鹀属(学名:Emberiza)是雀形目鹀科的唯一一属[1],体型一般比麻雀小,以植物的种子和昆虫为食,鸟啄粗短呈圆锥状,分布于旧大陆。鹀科本来还有其他的属,但2017年7月5日美国鸟类学会将该科新大陆的生物分离出来形成新的雀鹀科(Passerellidae),只剩下本属。
本科鸟类英文名跟雀科的鸟类相同,都为sparrow。
2008年的基因研究显示有三种单型属鹀科的物种应合并至本属中,分别是冠鹀(Melophus lathami)、蓝鹀 (Latouchiornis siemsseni)和黍鹀(Miliaria calandra)。[2][3]
种
- 凤头鹀 Emberiza lathami Gray, JE, 1831
- 蓝鹀 Emberiza siemsseni (Martens, GH, 1906)
- 黍鹀 Emberiza calandra Linnaeus, 1758
- 黄鹀 Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758
- 白头鹀 Emberiza leucocephalos Gmelin, SG, 1771
- 淡灰眉岩鹀 Emberiza cia Linnaeus, 1766
- 戈氏岩鹀 Emberiza godlewskii Taczanowski, 1874
- 三道眉草鹀 Emberiza cioides Brandt, JF, 1843
- 白顶鹀 Emberiza stewarti (Blyth, 1854)
- 栗斑腹鹀 Emberiza jankowskii Taczanowski, 1888
- 灰颈鹀 Emberiza buchanani Blyth, 1845
- 苍头鹀 Emberiza cineracea Brehm, CL, 1855
- 圃鹀 Emberiza hortulana Linnaeus, 1758
- 蓝头圃鹀 Emberiza caesia Cretzschmar, 1827
- 黄道眉鹀 Emberiza cirlus Linnaeus, 1766
- 黑纹鹀 Emberiza striolata (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)
- 家鹀 Emberiza sahari Levaillant, J, 1850
- 淡岩鹀 Emberiza impetuani Smith, A, 1836
- 朱胸鹀(朱胸岩鹀) Emberiza tahapisi Smith, A, 1836
- 灰喉鹀(葛氏朱胸岩鹀) Emberiza goslingi (Alexander, 1906)
- 索岛鹀(索科特拉山鹀) Emberiza socotrana (Ogilvie-Grant & Forbes, HO, 1899)
- 南非岩鹀 Emberiza capensis Linnaeus, 1766
- 白眉鹀 Emberiza tristrami Swinhoe, 1870
- 栗耳鹀(赤胸鹀) Emberiza fucata Pallas, 1776
- 小鹀 Emberiza pusilla Pallas, 1776
- 黄眉鹀 Emberiza chrysophrys Pallas, 1776
- 田鹀 Emberiza rustica Pallas, 1776
- 黄喉鹀 Emberiza elegans Temminck, 1836
- 黄胸鹀(金鹀) Emberiza aureola Pallas, 1773
- 索马里鹀(索马利金胸鹀) Emberiza poliopleura (Salvadori, 1888)
- 金胸鹀 Emberiza flaviventris Stephens, 1815
- 褐腰鹀 Emberiza affinis Heuglin, 1867
- 白眉黄腹鹀 Emberiza cabanisi (Reichenow, 1875)
- 栗鹀(锈鹀) Emberiza rutila Pallas, 1776
- 藏鹀 Emberiza koslowi Bianchi, 1904
- 黑头鹀 Emberiza melanocephala Scopoli, 1769
- 褐头鹀 Emberiza bruniceps Brandt, JF, 1841
- 硫黄鹀(野鹀、绣眼鹀) Emberiza sulphurata Temminck & Schlegel, 1848
- 灰头鹀(黑脸鹀) Emberiza spodocephala Pallas, 1776
- 日本灰头鹀 Emberiza personata Temminck, 1836
- 灰鹀 Emberiza variabilis Temminck, 1836
- 苇鹀 Emberiza pallasi (Cabanis, 1851)
- 红颈苇鹀 Emberiza yessoensis (Swinhoe, 1874)
- 芦鹀 Emberiza schoeniclus (Linnaeus, 1758)