借方(英语:debit,简记为Dr.)与贷方(英语:credit,简记为Cr.)是复式记账法中交易分录时使用的概念,其中借方位于T型账户的左边,贷方位于T型账户的右边。一般而言,资金运用账户的借方与资金来源账户的贷方登记增加数。每笔交易的借方总额与贷方总额必定相等。[1][2]

一个账户中借方总额与贷方总额的差异为账户余额(balance)。如果账户的借方总额超过贷方总额,则称账户有借方余额。反之,则称账户有贷方余额。对于公司整体而言,借方余额合计数与贷方余额合计数必须相同。[3]

参考文献

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