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栉蚕科（学名：Peripatidae），也称蝡科，为真有爪目的一科蜕皮动物 (Ecdysozoa)。本科物种的英文俗称为“velvet worms”（天鹅绒虫），形容其体表结构和触感好似天鹅绒一般。
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本科包括以下属：[1]
- 塞拉多蝡属 Cerradopatus Oliveira, Lacorte, Weck-Heimann, Cordeiro, Wieloch & Mayer, 2015
- †白垩蝡属 Cretoperipatus Engel & Grimaldi, 2002
- 黎蝡属 Eoperipatus Evans, 1901
- 上蝡属 Epiperipatus Clark, 1913
- 异蝡属 Heteroperipatus Zilch, 1954
- 大蝡属 Macroperipatus Clark, 1913
- 中蝡属 Mesoperipatus Evans, 1901
- 蒙氏蝡属 Mongeperipatus Barquero-González et al., 2020
- 山蝡属 Oroperipatus Cockerell, 1908
- 巴氏山蝡 Oroperipatus balzani (Camerano, 1897)
- 贝氏山蝡 Oroperipatus belli (Bouvier, 1904)
- 宾氏山蝡 Oroperipatus bimbergi (Fuhrmann, 1913)
- 布氏山蝡 Oroperipatus bluntschlii Fuhrmann, 1915
- 卡氏山蝡 Oroperipatus cameranoi (Bouvier, 1899)
- 科氏山蝡 Oroperipatus corradoi (Camerano, 1898)
- 厄瓜多尔山蝡 Oroperipatus ecuadorensis (Bouvier, 1902)
- 艾氏山蝡 Oroperipatus eisenii (Wheeler, 1898)
- Oroperipatus goudoti (Bouvier, 1899)
- 中介山蝡 Oroperipatus intermedius (Bouvier, 1901)
- 科氏山蝡 Oroperipatus koepckei Zilch, 1954
- 兰氏山蝡 Oroperipatus lankesteri (Bouvier, 1899)
- 多疣山蝡 Oroperipatus multipodes (Fuhrmann, 1913)
- 奥米瑞斯山蝡 Oroperipatus omeyrus du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1952
- Oroperipatus peruanus (Grube, 1876)
- 秘鲁山蝡 Oroperipatus peruvianus (Brues, 1917)
- Oroperipatus quitensis (Schmarda, 1871)
- 索拉塔山蝡 Oroperipatus soratanus (Bouvier, 1901)
- Oroperipatus tiputini Montalvo-Salazar, Bejarano, Valarezo & Cisneros-Heredia, 2024[2]
- 多瘤山蝡 Oroperipatus tuberculatus (Bouvier, 1898)
- 韦氏山蝡 Oroperipatus weyrauchi du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1952
- 栉蚕属 Peripatus Guilding, 1826，蝡属
- 褶蝡属 Plicatoperipatus Clark, 1913
- 初疣蝡属 Principapillatus Oliveira, Franke, Hering, Schaffer, Rowell, Weck-Heimann, Monge-Nájera, Morera-Brenes et al., 2012
- 穴蝡属 Speleoperipatus Peck, 1975
- 盲蝡属 Typhloperipatus Kemp, 1913
- 威氏盲蝡 Typhloperipatus williamsoni Kemp, 1913
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