温室粉虱(学名:Trialeurodes vaporariorum)又名温室白粉虱、白粉虱,是粉虱科棘粉虱属的一种昆虫[1][2]。该种在世界范围内广泛分布,是众多果蔬和花卉上的重要害虫,其寄主植物包括112个科600多种[3],喜欢的寄主植物包括烟草、番茄以及雪莲果等[2]。
Quick Facts 温室粉虱, 科学分类 ...
温室粉虱
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科学分类
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界:
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动物界 Animalia
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门:
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节肢动物门 Arthropoda
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纲:
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昆虫纲 Insecta
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目:
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半翅目 Hemiptera
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科:
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粉虱科 Aleyrodidae
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属:
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棘粉虱属 Trialeurodes
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种:
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温室粉虱 T. vaporariorum
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二名法
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Trialeurodes vaporariorum
Westwood, 1856
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温室粉虱通过直接刺吸植株叶片、分泌蜜露引起煤污病以及传播病毒等方式为害植物[4]。
温室粉虱的防治主要依靠化学手段,然而由于长期大量使用化学农药,导致温室白粉虱的抗药性不断增强,分布范围持续扩大,危害程度不断升级,也带来环境污染等问题[5][6][7]。由于温室粉虱成虫体表附着蜡粉,使得触杀性农药难以有效杀灭[8][9][10]。
生物防治技术也是对抗温室白粉虱的一种有效手段,其效果与传统化学防治相近[2]。
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Mohammed, Abd Allah A. H.; Desneux, Nicolas; Fan, Yinjun; Han, Peng; Ali, Abid; Song, Dunlun; Gao, Xi-Wu. Impact of imidacloprid and natural enemies on cereal aphids: Integration or ecosystem service disruption?. Entomologia Generalis. 2017-12-01, 37 (1): 47–61. doi:10.1127/entomologia/2017/0471.
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Longhurst, C; Babcock, JM; Denholm, I; Gorman, K; Thomas, JD; Sparks, TC. Cross-resistance relationships of the sulfoximine insecticide sulfoxaflor with neonicotinoids and other insecticides in the whiteflies Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum.. Pest management science. 2013-07, 69 (7): 809–13. PMID 23203347. doi:10.1002/ps.3439.