^[6]
• Rhacophorus calcaneus Smith, 1924
• Rhacophorus catamitus Harvey, Pemberton et Smith, 2002^[2]
• 綠背樹蛙 Rhacophorus dorsoviridis Bourret, 1937，現接受名為綠背樹蛙 Zhangixalus dorsoviridis (Bourret, 1937)
• Rhacophorus dulitensis Boulenger, 1892^[7]，為Zhangixalus dulitensis (Boulenger, 1892)的異名
• 獨龍江樹蛙 Rhacophorus dulongensis Chen, Lee & Yuan, 2024^[8]
• Rhacophorus edentulus Müller, 1894
• Rhacophorus exechopygus Inger, Orlov et Darevsky, 1999
• Rhacophorus gadingensis Das & Haas, 2005^[9]，為Leptomantis gadingensis (Das & Haas, 2005)的異名
• Rhacophorus georgii Roux, 1904
• Rhacophorus helenae Rowley, Tran, Hoang et Le, 2012^[10]
• Rhacophorus hoabinhensis Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Ninh et Ziegler, 2017^[11]
• Rhacophorus hoanglienensis Orlov, Lathrop, Murphy et Ho, 2001
• Rhacophorus htunwini Wilkinson, Thin, Lwin & Shein, 2005^[12]，為Rhacophorus bipunctatus Ahl, 1927的異名
• 印尼樹蛙 Rhacophorus indonesiensis Hamidy et Kurniati, 2015
• Rhacophorus jarujini Matsui & Panha, 2006^[13]
• 黑蹼樹蛙 Rhacophorus kio Ohler et Delorme, 2006
• 老山樹蛙 Rhacophorus laoshan Mo, Jiang, Xie et Ohler, 2008
• Rhacophorus larissae Ostroshabov, Orlov et Nguyen, 2013
• Rhacophorus lateralis Boulenger, 1883^[6]
• 麗水樹蛙 Rhacophorus lishuiensis Liu, Wang et Jiang^[14][15]
• 馬拉巴滑翔樹蛙 Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870^[6]
• 栗樹蛙 Rhacophorus margaritifer (Schlegel, 1837)
• Rhacophorus marmoridorsum Orlov, 2008
• Rhacophorus modestus Boulenger, 1920
• 山地樹蛙 Rhacophorus monticola Boulenger, 1896
• 那坡樹蛙 Rhacophorus napoensis Li, Liu, Yu et Sun, 2022^[16]
• 黑掌樹蛙 Rhacophorus nigropalmatus Boulenger, 1895
• Rhacophorus norhayatii Chan et Grismer, 2010^[17]
• 奧氏樹蛙 Rhacophorus orlovi Ziegler et Köhler, 2001^[18]
• 賴氏樹蛙 Rhacophorus Lai Dingyuan Ziegler et Köhler, 2024^[19]
• Rhacophorus pardalis Günther, 1858^[20]
• Rhacophorus penanorum Dehling, 2008^[21]，為Leptomantis penanorum (Dehling, 2008)的異名 平龍樹蛙
• Zhangixalus pinglongensis (Mo, Chen, Liao & Zhou, 2016)
• Rhacophorus poecilonotus Boulenger, 1920
• Rhacophorus pseudacutirostris Dehling, 2011^[22]，為Leptomantis pseudacutirostris (Dehling, 2011)的異名
• Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus Vasudevan et Dutta, 2000^[6] 瓊樹蛙
• Rhacophorus qiongica Tang, Xiao, Liu, Wang, Yu & Du, 2024 ^[23] 黑蹼樹蛙
• Rhacophorus reinwardtii (Schlegel, 1840)^[17] 紅蹼樹蛙
• Rhacophorus rhodopus Liu et Hu, 1960
• Rhacophorus robertingeri Orlov, Poyarkov, Vassilieva, Ananjeva, Nguyen, Sang et Geissler, 2012
• Rhacophorus spelaeus Orlov, Gnophanxay, Phimminith et Phomphoumy, 2010^[24] 西巴霞樹蛙
• Rhacophorus subansiriensis Mathew et Sen, 2009 橫紋樹蛙
• Rhacophorus translineatus Wu 圓疣樹蛙
• Rhacophorus tuberculatus (Anderson, 1871)
• Rhacophorus turpes Smith, 1940
• Rhacophorus vampyrus Rowley, Le, Thi, Stuart et Hoang, 2010^[25]
• Rhacophorus vanbanicus Kropachev, Orlov, Ninh et Nguyen, 2019 疣足樹蛙
• Rhacophorus verrucopus Huang, 1983，為圓疣樹蛙Rhacophorus tuberculatus的次訂同物異名^[26] 綠點樹蛙
• Rhacophorus viridimaculatus Ostroshabov, Orlov et Nguyen, 2013 安徽樹蛙
• Rhacophorus zhoukaiyae T.Pan, Y.Zhang & B.Zhang, 2017^[27]

