F質粒又叫F因子,為fertility factor(致育因子)的簡稱,是在大腸桿菌等細菌中發現的一種最有代表性的單拷貝的接合型質粒,其決定性別並有轉移功能。

F質粒是雄性決定因子,因此帶有F質粒的細胞為雄性細胞,與此對應不含F質粒的為雌性細胞。帶有F質粒的細菌有性菌毛(每菌僅為1-4根)。

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