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1978年10月，在国际圣经无误论理事会（ICBI）于芝加哥主办的一次会议上，200多位福音教派领导人制定了《芝加哥圣经无误论声明》。该声明的目的是捍卫圣经无误论的立场，抵制兴起的自由主义对圣经理解的趋势。签署声明的人来自各式的福音派基督教教派，包括Robert Preus, James Montgomery Boice, Kenneth Kantzer, J.I.Packer，Francis Schaeffer, R.C.Sproul和 John F. MacArthur。
圣经无误论的主要支持者将芝加哥声明看成是一个他们所言的“无误论”的十分彻底的声明。声明以“我们确认……”和“我们否认……”的一对对条款详细地论述各种议题。声明认为,无误论只适用于原始的手稿(这样的手稿不复存在,但可以在现存的版本上推断出来),但不能适用于副本或翻译的版本。在声明中,无误论并非指盲目的字面解释,因此，“历史必须被视为历史,诗歌被视为诗歌,夸张和比喻被视为夸张和比喻,泛化和近似的事物也应该理解为它们之所是,如此类推。”该声明也很清楚地表明，签名者否认“圣经无误论和无差错仅限于灵性的、宗教的或救赎主题,不包括历史和科学领域上的观点。”他们“进一步否认关于地球历史的科学假设可用于推翻圣经关于创造论和大洪水的教导。”
在讨论历史批评方式时，Jay Rogers肯定了圣经无误论，将《芝加哥圣经无误论声明》比作第二次梵蒂冈会议的《天主的启示教义宪章》。[1]
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