分類

2019年，依據粒線體分子系統學、形態學和生物地理分布的情況，將原樹蛙屬拆分為3屬^[28]：

• 狹義樹蛙屬 (Rhacophorus sensu stricto)：分布於南亞、東南亞及中國西南地區
• 瘦樹蛙屬(Leptomantis) ：分布於東南亞
• 張樹蛙屬(Zhangixalus)：分布於東亞及中南半島北部

參考文獻

1. Rhacophorus Kuhl & Van Hasselt, 1822. GBIF. [2022-12-19]. （原始內容存檔於2022-12-19）.
2. Harvey, M.B.; Pemberton, A.J. & Smith, E.N. 2002. New and poorly known parachuting frogs (Rhacophoridae: Rhacophorus) from Sumatra and Java. Herpetological Monographs. 16: 46-92.: DOI: 10.1655/0733-1347(2002)016%5B0046:NAPKPF%5D2.0.CO%3B2
3. Dehling, J. M. & T. U. Grafe. 2008. A new treefrog of the genus Rhacophorus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Brunei Darussalam (Borneo). Salamandra, 44(2): 101-112.
4. Streicher, Jeffrey W., Amir Hamidy, Michael B. Harvey, Ben Anders, Kyle Shaney, Nia Kurniawan and Eric N. Smith. 2014. Mitochondrial DNA reveals A New Species of Parachuting Frog (Rhacophoridae: Rhacophorus) from Sumatra. Zootaxa. 3878(4);
5. Matsui M, Shimada T & Sudin A. 2013. A New Gliding Frog of the Genus Rhacophorus from Borneo. Curr. Herpetol. 32 (2): 112-124. DOI: 10.5358/hsj.32.11
6. 2013. Taxonomic review of the tree frog genus Rhacophorus from the Western Ghats, India (Anura: Rhacophoridae), with description of ontogenetic colour changes and reproductive behaviour. Zootaxa. 3636(2): 257–289.
7. J. Maximilian Dehling and D. Matthias Dehling. 2013. Range extension of Rhacophorus dulitensis Boulenger, 1892 (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) in western Borneo. Check List. 9(2): 425–426.
8. Ping-Shin Lee, Ben Liu, Meng Ouyang, Ren-Da Ai, Xiao-Long Liu, Yan-Hong He, Ping-Qian Huang, Ying-Chun Li, R. S. Naveen, Zhi-Yong Yuan and Jin-Min Chen. 2024. Hidden in the Bamboo: A New Parachuting Frog (Rhacophoridae, Rhacophorus) from the borderlands of western China, with Comments on the Taxonomy of R. rhodopus. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 100(3): 851-862. DOI: 10.3897/zse.100.120224
9. Das, I. and Haas, A. 2005. A new species of Rhacophorus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Gunung Gading, Sarawak. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 53(2): 101-107.
10. Anna B. Vassilieva, Svetlana S. Gogoleva and Nikolay Jr. A. Poyarkov. 2016. Larval Morphology and Complex Vocal Repertoire of Rhacophorus helenae (Anura: Rhacophoridae), A Rare Flying Frog from Vietnam. Zootaxa. 4127(3); DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4127.3.6
11. Tao Thien Nguyen, Cuong The Pham, Truong Quang Nguyen, Hoa Thi Ninh and Thomas Ziegler. 2017. A New Species of Rhacophorus (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Vietnam. Asian Herpetological Research. 8(4); 221–234. DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.170046
12. Wilkinson, Jeffery A.; Thin, Thin; Lwin Kyi Soe & Shein, Awan Khwi. 2005. A new species of Rhacophorus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Myanmar (Burma). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 56(4): 42–52.
13. Prapaiporn Thongproh, Montri Youjaroen, Yodchaiy Chuaynkern, Chantip Chuaynkern, Pramote Ratree, Prateep Duengkae, Ekachai Phetcharat, Wassana Maiprom, Wimol Ungprombundith and Teerayut Wongpaiseart. 2018. On The Identities of Rhacophorus jarujini Matsui and Panha, 2006 and Rhacophorus orlovi Ziegler and Köhler, 2001 (Amphibia, Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Thailand. Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology [Maejo Int. J. Sci. Technol.]. 12(1); 36-50.
14. 劉寶權, 王聿凡, 蔣珂,等. 中國浙江發現樹蛙屬一新種(兩棲綱:樹蛙科).
