胡丙长

胡丙长（英语：Frank Hu，1966年—）是一名美国华裔学者，现为美国哈佛大学营养学与流行病学教授^[1]，美国国家医学院院士，同时为美国波士顿肥胖与营养研究中心流行病学与生物统计室主任^[2]。主要从事营养与慢性疾病的关系研究。

生平

胡丙长于1966年10月出生于中国湖北省洪湖县（现洪湖市），1988年毕业于华中科技大学同济医学院，1994年，获美国伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校公共卫生硕士学位，1996年获得伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校博士学位。曾任哈佛公共卫生学院和哈佛医学院助理教授、副教授和终身教授、兼任华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院长江学者讲座教授。

2014年，被中国国务院侨办聘为海外专家咨询委员会委员^[3]。

2015年10月19日胡丙长当选为美国国立医学研究院（英语：National Academy of Medicine）（NAM）院士，这是健康和医学领域的最高荣誉之一^[3]。

研究

胡丙长在《新英格兰医学杂志》（NEJM）、《美国医学会杂志》（JAMA）、《柳叶刀》（Lancet）等顶尖医学杂志上发表了多篇文章，并在糖尿病和冠心病的病因与预防领域取得了世界公认的成就，特别对营养、遗传因素及其交互作用在肥胖与糖尿病发生发展中的作用作出了原创性的贡献。他的小组对许多饮食和生活方式因素以及罹患糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险进行了详细分析，包括含糖饮料、咖啡^[4]^[5]^[6]、红肉^[7]^[8]、饱和和多元不饱和脂肪、铁质^[9]和饮食习惯^[10]^[11]^[12]，这些发现为当前的公共卫生建议和预防慢性病的政策做出了贡献。此外，胡丙长还与来自中国的研究人员合作，研究了中国人群的营养转变，代谢表型和心血管疾病^[13]^[14]；他的研究还扩展到全球营养，肥胖和政策问题^[15]^[16]。另外，他的研究证实了反式脂肪对心脏的危害（在1997年被美国心脏病协会列为10大杰出的研究成果之一），以及中度剧烈的体力活动能预防糖尿病的发生^[17] 。同时他也对含糖饮料以及肥胖、2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险进行了广泛的研究^[18]^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25]^[26]。

荣誉

2010年胡丙长获得美国糖尿病协会（英语：American Diabetes Association）颁发的凯利·韦斯特流行病学杰出成就奖（英语：Kelly West Award）^[27]^[28]，并曾获两个年度的美国心脏协会最佳十项研究进展奖。

