酸蚀

酸蚀是一种牙齿磨损（英语：tooth wear）现象，指的是酸（非细菌带来）溶解牙齿后牙齿出现磨损状况，牙齿磨损情况不可逆转。^[1]牙齿糜烂是5-17岁儿童最常见的慢性疾病^[2]。饮用果汁是造成牙齿酸蚀的原因之一^[3]。酸蚀的过程先从牙釉质开始，牙釉质变薄后，腐蚀过程蔓延至牙本质，此时牙齿呈现暗黄色，并引发牙本质过敏（英语：dentin hypersensitivity）^[4]。

酸蚀
神经性暴食症患者的下牙磨损严重
分类和外部资源
医学专科	牙医学
ICD-9-CM	521.3

引起牙齿腐蚀最常见原因是饮用酸性食物和饮料（例如果汁^[5]）。一般来说，PH值低于5.0-5.7的食物和饮料都会引发牙齿腐蚀。^[6]许多临床和实验室报告都将牙齿糜烂与饮用过多的饮料联系起来。一些酒精和水果饮料、橙汁等含有柠檬酸的果汁和可乐等软性饮料（其中柠檬酸和磷酸是导致腐蚀的原因，碳酸则不是）被认为是引发牙齿酸蚀的因素之一。^[7] 此外，葡萄酒已被证明可以腐蚀牙齿，因为葡萄酒的pH值会低至3.0-3.8。^[6]氯化过的游泳池的水^[8]和胃酸反流等也会侵蚀牙齿。^[9] 在患有慢性疾病的儿童中，他们服用含有酸性成分的药物也是引发牙齿腐蚀的原因之一。^[10]人们在化石中也发现有动物出现牙齿腐蚀的现象，很可能是由它们食用的酸性水果或植物所造成。^[1]

参考来源

1. Towle I, Irish JD, Elliott M, De Groote I. Root grooves on two adjacent anterior teeth of Australopithecus africanus (PDF). International Journal of Paleopathology. September 2018, 22: 163–167 [2021-04-29]. PMID 30126662. doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2018.02.004. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-29）.
2. ten Cate JM, Imfeld T. Dental erosion, summary. European Journal of Oral Sciences. April 1996, 104 (2 ( Pt 2)): 241–4. PMID 8804892. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00073.x.
3. Dugmore CR, Rock WP. A multifactorial analysis of factors associated with dental erosion. British Dental Journal. March 2004, 196 (5): 283–6; discussion 273. PMID 15017418. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4811041 .
4. Guignon, Anne. Dental Erosion: An Increasingly Common Cause of Dentin Hypersensitivity (PDF). Colgate Dental Aegis. September 2013 [2021-04-29]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-29）.
5. 'Health juices' harm baby teeth. BBC News Online. 2 August 2007 [2009-05-21]. （原始内容存档于2009-01-11）.
6. Mandel L. Dental erosion due to wine consumption. Journal of the American Dental Association. January 2005, 136 (1): 71–5. PMID 15693499. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2005.0029.
7. Moynihan PJ. Dietary advice in dental practice. British Dental Journal. November 2002, 193 (10): 563–8. PMID 12481178. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4801628 .
8. Buczkowska-Radlińska J, Łagocka R, Kaczmarek W, Górski M, Nowicka A. Prevalence of dental erosion in adolescent competitive swimmers exposed to gas-chlorinated swimming pool water. Clinical Oral Investigations. March 2013, 17 (2): 579–83. PMC 3579418 . PMID 22476450. doi:10.1007/s00784-012-0720-6.
9. Paryag A, Rafeek R. Dental Erosion and Medical Conditions: An Overview of Aetiology, Diagnosis and Management. The West Indian Medical Journal. September 2014, 63 (5): 499–502. PMC 4655683 . PMID 25781289. doi:10.7727/wimj.2013.140.
10. Nunn JH, Ng SK, Sharkey I, Coulthard M. The dental implications of chronic use of acidic medicines in medically compromised children. Pharmacy World & Science. June 2001, 23 (3): 118–9. PMID 11468877. S2CID 7071706. doi:10.1023/A:1011202409386.

外部链接

• Saliva and Tooth Dissolution