15. Liu, B.Q., Wang, Y.F., Jiang, K., Chen, H.M., Xu, J. N. and Wu, C.H., 2017. A new species of the genus Rhacophorus found in Zhejiang, China (Anura: Rhacophoridae). Chinese Journal of Zoology, 52(3), 361–372.
16. Jing Li et al. / ZooKeys 1117: 123–138 (2022)
17. 2010. Re-assessment of the Reinwardt’s Gliding Frog, Rhacophorus reinwardtii (Schlegel 1840) (Anura: Rhacophoridae) in Southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia and its re-description as a new species. Zootaxa.
18. Liu, S., M. Hou, Y. Fan, M. Mo, and D.-q. Rao. 2022. First record of Theloderma khoii Ninh, Nguyen, Nguyen, Hoang, Siliyavong, Nguyen, Le, Le & Ziegler, 2022 from China, with confirmation of Rhacophorus orlovi Ziegler & Köhler, 2001 in China (Anura, Rhacophoridae). Herpetozoa. Wien 35: 199–208 (DOI 10.3897/herpetozoa.35.e90607).
19. Liu, S., M. Hou, Y. Fan, M. Mo, and D.-q. Rao. 2022. First record of Theloderma khoii Ninh, Nguyen, Nguyen, Hoang, Siliyavong, Nguyen, Le, Le & Ziegler, 2022 from China, with confirmation of Rhacophorus orlovi Ziegler & Köhler, 2001 in China (Anura, Rhacophoridae). Herpetozoa. Wien 35: 199–208 (DOI 10.3897/herpetozoa.35.e90607).
20. Sheridan, J.A., S.D. Howard, P. Yambun, J.L. Rice, R. Cadwallader-Staub, A. Karolus, and D. Bickford. 2012. Novel behaviors of Southeast Asian rhacophorid frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae) with an updated anuran species list for Danum Valley, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Tropical Natural History. 12 (1): 1-8.
21. Dehling, J.M. 2008. A new treefrog (Anura: Rhacophoridae: Rhacophorus) from Gunung Mulu, Borneo. Salamandra. 44(4): 193-205.:
22. Dehling, J.M. 2011 Taxonomic status of the population of Rhacophorus angulirostris Ahl, 1927 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Sumatera Barat (Western Sumatra) and its description as a new species. Salamandra, 47(3): 133-143.
23. Shangjing Tang, Fanrong Xiao, Shuo Liu, Lijun Wang, Guohua Yu and Lina Du. 2024. Underestimated Species Diversity within the Rhacophorus rhodopus and Rhacophorus bipunctatus complexes (Anura, Rhacophoridae), with A Description of A New Species from Hainan, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 100(2): 625-643. DOI: 10.3897/zse.100.118879
24. Orlov NL, Gnophanxay S, Phimminith T and Phomphoumy K. 2010. A new species of Rhacophorus (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae: Rhacophorinae) from Khammouan Province, Lao PDR. Russian J Herpetology. 16:295-303
25. Rowley, J.J.L., Le, T.T.D., Tran, T.A.D., Stuart, B.L., & Hoang, D.H. 2010. A new tree frog of the genus Rhacophorus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Vietnam. Zootaxa. 2727: 45–55. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/zt02727p055.pdf （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
26. Che, J.（車靜）, K. Jiang, F. Yan, and Y. Zhang. 2020. Amphibians and Reptiles in Tibet—Diversity and Evolution [In Chinese with English abstracts and species descriptions]. Beijing, China: Chinese Academy of Sciences. Science Press.
27. Pan, T., Zhang, Y.N., Wang, H., Wu, J., Kang, X., Qian, L.F., Li, K., Zhang, Y., Chen, J.Y., Rao, D.Q. and Jiang, J.P., 2017. A new species of the genus Rhacophorus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Dabie Mountains in East China. Asian Herpetological Research, 8(1), 1–13.
28. Dechun JIANG; Ke JIANG,Jinlong REN,et al. Resurrection of the Genus Leptomantis, with Description of a New Genus to the Family Rhacophoridae (Amphibia: Anura). Asian Herpetological Research(AHR). 2019, 10 (1): 1–12 [2020-12-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-26）. 引文使用過時參數coauthors (幫助)