2017年，获颁华中科大“杰出校友”荣誉称号^[29]。

参考资料

[1]
Frank Hu. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
[2]
Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center. [2019-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-24）.
[3]
NAM Elects 80 New Members. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-15）.
[4]
Ding, M; Bhupathiraju, SN; Satija, A; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Long-term coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Circulation. February 2014, 129 (6): 643–59. PMC 3945962 . PMID 24201300. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005925.
[5]
Ding, M; Bhupathiraju, SN; Chen, M; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2014, 37 (2): 569–86. PMC 3898757 . PMID 24459154. doi:10.2337/dc13-1203.
[6]
Ding, M; Satija, A; Bhupathiraju, SN; Hu, Y; Sun, Q; Han, J; Lopez-Garcia, E; Willett, W; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Association of Coffee Consumption With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in 3 Large Prospective Cohorts. Circulation. 2015, 132 (24): 2305–15. PMC 4679527 . PMID 26572796. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017341.
[7]
Pan, A; Sun, Q; Bernstein, AM; et al. Red meat consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: 3 cohorts of US adults and an updated meta-analysis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. October 2011, 94 (4): 1088–96. PMC 3173026 . PMID 21831992. doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.018978.
[8]
Pan, A; Sun, Q; Bernstein, AM; Schulze, MB; Manson, JE; Stampfer, MJ; Willett, WC; Hu, FB. Red meat consumption and mortality: results from 2 prospective cohort studies. Arch. Intern. Med. 2012, 172 (7): 555–63. PMC 3712342 . PMID 22412075. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2287.
[9]
Jiang, R; Manson, JE; Meigs, JB; Ma, J; Rifai, N; Hu, FB. Body iron stores in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy womens. JAMA. 2004, 291 (6): 711–7. PMID 14871914. doi:10.1001/jama.291.6.711.
[10]
Halton, TL; Willett, WC; Liu, S; et al. Low-carbohydrate-diet score and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N. Engl. J. Med. November 2006, 355 (19): 1991–2002. PMID 17093250. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa055317.
[11]
Heidemann, C; Schulze, MB; Franco, OH; van Dam, RM; Mantzoros, CS; Hu, FB. Dietary patterns and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in a prospective cohort of women. Circulation. July 2008, 118 (3): 230–7. PMC 2748772 . PMID 18574045. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.771881.
[12]
Satija, A; Bhupathiraju, SN; Rimm, EB; Spiegelman, D; Chiuve, SE; Borgi, L; Willett, WC; Manson, JE; Sun, Q; Hu, FB. Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in US Men and Women: Results from Three Prospective Cohort Studies. PLoS Med. 2016, 13 (6): e1002039. PMC 4907448 . PMID 27299701. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002039.
[13]
Li, Y; He, Y; Qi, L; Jaddoe, VW; Feskens, EJ; Yang, X; Ma, G; Hu, FB. Exposure to the Chinese famine in early life and the risk of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Diabetes. 2010, 59 (10): 2400–6. PMC 3279550 . PMID 20622161. doi:10.2337/db10-0385.
[14]
Li, Y; Wang, DD; Ley, SH; Howard, AG; He, Y; Lu, Y; Danaei, G; Hu, FB. Potential Impact of Time Trend of Life-Style Factors on Cardiovascular Disease Burden in China. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016, 68 (8): 818–33. PMC 5850940 . PMID 27539174. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.011.
[15]
Malik, VS; Willett, WC; Hu, FB. Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013, 9 (1): 13–27. PMID 23165161. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.199.
[16]
Hu, FB. Globalization of diabetes: The role of diet, lifestyle, and genes (The Kelly West Lecture) (PDF). Diabetes Care. 2011, 34 (6): 1249–57 [2019-12-23]. PMC 3114340 . PMID 21617109. doi:10.2337/dc11-0442. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.
[17]
Hu, F. B.; Manson, J. E.; Stampfer, M. J.; Colditz, G; Liu, S; Solomon, C. G.; Willett, W. C. Diet, lifestyle, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 2001, 345 (11): 790–7. PMID 11556298. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa010492.
[18]
Schulze, M. B.; Manson, J. E.; Ludwig, D. S.; Colditz, G. A.; Stampfer, M. J.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women. JAMA. 2004, 292 (8): 927–34. PMID 15328324. doi:10.1001/jama.292.8.927.
[19]
Malik, V. S.; Schulze, M. B.; Hu, F. B. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: A systematic review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2006, 84 (2): 274–288. PMC 3210834 . PMID 16895873. doi:10.1093/AJCN/84.2.274.
[20]
Malik, V. S.; Popkin, B. M.; Bray, G. A.; Després, J. P.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease risk. Circulation. 2010, 121 (11): 1356–64. PMC 2862465 . PMID 20308626. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.876185.
[21]
Malik, V. S.; Popkin, B. M.; Bray, G. A.; Despres, J. -P.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2010, 33 (11): 2477–2483. PMC 2963518 . PMID 20693348. doi:10.2337/dc10-1079.
[22]
De Koning, L; Malik, V. S.; Rimm, E. B.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverage consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, 93 (6): 1321–7. PMC 3095502 . PMID 21430119. doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.007922.
[23]
De Koning, L; Malik, V. S.; Kellogg, M. D.; Rimm, E. B.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sweetened beverage consumption, incident coronary heart disease, and biomarkers of risk in men. Circulation. 2012, 125 (14): 1735–41, S1. PMC 3368965 . PMID 22412070. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.067017.
[24]
Malik, V. S.; Pan, A; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain in children and adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2013, 98 (4): 1084–102. PMC 3778861 . PMID 23966427. doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.058362.
[25]
Hu, F. B. Resolved: There is sufficient scientific evidence that decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption will reduce the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Obesity Reviews. 2013, 14 (8): 606–19. PMC 5325726 . PMID 23763695. doi:10.1111/obr.12040.
[26]
Malik, V. S.; Hu, F. B. Fructose and Cardiometabolic Health: What the Evidence From Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Tells Us.. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2015, 66 (14): 1615–24. PMC 4592517 . PMID 26429086. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.025.
[27]
Frank Hu receives award for diabetes epidemiology research.. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
[28]
Kelly M. West Award.. [2014-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-21）.
[29]
胡丙长院士获颁华中科大“杰出校友”荣誉称号^{[失效链接]}

