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纤溶酶
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纤溶酶(英语:Plasmin,EC 3.4.21.7),或译为血浆酶、胞浆素。是血浆中的一种重要酶用以降解许多血浆蛋白,包括纤维蛋白凝块。纤维蛋白的降解被称为纤溶作用(英语:fibrinolysis)。在人类中,纤溶酶是由PLG 基因转译而成[1]
功能
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Quick Facts Plasminogen 纤溶酶原, 有效结构 ...
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纤溶酶与胰蛋白酶同属一种丝氨酸蛋白酶,可以降解血栓。除了纤溶作用之外,纤溶酶也可透过多种方式降解其他蛋白质,例如活化胶原蛋白酶(英语:collagenase),或是某些补体调控物质。纤溶酶也能促使滤泡壁弱化,进而促进排卵。纤溶酶能够降解纤维蛋白、纤连蛋白、thrombospondin(英语:thrombospondin)、层蛋白,以及von Willebrand因子(英语:von Willebrand factor)。
病理学
缺乏纤溶酶会造成血栓无法及时溶解,进而导致血栓形成。另外,缺乏纤溶酶原的大鼠也会有肝脏修复障碍[2]、伤口愈合障碍,及生殖功能异常等问题[来源请求]。
人类有种罕见疾病称为第一型纤溶酶原缺损症(英语:plasminogen deficiency type I)(OMIM 217090),即是因PLG基因变异,患者常会发生木样结膜炎(英语:ligneous conjunctivitis)。
交互作用
纤溶酶能与Thrombospondin 1(英语:Thrombospondin 1)[3][4]、Alpha 2-antiplasmin(英语:Alpha 2-antiplasmin)[5][6],和IGFBP3(英语:IGFBP3)[7]进行交互作用。
参考文献
- Entrez Gene: plasminogen. (原始内容存档于2019-09-13).
- Bezerra JA, Bugge TH, Melin-Aldana H, Sabla G, Kombrinck KW, Witte DP, Degen JL. Plasminogen deficiency leads to impaired remodeling after a toxic injury to the liver. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America). December 21, 1999, 96 (26): 15143–8 [2016-03-04]. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9615143B. PMC 24787
. PMID 10611352. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.15143. (原始内容存档于2014-02-28).
- Silverstein RL, Leung LL, Harpel PC, Nachman RL. Complex formation of platelet thrombospondin with plasminogen. Modulation of activation by tissue activator. J. Clin. Invest. November 1984, 74 (5): 1625–33. PMC 425339
. PMID 6438154. doi:10.1172/JCI111578.
- DePoli P, Bacon-Baguley T, Kendra-Franczak S, Cederholm MT, Walz DA. Thrombospondin interaction with plasminogen. Evidence for binding to a specific region of the kringle structure of plasminogen. Blood. March 1989, 73 (4): 976–82. PMID 2522013.
- Wiman B, Collen D. On the mechanism of the reaction between human alpha 2-antiplasmin and plasmin. J. Biol. Chem. September 1979, 254 (18): 9291–7. PMID 158022.
- Shieh BH, Travis J. The reactive site of human alpha 2-antiplasmin. J. Biol. Chem. May 1987, 262 (13): 6055–9. PMID 2437112.
- Campbell PG, Durham SK, Suwanichkul A, Hayes JD, Powell DR. Plasminogen binds the heparin-binding domain of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3. Am. J. Physiol. August 1998, 275 (2 Pt 1): E321–31. PMID 9688635.
延伸阅读
- Shanmukhappa K, Mourya R, Sabla GE, Degen JL, Bezerra JA. Hepatic to pancreatic switch defines a role for hemostatic factors in cellular plasticity in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. July 2005, 102 (29): 10182–7. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10210182S. PMC 1177369
. PMID 16006527. doi:10.1073/pnas.0501691102.
- Anglés-Cano E, Rojas G. Apolipoprotein(a): structure-function relationship at the lysine-binding site and plasminogen activator cleavage site. Biol. Chem. 2002, 383 (1): 93–9. PMID 11928826. doi:10.1515/BC.2002.009.
- Ranson M, Andronicos NM. Plasminogen binding and cancer: promises and pitfalls. Front. Biosci. 2003, 8: s294–304. PMID 12700073. doi:10.2741/1044.
外部链接
- The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.233 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 医学主题词表(MeSH):Plasmin
纤溶酶引用了美国国家医学图书馆提供的资料,这些资料属于公共领域。
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