矛头蝮长75–125厘米。矛头蝮的背上环斑可融入雨林的落叶地表,帮助牠们长时间等候猎物。矛头蝮受干扰时会像响尾蛇一样举起尾巴发声警告入侵者(尾部无响环)。矛头蝮会受人类住宅区的老鼠吸引而来到人类的住所,容易咬伤人类。矛头蝮的毒液会瓦解伤口周遭的组织,毒液还会随着血液蔓延破坏血液组织,最后导致心脏及肾脏衰竭。

Quick Facts 矛头蝮, 科学分类 ...
矛头蝮
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科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行纲 Reptilia
目: 有鳞目 Squamata
亚目: 蛇亚目 Serpentes
科: 蝰科 Viperidae
属: 矛头蝮属 Bothrops
种:
矛头蝮 B. atrox
二名法
Bothrops atrox
异名
  • Coluber atrox Linnaeus, 1758
  • [Coluber] ambiguus Gmelin, 1788
  • Vipera Weigeli Daudin, 1803
  • Cophias holocericeus
    Wied-Neuwied, 1821
  • Trigonoceph[alus]. atrox
    Schinz, 1822
  • Vipera atrox Weigelii – Schinz, 1822
  • Trigonoceph[alus]. holocericeus
    – Schinz, 1822
  • Bothrops furia Wagler, 1824
  • Bothrops tessellatus Wagler, 1824
  • Craspedocephalus atrox
    Fitzinger, 1826
  • Craspedocephalus Weigelii
    – Fitzinger, 1826
  • [Bothrops] atrox – Wagler, 1830
  • [Bothrops] ambiguus – Wagler, 1830
  • T[rigonocephalus]. atrox
    Schlegel, 1837
  • Trigonocephalus Colombiensis Hallowell, 1845
  • Bothrops affinis Gray, 1849
  • Bothrops atrox var. tessellatus
    Jan & Sordelli, 1875
  • Lachesis atrox Boulenger, 1896
  • Botrhops atrox Recinos, 1913
  • B[othrops]. Neuvoiedii Venezuelenzi Briceño Rossi, 1934
  • Trimeresurus atrox
    Schmidt & Walker, 1943
  • Bothrops atrox atrox Hoge, 1952
  • Bothrops colombiensis – Hoge, 1966
  • Bothrops atrox colombiensis
    – Gubensk, Turk & Drujan, 1978
  • Bothrops isabelae
    Sandner-Montilla, 1979
  • Bothrops lanceolatus aidae
    Sandner-Montilla, 1981
  • B[othrops]. atrox aidae
    Vanzolini, 1986
  • Bothrops lanceolatus nacaritae Sandner-Montilla, 1990[1]
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