外部链接

Frank Hu - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Frank Hu （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at Google Scholar

[1] [1]
Frank Hu. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.

[2] [2]
Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center. [2019-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-24）.

[#1-3] [3]
NAM Elects 80 New Members. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-15）.

[4] [4]
Ding, M; Bhupathiraju, SN; Satija, A; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Long-term coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Circulation. February 2014, 129 (6): 643–59. PMC 3945962 . PMID 24201300. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005925.

[5] [5]
Ding, M; Bhupathiraju, SN; Chen, M; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2014, 37 (2): 569–86. PMC 3898757 . PMID 24459154. doi:10.2337/dc13-1203.

[6] [6]
Ding, M; Satija, A; Bhupathiraju, SN; Hu, Y; Sun, Q; Han, J; Lopez-Garcia, E; Willett, W; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Association of Coffee Consumption With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in 3 Large Prospective Cohorts. Circulation. 2015, 132 (24): 2305–15. PMC 4679527 . PMID 26572796. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017341.

[7] [7]
Pan, A; Sun, Q; Bernstein, AM; et al. Red meat consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: 3 cohorts of US adults and an updated meta-analysis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. October 2011, 94 (4): 1088–96. PMC 3173026 . PMID 21831992. doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.018978.

[8] [8]
Pan, A; Sun, Q; Bernstein, AM; Schulze, MB; Manson, JE; Stampfer, MJ; Willett, WC; Hu, FB. Red meat consumption and mortality: results from 2 prospective cohort studies. Arch. Intern. Med. 2012, 172 (7): 555–63. PMC 3712342 . PMID 22412075. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2287.

[9] [9]
Jiang, R; Manson, JE; Meigs, JB; Ma, J; Rifai, N; Hu, FB. Body iron stores in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy womens. JAMA. 2004, 291 (6): 711–7. PMID 14871914. doi:10.1001/jama.291.6.711.

[10] [10]
Halton, TL; Willett, WC; Liu, S; et al. Low-carbohydrate-diet score and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N. Engl. J. Med. November 2006, 355 (19): 1991–2002. PMID 17093250. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa055317.

[11] [11]
Heidemann, C; Schulze, MB; Franco, OH; van Dam, RM; Mantzoros, CS; Hu, FB. Dietary patterns and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in a prospective cohort of women. Circulation. July 2008, 118 (3): 230–7. PMC 2748772 . PMID 18574045. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.771881.

[12] [12]
Satija, A; Bhupathiraju, SN; Rimm, EB; Spiegelman, D; Chiuve, SE; Borgi, L; Willett, WC; Manson, JE; Sun, Q; Hu, FB. Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in US Men and Women: Results from Three Prospective Cohort Studies. PLoS Med. 2016, 13 (6): e1002039. PMC 4907448 . PMID 27299701. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002039.

