荷兰语正写法
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荷兰语正写法(荷兰语:Nederlandse spelling),简称荷兰文,是一套以拉丁字母为基础,制定出适合用于拼写荷兰语的正写法。该拼写系统由荷兰政府以法令颁布,对所有政府文件和教育机构皆具强制性。
字母
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Dutch_alphabet_%281560%29.gif/640px-Dutch_alphabet_%281560%29.gif)
现代荷兰文使用26个ISO基本拉丁字母(英语:ISO basic Latin alphabet);其中,5个(或6个)作为母音而21个(或20个)作为子音使用。E是荷兰文最常用的字母,最不常用的则是Q与X等。就某些观点而言,复合字母Ij被视为一个单一字母。
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Comparison_of_normal_and_italic_of_ij_and_%C3%BF.svg/320px-Comparison_of_normal_and_italic_of_ij_and_%C3%BF.svg.png)
More information 字母, 字母念法 ...
字母 | 字母念法 | 字母名称[1] |
---|---|---|
A | [aː] | Anton |
B | [beː] | Bernhard |
C | [seː] | Cornelis |
D | [deː] | Dirk |
E | [eː] | Eduard |
F | [ɛf] | Ferdinand |
G | [ɣeː][2] | Gerard |
H | [ɦaː] | Hendrik |
I | [i] | Izaak |
J | [jeː] | Johan/Jacob |
K | [kaː] | Karel |
L | [ɛɫ] | Lodewijk/Leo |
M | [ɛm] | Maria |
N | [ɛn] | Nico |
O | [oː] | Otto |
P | [peː] | Pieter |
Q[注 1] | [ky] | Quirinius/Quinten |
R | [ɛɾ] | Richard/Rudolf |
S | [ɛs] | Simon |
T | [teː] | Theodoor |
U | [y] | Utrecht |
V | [veː] | Victor |
W | [ʋeː] | Willem |
X[注 1] | [ɪks] | Xantippe |
Y[注 1] | [ɛɪ][注 2] | Ypsilon |
IJ[注 3] | [ɛɪ] | IJmuiden/IJsbrand |
Z | [zɛt] | Zacharias |
Close
注解
- The letters ⟨q⟩, ⟨x⟩, and ⟨y⟩ occur mostly in loanwords, but they may also appear in words and names that reflect older spelling conventions. ⟨Q⟩ is almost always followed by ⟨u⟩ (that is, ⟨qu⟩) because nearly every word with a ⟨qu⟩ is borrowed from French or Latin.
- The digraph IJ behaves like a separate letter for capitalisation. In alphabetical order, IJ may not be distinguished from with Y (usual for telephone directories), or it may come between ii and ik (which is common in dictionaries). In Dutch primary education the (more common) digraph IJ often replaces the (less common) Y as the 25th letter of the alphabet.
注释
延伸阅读
- Vincent van Heuven, Spelling en Lezen. Hoe Tragisch Zijn de Werkwoordsvormen?, Assen: Van Gorcum, 1978.
- Rob Naborn, De Spelling-Siegenbeek (1804), Doctoraalscriptie, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, 1985.
- Marijke van der Wal, Geschiedenis van het Nederlands, Utrecht: Het Spectrum, 1994.
- Nicoline van der Sijs, Taal als mensenwerk. Het ontstaan van het ABN, Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers, 2004.
参阅
- 荷兰语盲文(英语:Dutch Braille)
- 荷兰语正写法历史(英语:History of Dutch orthography)
- 荷兰语联盟
- 英语正写法
外部链接
- De grondbeginselen der Nederlandsche spelling. Ontwerp der spelling voor het aanstaande Nederlandsch Woordenboek (1863) by L.A. te Winkel
- De grondbeginselen der Nederlandsche spelling. Regeling der spelling voor het woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (1873) by L.A. te Winkel and M. de Vries
- De woordenlijst der Nederlandse taal online (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (2005) by the Dutch Language Union (Taalunie)
- De witte spelling (2006) by the Society "Onze Taal"
- "New Spelling" of the Dutch language (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Phonetic/spelling alphabets for various languages (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)