本体(英语:Noumenon,发音: /ˈnuːmɛˌnɒn/),哲学名词,意指不必用感官去知识到的物体或事件。它与现象是两个相对的名词,是形而上学中重要的议题。研究本体的学问,称为本体论。康德称本体为物自身(德语:das Ding an sich ,英语:thing-in-itself,又译为物自体)。
字源
本体(Noumenon)来自于希腊语:νοούμενoν,它的复数形是希腊语:νοούμενα,字面意思为“在思想中的某事物”、“思想所对应的对象”。它是希腊语:νοεῖν(noein)的现在分词,原义是“我思、我想”。英语中的智性(nous),也是来自于这个希腊文字根。
外部链接
- [http://archive.org/details/surdofmetaphysic00caru The surd of metaphysics; an inquiry into the question: Are there things-in-themselves? (1903) Paul Carus, 1852–1919 Retrieved May 18, 2012
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy on Kant's metaphysics (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Glossary of Kant's technical terms (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Stephen Palmquist
- Article from undergraduate journal Noesis (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Lecture notes by G.J Mattey
- Kant's System of Perspectives (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (Lanham: University Press of America, 1993) by Stephen Palmquist
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