[13] [13]
Li, Y; He, Y; Qi, L; Jaddoe, VW; Feskens, EJ; Yang, X; Ma, G; Hu, FB. Exposure to the Chinese famine in early life and the risk of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Diabetes. 2010, 59 (10): 2400–6. PMC 3279550 . PMID 20622161. doi:10.2337/db10-0385.

[14] [14]
Li, Y; Wang, DD; Ley, SH; Howard, AG; He, Y; Lu, Y; Danaei, G; Hu, FB. Potential Impact of Time Trend of Life-Style Factors on Cardiovascular Disease Burden in China. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016, 68 (8): 818–33. PMC 5850940 . PMID 27539174. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.011.

[15] [15]
Malik, VS; Willett, WC; Hu, FB. Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013, 9 (1): 13–27. PMID 23165161. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.199.

[16] [16]
Hu, FB. Globalization of diabetes: The role of diet, lifestyle, and genes (The Kelly West Lecture) (PDF). Diabetes Care. 2011, 34 (6): 1249–57 [2019-12-23]. PMC 3114340 . PMID 21617109. doi:10.2337/dc11-0442. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.

[17] [17]
Hu, F. B.; Manson, J. E.; Stampfer, M. J.; Colditz, G; Liu, S; Solomon, C. G.; Willett, W. C. Diet, lifestyle, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 2001, 345 (11): 790–7. PMID 11556298. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa010492.

[18] [18]
Schulze, M. B.; Manson, J. E.; Ludwig, D. S.; Colditz, G. A.; Stampfer, M. J.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women. JAMA. 2004, 292 (8): 927–34. PMID 15328324. doi:10.1001/jama.292.8.927.

[19] [19]
Malik, V. S.; Schulze, M. B.; Hu, F. B. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: A systematic review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2006, 84 (2): 274–288. PMC 3210834 . PMID 16895873. doi:10.1093/AJCN/84.2.274.

[20] [20]
Malik, V. S.; Popkin, B. M.; Bray, G. A.; Després, J. P.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease risk. Circulation. 2010, 121 (11): 1356–64. PMC 2862465 . PMID 20308626. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.876185.

[21] [21]
Malik, V. S.; Popkin, B. M.; Bray, G. A.; Despres, J. -P.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2010, 33 (11): 2477–2483. PMC 2963518 . PMID 20693348. doi:10.2337/dc10-1079.

[22] [22]
De Koning, L; Malik, V. S.; Rimm, E. B.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverage consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, 93 (6): 1321–7. PMC 3095502 . PMID 21430119. doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.007922.

[23] [23]
De Koning, L; Malik, V. S.; Kellogg, M. D.; Rimm, E. B.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sweetened beverage consumption, incident coronary heart disease, and biomarkers of risk in men. Circulation. 2012, 125 (14): 1735–41, S1. PMC 3368965 . PMID 22412070. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.067017.

[24] [24]
Malik, V. S.; Pan, A; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain in children and adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2013, 98 (4): 1084–102. PMC 3778861 . PMID 23966427. doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.058362.

[25] [25]
Hu, F. B. Resolved: There is sufficient scientific evidence that decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption will reduce the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Obesity Reviews. 2013, 14 (8): 606–19. PMC 5325726 . PMID 23763695. doi:10.1111/obr.12040.

[26] [26]
Malik, V. S.; Hu, F. B. Fructose and Cardiometabolic Health: What the Evidence From Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Tells Us.. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2015, 66 (14): 1615–24. PMC 4592517 . PMID 26429086. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.025.

[27] [27]
Frank Hu receives award for diabetes epidemiology research.. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.

[28] [28]
Kelly M. West Award.. [2014-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-21）.

[29] [29]
胡丙长院士获颁华中科大“杰出校友”荣誉称号^{[失效链接]}

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