蓝色启辉器(Blue starters)初次发现在一段研究雷暴的夜间飞行记录的影片中[10],它被描述成“一种与蓝色喷流紧密相关的上行发光现象。[11]”它们要比一般的蓝色喷流更亮但却更短,长度通常不足20公里[12]。宾夕法尼亚州立大学的电机工程教授维克多·P·帕斯科(Victor P. Pasko)解释道:“蓝色启辉器似乎是未能成型的蓝色喷流。[13]”
“淘气精灵”得名于其英文缩写ELVES(Emissions of Light and Very Low Frequency Perturbations from Electromagnetic Pulse Sources[21],电磁脉冲源造成的甚低频扰动与发光现象)。此名称阐述了发光的原理:电子碰撞导致的氮气分子激发(电子可能通过雷暴产生的电磁脉冲获能)。
Friedman, John. Out of the Blue: A History of Lightning. 纽约: 兰登书屋. 2008: 128 [2015-09-17]. ISBN 978-0385341165. (原始内容存档于2021-03-03). Dr. Davis Sentman of the University of Alaska, one of the few scientists studying these luminous, ghostlike phenomena [i.e., sprites], named the eerie flashes of colored lights after Shakespeare's mischievous spirits of the air — Ariel in The Tempest and Puck in A Midsummer Night's Dream.
Su, H. T.; Hsu, R. R.; Chen, A. B.; Wang, Y. C.; Hsiao, W. S.; Lai, W. C.; Lee, L. C.; Sato, M.; Fukunishi, H. Gigantic jets between a thundercloud and the ionosphere(PDF). Nature. 2003, 423 (6943): 974 [2009-11-29]. (原始内容(PDF)存档于2007-07-02).
Barrington-Leigh, C. P., "Elves(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) : Ionospheric Heating By the Electromagnetic Pulses from Lightning (A primer)". Space Science Lab, Berkeley.